Islamic shrines architecture is one of the Islamic Architectural building types. It is called (Thresholds); (Atabat) in Arabic. Thoroughbred throughout the Islamic world from the east to west. In addition, it carries the style features and peculiarities of uniqueness from the rest of the types of Islamic architecture. By virtue of the particularity of its function as tomb for important person in Islamic history. Islamic shrines architecture has grown and evolved in started from the small shrines, and then taken to widen with the evolution of time in line with the value of the event and the rituals associated with it. Some of them to became centers of large cities of the largest in many parts of the Islamic world.

The exchanges in various fields,like economics, science, culture, etc., have been enhanced unceasingly among different countries around the world in the twenty-first century, thus, the university graduate who masters one foreign language does not meet the need of the labor market in most countries.So, many universities began to develop new programs to cultivate students who can use more foreign languages to serve the intercultural communication. At the same time, there is more scientific research emerged which is related to the relationship between the second and third languages. This humble research seeks to explain the relevant concepts and analyze the real data collected from Shanghai International Studies University in China, to expl

The representations of the Holy in Christian painting Art represents a penalty of eternal relationship between any human society and sacred representations and forms that he belives in what is characterized by its clear tendency to knowledge and aclear focus on the spiritual experience that make up the human relationship with holy spirit and essence. Search has ment to study the forms of its presence in the art work of the middle ages.Research involved four shapters .first chapter includes research problem which centered around the following question;what is holy ? whats its represetations in Christian painting? And the importance and need of the study .and the goal of research and definitaions of the terms of research.Second chapter con

Flexible job-shop scheduling problem (FJSP) is one of the instances in flexible manufacturing systems. It is considered as a very complex to control. Hence generating a control system for this problem domain is difficult. FJSP inherits the job-shop scheduling problem characteristics. It has an additional decision level to the sequencing one which allows the operations to be processed on any machine among a set of available machines at a facility. In this article, we present Artificial Fish Swarm Algorithm with Harmony Search for solving the flexible job shop scheduling problem. It is based on the new harmony improvised from results obtained by artificial fish swarm algorithm. This improvised solution is sent to comparison to an overall best

The study aims at investigating the effectiveness of the Virtual Library Technology, in developing the achievement of the English Language Skills in the Center of Development and Continuous Education, in comparison with the individual learning via personal computer to investigate the students' attitude towards the use of both approaches. The population of the study includes the participants in the English Language course arranged in the Center. The sample includes 60 students who were randomly chosen from the whole population (participants in English Courses for the year 2009-2010). The sample is randomly chosen and divided into two experimental groups. The first group has learned through classroom technology; while the other group has l

Das Verhaltnis des assimilierten arabischen VIII Stammes zum akkadischen

Abstract

              The current research sought to demonstrate the effect of material flow cost accounting on reducing products through the application of material flow cost accounting technique, which works on the optimal utilization of materials and energy and the reduction of environmental impacts.The research aims to clarify the knowledge foundations for material flow cost accounting, in addition to studying the material flow cost accounting technique that helps reduce the cost of products and make them environmentally friendly. To achieve this, the research relied on the descriptive approach with regard to the theoretical aspect of the resea

  A.R. Ammons's  Garbage is a unique poem in all measures, starting from the title to the subject matter of the poem.  Though it discusses the ecological repercussion of waste management, the long poem is written to shed light on the correlation between language\poetry and garbage. The paper argues that in his examination of language\poetry and garbage as both reflectors of human life and experience, Ammons claims that redemption is possible through both language and garbage by scrutinizing human experience whether low or high, mundane or sacred. This paper tries to examine Ammons's  efforts to use the farfetched metaphor of garbage to discuss language and poetry-writing.  

In light of what constitutes the cultural factor from a great importance in the context of the incorporation of an active and participant civil society in the process of democracy- building and the achievement of political development, this article tries to look at the concept of the political culture and the civil society with the stand on the nature of existing relationship between them in its theoretical part, then the move to dissection of the civil society crisis in Algeria under the prevalent cultural values for understanding the relationship between the two variables in its empirical part, as a step towards the detection on the pivoting of democratic values in activating the political participation and attainment the democratic co