Leishmaniasis is an endemic disease in Iraq, where both forms of the disease, cutaneous and visceral, are found. The effect of Zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) with mean particle size less than 100 nanometer (nm) on viability and growth rate of Leishmania donovani promastigotes was evaluated. The anti-leishmanial activity of different concentrations (0.1, 0.2, 0.4, 0.6, 0.8, and 1 μg/ml) of ZnO NPs was investigated on promastigotes growth rates and viability in comparison to promastigotes exposed to the same concentrations of sodium stibogluconate (Sb) (pentostam).The inhibitory concentrations (IC50s) of ZnO NPs were calculated after 24 , 48 and 72 hr which were (0.871, 0.156 and 0.120 μg/ml) respectively with significant (p< 0.05

    This paper is intended to apply data mining techniques for real Iraqi biochemical dataset to discover hidden patterns within tests relationships. It is worth noting that preprocessing steps take remarkable efforts to handle this type of data, since it is pure data set with so many null values reaching a ratio of 94.8%, then it becomes 0% after achieving these steps. However, in order to apply Classification And Regression Tree (CART) algorithm, several tests were assumed as classes, because of the dataset was unlabeled. Which then enabled discovery of patterns of tests relationships, that consequently, extends its impact on patients’ health, since it will assist in determining test values by performing only relevant

Digital watermarking is a technique that can be used to embed a know piece of digital data (watermark data) within another piece of digital media (media to be protected) to act as a copyright protection and tracing for illegal copies for the digital media.
In recent years, it has been recognize that embedding information in transform domain leads to more robust watermarks, so in this paper wavelet transform used as transformation domain of digital image (i.e. cover image). The main concern of the proposed watermark algorithm in this paper is to embed a watermark text in the selected color image during adaptive wavelet transformation. The embedding of the watermark text (digital 0, 1) makes by separating sequential text into differen

Let R be a prime with characteristic not equal two, σ,τ : RR be two automorphisms of R. and d be a nonzero derivation of R commuting with σ,τ .It is proved that :
1) Assume U ba a(σ,τ)-left Lie ideal of R.
(a) If [U,U], C, and [U,U]=(0) ,then UZ(R).
(b) If [U,U], C, , then UZ(R) .
(c) If (v)+(v)Z(R) , for some vU ,then there exists a nonzero left ideal A of R and a nonzero right ideal B of R such that [R,A], U , [R,B],U but [R,A], Cσ, and [R,B] Cσ, .
(d) If ))0()(()0()(aUdorUad for Ra, then a=0 or (u)+(u)Z(R) , for all uU.
2) If U be a(σ,τ)-Lie ideal of R for ,))(()(,,,CUadorCaUdR

Drastic threat to the natural system is caused by the uncontrolled release of synthetic pollutants, including azo dyes. This study centered on the decolorization and biodegradation of water soluble azo dye reactive blue (RB) in a batch mode sequential anaerobic-aerobic processes. A local sewage treatment plant was the source where activated sludge was collected to be used as non-adapted mixed culture with both free and the alginate immobilized cells for RB biodegradation. Under anaerobic conditions, the free and immobilized mixed cells were proved to completely decolorize 10 mg/ L of RB within 20 and 30 h, respectively. Alginate- immobilized mixed cells, resulted in 88%, 87%, and 87% maximum COD removals with samples con

There are many factors effect on the spread of infectious disease or control it,
some of these factors are (immigration and vaccination). The main objective of this
paper is to study the effect of those factors on the dynamical behavior of an SVIR
model. It is assumed that the disease is spread by contact between members of
populations individuals. While the recovered individuals gain permanent immunity
against the disease. The existence, uniqueness and boundedness of the solution of
this model are investigated. The local and global dynamical behaviors of the model
are studied. The local bifurcations and Hopf bifurcation of the model are
investigated. Finally, in order to confirm our obtained results and specify t

Le signe se pose des problèmes dans la langue espagnole vu qu'il peut se présenter dans de nombreux emplois et avec plusieurs valeurs. Cette diversité d'emplois a suscité de nombreux travaux sur la sémantique et la syntaxe de ce signe, visant à une compréhension approximative de ses valeurs.
La forme se est un signe incomplet sémantiquement. En d'autres termes, elle ne porte pas d'indications lexicales lorsqu'elle survient seule dans un énoncé. De là provient le fait que sa présence est liée à celle d'un syntagme verbal, comme l'affirme ALARCOS : "se es un signo dependiente cuya presencia exige necesariamente la existencia de un sintagma verbal con el que se asocia íntimamente, al igual que los demás llamados «pronomb

المجتمع المدني وديمقراطية التنمية (انموذج المنطقة العربية)

تمثل اتفاقيات جنيف لعام 1949 وبروتوكوليها الاضافيين لعام 1977 عصب الحماية للافراد الذين لا يشاركون في العمليات العدائية او الذين كفوا عن المشاركة فيها. وتكاد تكون معظم دول العالم اطراف في هذه الاتفاقيات ويبلغ عددها 194 دولة طرف[i].  ان هذه الاتفاقيات ترمي بالثقل الاكبر في مسؤوليتها عن احترام وكفالة احترام قواعده على الدول. ويتجسد واجب الاخيرة في الايفاء بالتزاماتها الدولية على صعيدين، الدو

Abstract:
Saudi Arabia and United States long relation could present an important
subject to understand alliance kind in international relations types. We trying
in this study to diagnose and analyze the Saudi Arabia and United States
model to find balance and unbalance statues and its influence on the
directions of Saudi Arabia foreign policy positions.
We divided the study in two parts, each part have many sections. The
first part deal with the historian emergence of Saudi Arabia state and its
development in three stages including its foreign relations with regions and
international powers. While the second part was dedicated in analyzing and
understanding the mechanism and active facts that drawing the Sa

السياسة الخارجية الاسرائيلية تجاه افريقيا بعد انتهاء الحرب الباردة (دراسة حالة اثيوبيا)

To investigate the impact of Enteococcus faecium as probiotic in layer chicks,
this bacteria was given in feed at a dose rate of 1.5 gm per kg feed, each kg of
feed contained 5×1011 cfu along the period of the study (57 days). 150 one day
old males were divided into five groups, 30 males each. The 1st group was given
the probiotic only in the feed, the 2nd group was given the probiotic and exposed
to high temperature and bad ventilation as a stress, and the third group was
given the probiotic with chlortetracycline in feed while the fourth group was
given the probiotic and then infected with E. coli on 21 day of age and the fifth
group was given feed with out probiotic as the control group. The results
showed

An experiment in the semester, the second semester of the academic year (2022-2023), and the data used was not processed (the second test for two independent, inaccurate samples, the Bermon correlation coefficient, and the Spearman correlation coefficient), and the following results were reached: There is a statistically significant difference at the level of ( 0) average, 05) between the third grade who studied the plan for asking cluster questions, and between the average of those who studied the special feature according to the traditional method of selecting achievement, and enjoyed completing the specialization, choosing the experimental group, because the strategy of asking cluster questions is one of the externalities that... Lear

Highlights the role of taxes in being a major source of funding sources internal economic and social development, and then, any decrease in tax revenue caused by tax evasion, for example, would weaken the government's ability to finance their investments and core financing private sector investment as a result of reduced ability to increase their reserves's cash banks, as well as the weakening of the effectiveness of tax evasion taxes as a tool to guide economic activity in the framework of service for development, and to achieve justice. And the statement of the reasons for and methods of evasion mandated to pay the tax due on them, whether legitimately or illegal with the statement of the proposed methods to tackle tax evasion and elimina

This paper examines the decolonizing methods used by Leslie Marmon Silko in her novel Ceremony (1977) to heal the indigenous people from the patriarchal traditions of the white hegemony. This study aims to emphasize the vulnerable responses of the Pueblo people to the memories of the clan and to highlight Silko’s methods to sustain the history and lifestyle of the indigenous people. Therefore, Silko’s novel can be situated historically and culturally within memory-studies. To analyze the contrasting behaviors of characters, this paper projects the relationship between the collective patriarchal doctrines and that of the individual within the framework of memory studies. Theories of Jan and Aleida Assmann are used here to explore the

The massive growth of the automotive industry and the development of vehicles use lead to produce a huge amount of waste tire rubber. Rubber tires are non-biodegradable, resulting in environmental problems such as fire risks. In this search, the flexural behavior of steel fiber reinforced self-compacting concrete (SFRSCC) beams containing different percentages and sizes of waste tire rubbers were studied and compared them with the flexural behavior of SCC and SFRSCC. Micro steel fiber (straight type) with aspect ratio 65 was used in mixes. The replacement of coarse and fine aggregate was 20% and 10% with chip and crumb rubber. Also, the replacement of limestone dust and silica fume was 50%, 25%, and 12% with ground rubbe

Face recognition is a common technique for artificial intelligence and image processing in which machine-learning algorithms automatically recognize a person's face through a huge image collection or even from a live video since there is difficulty in detecting data when using different shots for the same person in a facial recognition system, it takes time to determine person's membership. Furthermore, when working with high-dimensional data, where the 2D-pixel values of facial images, can be computationally challenging, the face recognition problem gets harder, so the current research compares the dimensionality reduction techniques like the principal component analysis algorithm PCA, an unsupervised learning algorithm that reduces dim

Purpose: This research seeks to identify ethical leadership and sustainable performance from a theoretical perspective.

Theoretical Framework: Based on what researchers (Kyalo, 2019) reported, these organizations must adopt one of the leadership styles that helps them enhance their reputation from an ethical standpoint in the society within which they operate.

Design/Methodology/Approach: The study analyses hospital data (2023-2024), using the ethical leadership model with its three components (justice, power sharing, and role clarification) in enhancing sustainable performance with its three components (social performance, economic performance, and environmental performa

Il semble que Khattabi était un linguiste, avec un endroit linguistique pour comprendre les textes de conversations et des mots étranges en particulier. Langue, et chacun avait ses arguments et ses preuves. Ses corrections incluaient la mélodie dans les mouvements, telle qu'une dilution plus serrée, la dilution de l'agitateur, le remplacement d'un autre mouvement, ou une autre rotation des mouvements, et le changement de structure morphologique du mot qui en résultait, ainsi que l'alerte sur les conséquences des lettres, Certaines de ces erreurs sont dues à la langue, et certaines sont considérées comme un type de déformation ou de fausse représentation connue de certains spécialistes, ce qui constitue un précédent louable

The problem of the study and its significance:

           Due to the increasing pressures of life continually, and constant quest behind materialism necessary and frustrations that confront us daily in general, the greater the emergence of a number of cases of disease organic roots psychological causing them because of severity of a lack of response to conventional treatments (drugs), and this is creating in patients a number of emotional disorders resulting from concern the risk of disease

     That is interested psychologists and doctors searchin

Because of the time and expense involved in performing consolidation tests, it is often desirable to obtain approximate values of (C, and C,) by using other soil properties which are more easily determined. The literature contains numerous equations linking soil compressibility to its physical and index properlies. As these equations are often used to obtain preliminary evaluations of (C) and (C,), it is important to know the reliability of these equations.

In this paper an attempt was made to estimate (C, and C.) of Baghdad cohesive soil from other soil properties. A number of commonly used empirical correlation equations that have been developed during the last six decades to estimate (C, and C,) were compiled and evaluated. Th

Hand written recognition problem can be done in two major steps, first by separating each character alone and second by detecting the separated shape to its corresponding like alphabetic letter. A backpropagation neural network found to be a good artificial intelligence algorithm in facing character recognition problem.In this work, backpropagation neural network is used with 3-layers to detect and separate 26 English letter from (A to Z). In addition, a previous steps should be taken to detect the boundaries of each single written letter. Detecting a complete text can be done by separating each character through finding its boundaries, resizing the separated character to be suitable for pre-trained neural network, detecting the hand-wri

Background: Atrophic postoperative and traumatic scarring are common cosmetic problems for patients. Combining CO2 laser ablation with a fractional photothermolysis system in a treatment known as ablative fractional resurfacing fulfilling the new demands for a lesser risk of side effects and minimal or no downtime.Objective: To assess the safety and efficacy of ablation fractional CO2 laser treatments for surgical scarring .methods: Twenty one patient ( 14 women, and 7 men ) with various skin types , I to IV , aged 3 to 48 years , presents with 24 scars between June and December 2012 , four patients excluded from study because they are not continued in follow up , the remaining 17 patient completed all 3 treatments & 6 months follow

Attitude is an important subject that has attracted researchers and thinkers in organizational theory and organizational behavior because of its great importance in various field studies. Field evidence suggests that individuals in their daily lives or careers respond to specific events through a set of internal tendencies Internal tendencies are negative or positive and systematic. These trends tend to be invisible, not limited to certain boundaries, and involve a significant number of individuals within organizations or society.

 The research aims to identify the impact of trends in the ethics of public service workers for individuals, through a sample of (72) doctors and (60) administrative staff

جنبا إلى جنب يسعى القانون إلى حماية حق المساواة وعدم التمييز بأي طريقة كانت، فقد لاحظ "شستاك" أن المساواة وعدم التمييز أمران جوهريان في حركة حقوق الإنسان، هذه الورقة تقدم لمحة عامة عن حق المساواة وعدم التمييز والتطور التاريخي لهذين المفهومين، والمبادئ القانونية للمساواة وعدم التمييز دولية من خلال ميثاق الأمم المتحدة والإعلان العالمي لحقوق الإنسان ونطاق الحق في المساواة وعدم التمييز وحماية حق المساواة قان

ABSTRACT

Learning vocabulary is a challenging task for female English as a foreign language (EFL) students. Thus, improving students’ knowledge of vocabulary is critical if they are to make progress in learning a new language. The current study aimed at exploring the vocabulary learning strategies used by EFL students at Northern Border University (NBU). It also aimed to identify the mechanisms applied by EFL students at NBU University to learn vocabulary. It also aimed at evaluating the approaches adopted by EFL female students at Northern Border University (NBU) to learn a language. The study adopted the descriptive-analytical method. Two research instruments were developed to collect data namely, a survey qu

الدور السياسي للاحزاب الاسلامية في تركيا

ملخـــص البحــــث

     ان موضوعة "آيات الأحكام" هو أحد الموضوعات التي اهتم بها العلماء عمومًا ، رضي الله عنهم في العصور القديمة والحديثة. وقد كتب الباحثون الكثير منهم ، وقد تم النظر في كثير منهم وتقييمها في الدراسات اللاحقة. والشيخ جمال الدين المقداد بن عبد الله السيوري المعروف باسم فاضل السيوري والفاضل المقداد الذي تمتع بنصيب واقر من الشهرة وهذا واضحاً في نسخه ال