This study involved preparation of Graphene oxide (GO) and reduced graphene oxide (RGO) using Hummer method and chemical method respectively. These carbon nanomaterials were used as starting material to make novel functionalize with thiocarbohydrazide (TCH) which was prepared by reacting CS2 with hydrazine to form GO or RGO- 4-amino,5-substituted 1H,1,2,4 Triazole 5(4H) thion (ASTT) ,(GOT) and( RGOT) respectively via cyclocondensation reaction. Also MnO2 nanorod was prepared to form hybridized with GOT and RGOT. A commercial multiwall carbon nanotube (MWCNT) and functionalization with carboxylic groups' (f-MWCNT) and its nanocomposite with GOT were also prepared. All carbon nanomaterials were characterized with different techniques such as Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), atomic force microscope (AFM) scanning electron microscope (SEM) and elemental analysis. XRD showed presence diffraction peak at 11.95 for GO and this diffraction disappeared for RGO. Diffraction peak of crystal planes for MnO2 matched well with standard data. The diameter of MnO2 nanotubes was determined using Debye scherrer equation and found to be 11.6nm corresponding with AFM image. The AFM images proves the growth of MnO2 nanotubes from the MnO2 nano spherical shape these images are very rare in the scientific literature. The real permittivity (ε'), imaginary permittivity (ε") and a.c conductivity (S.m-1) of all nanomaterials were measured by LCR meter at frequencies ranging from 100Hz to 100 KHz. The result showed the values of the real permittivity for RGO higher than GO at all frequencies while RGOTM have lower values of real permittivity at low frequency due to presence of MnO2 nanorods which affected the accumulation of charges. The imaginary permittivity of f-MWCNT-GOT and RGO were at low frequency higher than the real values due to their high conductivity. Also imaginary permittivity of f-MWCNT-GOT nanocomposites at all frequencies higher than real which have negative values at frequencies in range 400 to 4KHz .a.c conductivity for RGO and f-MWCNT-GOT nanocomposite have higher values compared with all prepared nanomaterial, at the same time the modified WE with f-MWCNT-GOT nanocomposite show the best detection limits in comparison with other prepared modified WE. Also the prepared nanomaterials were used to study novel sensing system and develop electrochemical sensor capable of detecting some of antibiotics such as Ampicillin (AMP), Amoxilline (AMOX) which have β-lactam ring and Tetracycline (TET) which contains four hydrocarbon rings using cyclic voltammetry (CV) technique via modification of the working electrode of the SPCE with the prepared nanomaterial by deposition process. f-MWCNT-GOT/SPCE nanocomposite showed higher electrochemical reaction response and lower limit of detection. The working electrodes surfaces were studied with AFM and SEM techniques. The value of apparent heterogeneous electron transfer rate constant (ks) was determined using the value of electron transfer coefficient (α) and the result showed that f-MWCNT-GOT/SPCE showed higher (ks).
In this research, we did this qualitative and quantitative study in order to improve the assay of aspirin colorimetrically using visible spectrophotometer. This method depends on aqueous hydrolysis of aspirin and then treating it with the ferric chloride acidic solution to give violet colored complex with salicylic acid, as a result of aspirin hydrolysis, which has a maximum absorption at 530nm. This procedure was applied to determine the purity of aspirin powder and tablet. The results were approximately comparative so that the linearity was observed in the high value of both correlation coefficient (R= 0.998) and Determination Coefficient or Linearity (R2= 0.996) while the molar absorpitivity was 1.3× 103 mole
Fatigue cracking is the most common distress in road pavement. It is mainly due to the increase in the number of load repetition of vehicles, particularly those with high axle loads, and to the environmental conditions. In this study, four-point bending beam fatigue testing has been used for control and modified mixture under various micro strain levels of (250 μƐ, 400 μƐ, and 750 μƐ) and 5HZ. The main objective of the study is to provide a comparative evaluation of pavement resistance to the phenomenon of fatigue cracking between modified asphalt concrete and conventional asphalt concrete mixes (under the influence of three percentage of Silica fumes 1%, 2%, 3% by the weight of asphalt content), and (chan
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Background: Dental caries is one of the most significant problems in world health care. Restoring carious primary teeth is one of the major treatment goals for Children, and the light activated resin restoration materials like composite, resin-modified glass ionomer and polyacid-modified which was introduced in dentistry in 1970, widely used in clinical dentistry but its application increased dramatically in recent years because of its biocompatibility, color matching, good adhesive properties of its resemblance in physical and mechanical aspects to tooth. The aim of this study: To evaluate the microleakage of Polyacid-Modified Composite resin Compared to Flowable Hybrid Composite and Resin-Modified Glass ionomer cement. Materials and me
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Metalloendo peptidase is a neutral endopeptidase that cleaves peptides at the amino side of hydrophobic residues and inactivates several peptide hormones, including atrial natriuretic factor, giucagon, enkephalin, substance p, neurotensin, oxytocin, and bradykinin. It is also a major enzyme for the degradation of beta-amyloid. This study aimed to measure enzyme activity and compare it with other biochemical changes in sera patients with diabetic nephropathy. The study included 35 pathological samples of people with diabetic nephropathy, 24 samples from males and 11 samples from females, as well as the same number of healthy people as a comparison group of 15 males, 20 females, with the ages of both groups of patients with diabetic nephropat
... Show MoreThis study is an attempt to find whether arginine metabolism dysregulation by arginase activity is related to hyperglycemia, followed by changes in nitric oxide (NO) generation in type 2 diabetic patients. This study includes 42 control subjects (Group I), and 92 Iraqi patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). The patient group was subdivided into two groups: Group II (54) with T2DM only and Group III (38) with T2DM and dyslipidemia (who were treating with atorvastatin along with diabetes treatment). The samples were obtained to measure arginase activity and NO levels. Serum arginase activity increased significantly in patients(groupII and groupIII) compared to control group. While serum NO level was significantly lower in diabetic pa
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Abstract: Tin oxide thin films were deposited by direct current (DC) reactive sputtering at gas pressures of 0.015 mbar – 0.15 mbar. The crystalline structure and surface morphology of the prepared SnO2 films were introduced by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and atomic force microscopy (AFM). These films showed preferred orientation in the (110) plane. Due to AFM micrographs, the grain size increased non-uniformly as the working gas pressure increased.
The [2-hydroxy-1, 2-diphynel-ethanone oxime] was reacted with 1, 2-dichloroethan to give the new ligand [H2L]. this ligand was reacted with some metal ions (Co (II), Ni (II), Cu (II), Zn (II) and Cd (II) in methanol as a solvent to give a series of new (1: 1) complexes of the general formula [M (HL)] Cl,(where: M= Co (II), Ni (II), Cu (II), Zn (II) and Cd (II)) are isolated All compounds have been characterized by spectroscopic methods [IR, UV-Vis] atomic absorption. Chloride content along with conductivity measurements. From the above data the proposed molecular structure for (Co, Cu, Ni, Zn and Cd) complexes adopting a tetrahedral structure
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