تلفُ المهرِ وأثرُه في العقدِ الشّرعيِّ/ دراسةٌ فقهيّةٌ مقارنةٌ إن أحكام النكاح من القضايا الفقهية المهمة التي تتعلّق حياة المسلمين بها، والتي تنظم العلاقة بين الجنسين في إطار شرعي، يصون الحقوق، ويحفظ النسل البشري، ويلبي الحاجات الجسدية، ورتب بموجبه حقوق وواجبات على كلا الزوجين. ومن هذه الحقوق ما رتبه لها من عوض مالي على ما أبيح منها مما كان محرماً قبله على كلا الزوجين، وهو ما يُعرف بالمهر، وتتعلق بالمهر أح

يعدّ موضوع المفاضلة في العلاج من أهم وأبرز المواضيع في الحقبة الاخيرة ولا سيما بعد حدوث الحرب على قطاع غزة، حيث يلجأ إليه الأطباء في حال كثرة المصابين ونقص الإمكانات الطبية، ولا بد من معايير لضبط المفاضلة للإنقاذ أكبر عدد ممكن من الجرحى والمصابين. واشتملت هذه الدراسة على ثلاثة مباحث بدأت بتوضيح مفهوم المفاضلة في العلاج وأسبابها، وتناول المبحث الثاني مفهوم المقاصد والمعايير الشرعية، والمقاصد الشرعية التي

نشأت سيمياء الأهواء كفرع رئيس من سيمياء العمل، التي تتمركز على الانفعالات الجسدية والحالات النفسية التي تسهم في تشكيل المعنى وصولاً إلى الدلالة في النص الأدبي. أما سيمياء الأهواء العنيفة تحديداً، فهي جزئية لتطبيق سيميائية الأهواء. وكيفية تجسيد تلك الأهواء في رواية (أنت مجرتي) للروائية فرح صبري، كالغضب، والكره، والحزن، والخوف وغير ذلك. عبر رصد آليات الإنتاج من تحولات وتغيرات في البرامج السردية، التي تؤدي إ

يتناول البحث حكم علاج الشعر بتقنية الإكسوزوم، تلك التقنية التي تقوم على تعزيز الصلة بين الخلايا، والتأثير في سلوك الخلية، وهنا تظهر مشكلة البحث في كون تلك التقنية يتنازعها حكمان رئيسيان هما: حكم الاهتمام بالشعر وإكرامه، وحكم حرمة الوصل، وتأتي أهمية البحث في كونه يؤصل للحكم الشرعي لتلك التقنية، خاصة أني لم أجد في حدود ما اطلعت عليه من بحث هذا الموضوع بحثاً شرعياً، ولذلك يأتي هدف البحث في التأصيل لهذه التقني

تناول هذا البحث "توثيق الرواة وتضعيفهم عند الإمامية بحسب الضوابط الرجالية -دراسة تحليلية- شاملة تهدف إلى تسليط الضوء على علم الرجال واهميته في حفظ السنة النبوية وصيانة التراث الإسلامي، يبدأ هذا البحث بتعريف علم الرجال، والتطرق إليه، إذ يعرف بأنه علم يعنى بدراسة أحوال رواة الحديث من حيث الوثاقة والعدالة بهدف التمييز بين الاحاديث الصحيحة والضعيفة، وتكمن أهمية البحث في انه يركز على سلسلة رواة الحديث للتأكد م

   This study demonstrates a sustainable, "trash-to-treasure" approach by synthesizing silica (SiO₂) and alumina (Al₂O₃) nanoparticles (30–80 nm) from local waste materials—specifically bentonite clay and aluminum wire waste—and evaluating their performance as eco-friendly additives in 350 mL water-based drilling fluids at concentrations ranging from 0 to 1 g. Tested under harsh subsurface conditions, the incorporated nanoparticles significantly enhanced the fluids' rheological properties, lubricity, filtration control, and swelling inhibition, with performance scaling alongside nanoparticle concentration. Notably, at a 1 g dosage, the fluid's yield point spiked from a baseline of 9 to 42 for SiO<

   The performance of pomegranate peel treated with oleic acid (PPOA) was studied using a batch mode for ciprofloxacin (CIP) adsorption from an aqueous solution. Although other studies have investigated chemical modification with various chemical agents, the novel use of oleic acid for modification yields unprecedented results in terms of CIP removal efficiency. Dependent parameters were optimized using the sample pH, contact interval, initial CIP concentration, and adsorbent dose. Using response surface methodology (RSM) with a central composite design (CCD), a dose of 0.3 g/100 mL produced excellent removal efficiency (above 81%) for CIP concentrations of 60 mg/L after 90 minutes of contact at pH 6. With an R² (correlation

   Aqueous mineral carbonation is one of the most important methods of permanent CO₂ sequestration in Carbon Capture, Utilization, and Storage (CCUS). This is carried out using alkaline pH-risers to neutralize the acidity of carbonic acid (H₂CO₃) to cause a change in the chemical balance to carbonate ions (CO₃^2-). This paper assesses the different sources of alkalinity with special reference to the performance of caustic soda (NaOH) and soda ash (Na₂CO₃) under industrial circumstances. It has been shown in experiments that caustic soda is the most effective reagent in quick mineralization. It causes a sudden early increase in pH (about 2.0 to 2.5 units per gra

   The paper introduces a state-of-the-art Physics Augmented Machine Learning framework to predict the critical geomechanical property – Unconfined Compressive Strength (UCS) – in the Zubair reservoir of the Zubair field for mitigating the risk of CO₂ storage. The geomechanical results and modeling workflow were obtained via an integrated software system that was developed in Python, while all computational processes and model training were conducted in the Deepnote interactive cloud computing environment; thus, all of the necessary libraries and the high-performance processing capacities were seamlessly integrated. Through the comparison of six ensemble algorithms which are Categorical Boosting (CatBoost), XGBoost )Extr

   The rising level of Carbon Dioxide (CO₂) concentration and the growing energy demand of the world have given a desperate necessity of carbon-neutral and sustainable energy sources. Carbon Capture, Utilization and Storage (CCUS), especially CO₂-Enhanced Gas Recovery (CO₂-EGR) has become an attractive technology to maximize hydrocarbon recovery with a minimal environmental impact. The paper introduces an AI-based system of recovering carbon-neutral gas by implementing CO₂ gas injection and storage. A number of supervised learning models, including XGBoost, Random Forest (RF), and a hybrid RF-XGBoost, were used in conjunction with data preprocessing and feature engineering to come up with the

   Petroleum refinery wastewater (PRW) is becoming a big problem for both people and the environment, so researchers have been trying harder to find better ways to treat it. One option that looks really promising is using advanced oxidation processes (AOPs) to break down all the pollutants inside this wastewater. In this study, new-designed photoreactor was used to conduct a photocatalysis approach that aimed to remove the chemical oxygen demand (COD) from PRW collected from Al-Diwaniya refinery in the south of Iraq. The geometrically optimized photoreactor enhances the formation of the free radicals required for efficient degradation by maximizing mass transfer and light dispersion. Bare TiO₂ and SiO₂/TiO₂ were fabricated as pho

يتناول هذا البحث العلاقة بين اتفاقية القضاء على جميع أشكال التمييز ضدّ المرأة (سيداو) والشريعة الإسلامية من منظور قانوني وفقهي مقارن، مع التركيز على التحفظات التي أبدتها الدول العربية والإسلامية، ودراسة حالة التجربة القطرية. يهدف البحث إلى تحليل نقاط التوافق والتعارض بين الإطار الدولي للمساواة الجندرية والمنظومة التشريعية الإسلامية، مع تقويم أثر التحفظات في فعالية الاتفاقية في مجالات الأسرة والجنسية وا

   Given the environmental and health risks posed by sulfur pollutants, their removal and the production of lower sulfur hydrocarbon fuels are essential. Therefore, oxidative desulfurization (ODS) technology has become crucial as it operates efficiently under moderate conditions. This study focused on the synthesis of a (Fe₂O₃ + NiO)/SiO₂ catalyst via incipient wetness impregnation, followed by drying at 120°C and calcination at 600°C. Several tests were performed on the catalyst before its application: BET, TGA, and SEM-EDX. The BET results showed a decrease in surface area from 166.47 to 149.57 m² g⁻¹ after metal loading, confirming the fixation of iron and nickel oxides on the silica support. XRD and FTIR analyses confir

      Nanoporous-SnO₂ films were electrochemically prepared via anodizing of metallic tin electrodeposited on a cylindrical copper substrate using rotating cylinder electrode Technique. The effects of anodizing potential (4-7V), oxalic acid (OA) concentration (0.1-0.5M), time (10-20), and rotation speed (150-450 rpm) on the electrochemical activity of SnO₂ as an anode in degrading methylene blue (MB) were investigated. Results showed that increasing oxalic acid concentration gives better performance in degrading MB while increasing anodizing potential enhanced the electrode activity up to a potential of 5 V beyond which no enhancement of electrode activity towared MB degradation was noted. Longer time of anodizing has o

   Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) are persistent and toxic contaminants that are difficult to remove from complex wastewater because dissolved organic matter, salts, co-pollutants, and membrane fouling reduce treatment efficiency. This study evaluated an integrated adsorption-membrane process for PFAS removal through combined Aspen Plus/MATLAB simulation and bench-scale validation using synthetic complex wastewater. Adsorbent dosage (0.10-1.00 g/L), transmembrane pressure (4-10 bar), and filtration time were investigated. Standalone adsorption was limited by its reduced affinity for short-chain PFAS and by competitive uptake of co-existing dissolved organic matter, whereas standalone nanofiltration was constrained by progre

   Conversion of waste tires and date stones into char through co-pyrolysis is an effective way to safely remove and recycle these materials. This study tested char as a low-cost adsorbent for removing nitrate and phosphate in fixed-bed systems, offering a way to reuse waste tires and date stones. The effects of inlet pollutant concentration (50, 150, and 300 mg/L), flow rate (5, 10, and 15 ml/min), and bed height (5, 10, and 15 cm) on the adsorption system’s breakthrough were measured. Characteristics of char were analyzed via the Fourier transform of infrared (FTIR), Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET), and zeta potential. The fixed-bed analysis demonstrated superior correlation of breakthrough data with both the Yoon-Nelson and Thomas mo

   The cost of raw materials and the production process remain major challenges hindering the expansion of biodiesel production on a large scale. Several technologies have been developed to reduce production costs. This research aims to investigate the energy recovery and economic aspects of biodiesel production from used cooking oil (WCO) using conventional and microwave (batch and continuous) transesterification technology. Used cooking oils are an alternative source of energy, given their high potential for use in biofuels production, especially biodiesel. The production of biodiesel in this study relies on a basic esterification reaction using calcium oxide prepared from willow leaves as a catalyst. The results showed that the opti

   Drilling operations in the Halfaya oilfield frequently encounter severe wellbore instability challenges. When navigating shale deposits, wellbore instability remains the primary operational concern. Based on the analysis of the wellbore instability intervals, low-strength shale and marlstone formations are identified as the principal unstable zones that lead to non-productive time and higher drilling costs. By planning a safe operating mud window, these non-productive times and drilling costs can be mitigated. Several wellbore instability concerns have been found in a southern Iraqi oil field. A problem-diagnostic technique was done by evaluating well log data, drilling reports, mud logging reports, and pore pressure readings. In we

في التاريخ الإسلامي محطات مهمة ناصعة البياض في خضم احداث سياسية غاية في التعقيد والالتباس، كُتب بعضها بالدم، وقد كان لأئمة أهل البيت (عليهم السلام) الدور الأبرز في تحصين الأمة من الانصياع للمخالب التي ارادت لمشعل الرسالة ان يخبو، ولمسيرة الدين من النكوص. في بحثنا هذا سيتم إلقاء بقعة ضوء، على مسيرة الإمام موسى بن جعفر (عليه السلام )؛ بوصفه أحد الأساطين الذين تحملوا عبء الحفاظ على الدِّين من الانحراف، وعل

لا يخفى أن علم أصول الفقه هو عِلم مركّب، استمدّ مادّته من علوم متعددة، أبرزها هو علم الكلام والفقه واللغة، وهو من العلوم الإسلامية الخالصة التي تزداد الحاجة إليه كلما ابتعدنا عن عصر النّصّ؛ لذلك اتسمت أبحاثه بالتطور والتجديد تبعاً لتغير الأزمنة، وهو ما دفع الأصوليين إلى مزج مباحثه بالفلسفة والمنطق للوصول إلى فهم دقيق للنصوص الشرعية بما يلائم المسائل الفقهية المستحدثة، وعليه جاء هذا البحث ليسلط الضوء على ا

The study aimed to measure emotional purity, as well as to explore differences in it according to the variables of gender (male–female), academic level (first–fourth year), and field of specialization (scientific–humanities). The study adopted the descriptive-analytical method. The study instrument, a validated Emotional Purity Scale, was applied to a stratified random sample of 300 male and female students from the University of Baghdad. The results indicated that university students generally possess emotional purity. They also revealed significant differences in emotional purity attributed to gender in favor of females, to academic specialization in favor of humanities students, and to academic level in favor of fourth-year

Polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) is increasingly recognized as a significant health concern among women of reproductive age, exerting its influence on the reproductive system and overall female physiology. Paraoxonase-1 (PON1) gene polymorphism, -108 C >T in the promoter region, have been identified as factors that influence both the stability of the enzyme and its active site. This, in turn, contributes to increase oxidative stress, a recognized risk factor associated with PCOS. This study aimed to investigate the connection between paraoxonase-1-108 C >T gen polymorphisms with PCOS in Iraqi women in a case-control study included 40 women with PCOS and 40 women with normal cycles and no symptoms of

الأهداف: معرفة مدى ملاءمة المتطلبات المناخية وتوفرها لزراعة القطن في العراق، مع بيان المناطق الأكثر ملاءمة وأقلها ملاءمة فضلاً عن المناطق المتوسطة الملاءمة، حيث إن دراسة علاقة المناخ وأثره على زراعة القطن من الموضوعات المهمة، لذا فإن النتائج التي نتوصل إليها من خلال هذه الدراسة تعد مهمة وتخدم الخطط والمشاريع الزراعية في المستقبل وذلك من خلال معرفة أهمية العلاقة بين المناخ وعناصره وزراعة القطن. المنهجية: اع