تُعد قضية اللاجئين جوهر القضية الفلسطينية باعتبارها قضية سياسية وقانونية وإنسانية تؤرق كل فلسطيني، ويتم توارث تداعياتها عبر الأجيال، نظرا لما خلفته من معاناة وتشرد وبؤس وحرمان مازال اللاجئون يعيشونه حتى الآن. تحول إسرائيل  دون عودتهم وهي مسؤولية عن نكبتهم وتهجيرهم بسبب ما تفرضه وتسنه من تشريعات عنصرية ، إضافة إلى انحياز الولايات المتحدة الأمريكية إلى جانب إسرائيل في ظل وهن المجتمع الدولي وسي

Shear and compressional wave velocities, coupled with other petrophysical data, are vital in determining the dynamic modules magnitude in geomechanical studies and hydrocarbon reservoir characterization. But, due to field practices and high running cost, shear wave velocity may not available in all wells. In this paper, a statistical multivariate regression method is presented to predict the shear wave velocity for Khasib formation - Amara oil fields located in South- East of Iraq using well log compressional wave velocity, neutron porosity and density. The accuracy of the proposed correlation have been compared to other correlations. The results show that, the presented model provides accurate

             The study aims budget in grades use of smart phones to individuals (sample) according variable sex (males and females) and used researcher descriptive analytical method consisted sample of (300) students have chosen the way stratified random, and the study variables (academic achievement of students, sex and the use of Smart phones) resolution was adopted as a tool for data collection. The most important results of the study that females are more commonly used for smart phones, as well as the existence of a positive relationship between the inverse statistically significant use of smart phones and the rate of school for students and the use of smart phones h

ان المفاهيم البيولوجية مدخل ثري لطفل الروضة تتيح لهم تعلم العديد من الحقائق والمعلومات، وتعلمها يساعد الأطفال على فهم الكثير من الحقائق التي تثير انتباههم في البيئة وتفسيرها. وتتلخص مشكلة البحث في السؤال: (ما مستوى المفاهيم البيولوجية لدى طفل الروضة؟) وقد هدف البحث الى تعرف:

• المفاهيم البيولوجية لدى أطفال الروضة.

اقتصر مجتمع البحث على أطفال الروضة في محافظة بغداد للمديريات الست كرخ (أولى، ثا

Free cement refractory concrete is a type of refractory concrete with replacing alumina cement by bonding materials such as white kaolin, red kaolin and fumed silica. The free cement refractory concrete used in many applications like Petrochemicals, iron furnaces and cement production industries. The research clarifies the effect of steel fibers with two types crimped steel fibers and hooked steel
fibers with percentages 0.5%, 1% and 1.5% by volume from weight of bauxite aggregates. The additions of steel fibers with two types gave good properties in high temperatures where the specimens keep the dimension without failure and the properties made the best. the percentage of increasing for thermal conductivity was 44% for 1.5% crimped

Efficient cuttings transport and hole cleaning are very important factors for obtaining an effective drilling operation. In an inclined and horizontal drilling, hole cleaning issue is a common and complex problem.

   The scope of this research is to study the drilling parameters which affect hole cleaning in Iraqi directional wells through studying and analyzing some drilled wells ( vertical , directional (30 degree) , directional (60 degree) and horizontal ).An excel sheet is prepared to calculate carrying capacity index which represents an indicator for good hole cleaning in different sections. The study indicated through the field investigations, practical experiences and theoretical calculations tha

 مشكلة البحث:

تعد مناهج كليات التربية العمود الفقري لإعداد مدرسين تربويين تقع على عاتقهم مهمة تربية وتعليم الجيل الذي سيتحمل مسؤولية بناء المجتمع وتطويره من خلال بناء وإعداد الأفراد في العديد من المجالات. ولما كان التغيير والتطوير المستمرين هما من السمات المميزة للعصر الذي نعيش فيه لذا تتطلب العملية التربوية مراجعة مستمرة لمناهجها بغية تقويمها وتطويرها بما يتناسب ومت

This research aims at identifying the level of Moral Awareness and the level of Authoritarian Parenting Style of Secondary School Students in Baghdad. Additionally, the study seeks to identify the significant difference between these two variables in term of gender (male-female), as well as the correlation between Moral Awareness and Authoritarian Parenting Style. To do this, the researchers have adopted the scale of moral awareness prepared by the (Assl 2014), which the number of its items was finalized of (28) items. As for the Authoritarian Parenting Style scale, the researcher designed a questionnaire of (22) items as the number of its finalized form. The two instruments were applied on a sample of (140) male and female Students who

 تستمد هذه الدراسة أهميتها من كونها محاولة بحثية جاءت لتلقي الضوء على الإطارين المفاهيمي والإنشائي لعقد الاستثمار الأجنبي للعقار، وذلك من خلال بيان التعاريف التي تقدم بها الفقه الاقتصادي والفقه القانوني لهذا العقد، والتعرف على الخصائص المميزة له والوقوف على طبيعته القانونية ،ومن ثم الكشف عن الأركان الواجب توافرها لإنشائه، وذلك لقياس مدى كفاية النصوص التشريعية الواردة في القانون الاتحادي رقم 19 لسنة 2018

Reinforcement of refractory castables with steel fibers improves their strength for cracking and spalling and expands the service life.

The results show that raising the temperature from 700°C to 900°C causes an increase in porosityand decrease in bulk density for refractory castables. This happens because of decomposition of the hydraulic bond of alumina cement. When the temperature is raised higher than 900°C, ceramic bond is formed as a result of sol dreaction between alumina cement and bauxite aggregate. This leads to reduction of the porosity ar d aincrease in the bulk density. Steel fibers are affected positively in reducing the porosity ardaincreasing the bulk density for refractory castables. This positi

Noise levels have rapidly increased in recent years, largely due to the proliferation of modern appliances and critical noise sources like engine exhaust mufflers. Controlling muffler-radiated noise could reduce its impact on the surrounding communities. Generally, conventional mufflers utilize expensive sound-absorbing, fibrous, porous materials with high cost and harmful effects. Thus, eco-friendly materials are being used as alternative materials for their lower cost and less effects. The objective of this study is to evaluate natural material fiber's potential as an effective sound absorber in exhaust absorptive mufflers. Also, evaluate an elliptical muffler's performance by studying several factors, including liner

.

This paper adapted the neural network for the estimating of the direction of arrival (DOA). It uses
an unsupervised adaptive neural network with APEX algorithm to extract the principal components
that in turn, are used by Capon method to estimate the DOA, where by the PCA neural network we
take signal subspace only and use it in Capon (i.e. we will ignore the noise subspace, and take the
signal subspace only)

In this paper the finite element method has been used to determine the fundamental natural
frequencies of a pre-twisted plate mounted on the periphery of a rotating disc. Three dimensional,
finite element programs was built using three noded triangular shell element as a discretization
element for cantilever plate, this element has six degrees of freedom at each node. All formulations
and computations are coded in (FORTRAN-77). The investigation covers the effect of speed of
rotation, disc radius, aspect ratio, pre-twist angle and skew angle on the vibration characteristics of
rotating cantilever plate. For this analysis, the initial stress effect (geometric stiffness) and other
rotational effects except the corioles

Tacheometry is used to measure the lengths of traverse sides, to check the more accurate taped distances in order to uncover gross errors or mistakes and to determine differences of elevation between points. It's most general use is found in the compilation of planimetric and topographic maps by field methods alone, by which distances, elevations and directions to points are to be determined from field control points whose positions have been established by a higher order of accuracy. The principles of stadia measurement by use of the transit or theodolite or total station is one of the main method of tacheometry. This paper presents the principles of stadia measurement and a computer program MSM (Modeling the Stadia Measurements). The p

خلق الله سبحانه وتعالى الإنسان وكرمه في الأرض وميزه عن المخلوقات الأخرى، وشرع له كافة الوسائل لحماية كرامته الإنسانية، إلا أنه حتى اليوم مازالت هناك بعض المجتمعات التي تخرق تلك الحماية وتعتدي عليها، فما زلنا حتى تاريخ اليوم نسمع باضطهاد السود في أمريكا وقتل بعض المسلمين في الدول الأجنبية على الرغم من أن هذه الفئات تتمتع بالكرامة الإنسانية.

إن الحفاظ على الكرامة الإنسانية هو حق مقدس ومكفول لجميع الأفرا

This paper proposes a self organizing fuzzy controller as an enhancement level of the fuzzy controller. The adjustment mechanism provides explicit adaptation to tune and update the position of the output membership functions of the fuzzy controller. Simulation results show that this controller is capable of controlling a non-linear time varying system so that the performance of the system improves so as to reach the desired state in a less number of samples.

مشكلة البحث

       لقد حدا بالمهتمين في الميدان التربوي، والادارة التربوية بصورة خاصة، ان يجدوا علاقات ايجابية بين متغيرات الميدان التربوي عامة والاداري بصورة خاصة وقد تمخض هذا عن وجود علاقة ايجابية بين اداء المديرين ورؤساء الاقسام ودرجة التقويم، ومن هنا يتضح انه كلما كان التقويم عالياً في درجته، يتضح ان هناك اداءً فاعلاً ولكن ليس بالشكل الحقيقي لمعنى التقويم ما لم يكن هناك

Abstract

The current research aims to construct a scale for the nine types of students’ personality according to Rob Fitzel model. To do this, (162) items were formed that present the nine types of personality with (18) items for each type. To test the validity of the scale, a sample of (584) students of Al-Mustansrya University were chosen. The data of their responses was analyzed by using factor analysis. The findings explored (9) factors as one factor for each type of personality with (12) items for each one. Then, the reliability of the scale was found by using the test-retest method and Alfa Cronbach method.

Some great families in England had competed for the sake of getting authority and power in England.

This competition turned to be a bloody civil war which extended till 1455 and ended with the victory of Henry Tudor whose judgment in England started from 28^th of August 1458, consequently a new dynast which is known as (the Tudor)has established

The religious shrines , which is one of the most prominent historical monuments and archaeological her in the city of Baghdad Apositive role in documenting the social relations between individuals of different denominations and sects and regions And increase intimacy and harmony among them through mixing and mixing, as well as the fact that the people of the people of Baghdad Civilization and civil and urbanization and historically prone to isolation and extremism and intolerance.

The aim of this study is to detect the prevalence of macroscopic sarcocystosis of 480 wild birds ( 82 Pygmy cormorant, 34 Black Stork, 99Common Gull,74 little Egret, 91Raven and 100 Mallard) were hunted from October 2009 to September 2010 in Al Rashdia areae /Baghdad . The macroscopic infection total was 9.58%. it was regarded to monthly variation. It was 27.5% in February and 2.5% in August. The highest infection rate was in the thorax muscles (6.2%) and the lowest in the neck muscles (1.6%), Also the macroscopic infection rate was higher (13.5%) in males than females (5%).

The disconnected piled raft foundation (DCPRF) is one of the newly introduced foundations for specialization in geotechnical engineering, which significantly reduces the moment and stress on the pile head. In addition, this type of foundation is an ideal choice in areas with seismic activity due to the presence of cushion material between the raft and the piles. This work aims to present a numerical model in PLAXIS 3D software for connected piled raft and disconnected piled raft foundations under the influence of seismic loads and investigate the effect of pore water pressure on the disconnected foundation compared to the connected foundation. The study will depend on the earthquake that struck Iraq in November 2017 in t

This paper presents a computer simulation model of a thermally activated roof (TAR) to cool a room using cool water from a wet cooling tower. Modeling was achieved using a simplified 1-D resistance-capacitance thermal network (RC model) for an infinite slab. Heat transfer from the cooling pipe network was treated as 2-D heat flow. Only a limited number of nodes were required to obtain reliable results. The use of 6^th order RC-thermal model produced a set of ordinary differential equations that were solved using MATLAB - R2012a. The computer program was written to cover all possible initial conditions, material properties, TAR system geometry and hourly solar radiation. The cool water supply was considered time

The coefficient of performance of a window type Air-Conditioner system can be improved if a reduction in the work of compressor can be achieved by a suitable technique. The present study investigates the effect of dispersing a low concentration of TiO2 nanoparticles in the mineral oil based lubricant, as well as on the overall performance of a window type Air-Conditioner system using R22 as the working fluid. An enhancement in the COP of the refrigeration system has been observed and the existence of an optimum volume fraction noticed, with low concentrations of nanoparticles suspended in the mineral oil. Results showed that the average compressor work reduced by 13.3%, which ultimately resulted in an increase of 11.99% in the COP due to

This research examines the impact of construction technology systems in contemporary architectural production through the study of the evolution in it systems, construction materials and methods of construction in addition to the digital revolution which provided possibilities of structural and architectural design in creating a distinct architectural product, as considered construction systems technology is the source of creativity in the architectural product, the research is assumed that the construction systems technology have achieved a structural innovation in production through the materials and methods of construction and digital design.
For Long time technology was connected to the

هدفت هذه الدراسة إلى استنباط الدلالات التربوية  التعبدية والأخلاقية في بعض القواعد الفقهية؛ ومن أجل تحقيق هذا الهدف استخدم البحث المنهج الوصفي وفق المدخل الاستنباطي، وقد تم تحديد ست قواعد فقهية لاستنباط هذه الدلالات وهذه القواعد هي : قاعدة  "درء المفاسد مقدَّم على جلب المصالح"، وقاعدة "الضرر لا يزال بمثله"، وقاعدة "إعمال الكلام أولى من إهماله"، و قاعدة " الـمُـثْبِت مقدَّم على النافي "،و قاعدة " يُغْ

The ground level ozone concentration at different locations in Baghdad city was identified. Five
different sites have been chosen to identify the ground level ozone concentration. Al- Dora and Al-
Za'afarania were chosen as areas contained point source ( power plant station ) in addition to high traffic
load , while Al –Uma park, Aden square and Al-Mawal square were chosen as area contained heavy
traffic only (line source). The measurement focuses on spring and fall because these periods display
favorable meteorology to ozone formation. During the research period the maximum values (peaks) for
ground level ozone concentration were observed at fall: at Al-Za'afarania area 101ppb as an average, at
Al-Dora 87 ppb as a

مشكلة البحث:

بين الحين والآخر تتصاعد الصيحات مطالبة بإصلاح النظام التعليمي لكي يتوافق هذا النظام مع ما يحدث في العالم من تطورات علمية وتكنولوجية تترك بصماتها على مختلف قطاعات الحياة .

ويعد المعلم وبلا شك ركنا أساسيا في هذا النظام ،وذلك لما للمعلم من تأثير أساسي في عملية التعليم والتعلم . ماذا يجدي إذا ما طورنا مناهجنا، واحسنا مباني مدارسنا، وأكثرنا من الوسائل والتقنيات ،ولم نوفر المع

Iron is one of the abundant elements on earth that is an essential element for humans and may be a troublesome element in water supplies.  In this research an AAN model was developed to predict iron concentrations in the location of Al- Wahda water treatment plant in Baghdad city by water quality assessment of iron concentrations at seven WTPs up stream Tigris River. SPSS software was used to build the ANN model. The input data were iron concentrations in the raw water for the period 2004-2011. The results indicated the best model predicted Iron concentrations at Al-Wahda WTP with a coefficient of determination 0.9142. The model used one hidden layer with two nodes and the testing error was 0.834. The ANN model coul