This research aims to clarify the conceptual framework of social entrepreneurship shows the importance of the development of social entrepreneurship according to the contextual aspects and the social value achieved from these works. It also identifies the degree of level of a sample of women entrepreneurs in Iraq for the extent of the relationship between social entrepreneurship and women's empowerment. It also explains the impact of entrepreneurial work in empowering women and the extent to which there are individual differences between the average scores of the sample members’ estimation of the level of social entrepreneurship according to social status, age group, educational qualification, and specialization according to the scale of Bag, Bahn & Mc Cline (2000) which included (8) variables, (4) of which were selected for the current research (realization of the pioneering opportunity, creativity, risk taking, proactiveness) at a rate of (5) items for each variable making the total items 20. The second part measures the level of women's empowerment according to Hashemi and Schuler (1993), which included (7) variable and for the current research, (4) were selected: the sense of the self, economic security, the development of pioneering behavior in the public sphere, and participation in decision-making. At the rate of (4) items for each variable, so that the total number of the items of the second part becomes (16). A questionnaire was distributed to (63) female entrepreneurs who were randomly selected in the field of social work. The level of women's empowerment was high. Also, social entrepreneurship had a significant impact on the women's empowerment index, especially in the light of the Corona crisis. The results of the study showed that there is a direct relationship between the degree of appreciation of the members of the sample for the level of social entrepreneurship, and the degree of their appreciation for the level of women’s empowerment. They also revealed that there are differences between the average degrees of the respondents’ assessment of the level of social entrepreneurship due to demographic variables. The study recommended that the priorities of the public business agenda should focus on the requirements of attention social entrepreneurship projects for both sexes, especially women, because of their positive impact on various social, economic and political aspects.
The energy expectation values for Li and Li-like ions ( , and ) have been calculated and examined within the ground state and the excited state in position space. The partitioning technique of Hartree-Fock (H-F) has been used for existing wave functions.
Realizing robust interconnectivity in a rapidly changing network topology is a challenging issue. This problem is escalating with the existence of constrained devices in a vehicular environment. Several standards have been developed to support reliable communication between vehicular nodes as the IEEE 1609 WAVE stack. Mitigating the impact of security/mobility protocols on limited capability nodes is a crucial aspect. This paper examines the burden of maintaining authenticity service that associated with each handover process in a vehicular network. Accordingly, a network virtualization-based infrastructure is proposed which tackles the overhead of IEEE 1906 WAVE standard on constrained devices existed in vehicular network. The virtualized
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The significance fore supra topological spaces as a subject of study cannot be overstated, as they represent a broader framework than traditional topological spaces. Numerous scholars have proposed extension to supra open sets, including supra semi open sets, supra per open and others. In this research, a notion for ⱨ-supra open created within the generalizations of the supra topology of sets. Our investigation involves harnessing this style of sets to introduce modern notions in these spaces, specifically supra ⱨ - interior, supra ⱨ - closure, supra ⱨ - limit points, supra ⱨ - boundary points and supra ⱨ - exterior of sets. It has been examining the relationship with supra open. The research was also enriched with many
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Silver-bismuth iodide (ABI) ternary semiconductors, such as AgBi2I7, AgBiI4, Ag2BiI5, and Ag3BiI6, have emerged as promising lead-free light absorbers for photovoltaic applications due to their favorable optoelectronic properties. Despite recent advances that have improved power conversion efficiencies from ∼1% to over 5%, ABI-based solar cells still show substantial open-circuit voltage (VOC) losses of up to ∼1 V, which significantly hinder the device performance. These losses have been experimentally attributed to the non-radiative recombination originating from intrinsic defects, however, theoretical understanding of these defect mechanisms remains limited. Here, using density functional theory calculations, we systematical
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There is no doubt that the project control function is very important for administration, so the project Management depends on to monitor and control the project. The project control integrated to the planning which is the base of the administration functions; planning, organizing, directing, and controlling. Without project control cannot be insure to fulfill the plan of the project by the budget and specified time. The project management apply many methods of control to achieve the goals of project which are cost, time, and required specifications. Earned Value Management one of control methods that used in the project by international companies.
Earned Value Method is used in the project o
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Background: There are various secreted proteins affecting the prognosis of oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) and one of them is Angiopoietin-2(Ang-2) which is thought to have an essential role in the development and progression of the tumor. Aim of the study: This study was conducted to determine the expression of (Ang-2) in (OSCC) to assess its correlations with clinicopathological parameters of the tumor. Material and Methods: 36 formalin- fixed, paraffin- embedded tissue blocks histologically diagnosed as OSCC were examined for Ang-2 immunohistochemical expression semi quantitively. Results: The expression of Ang-2 was significantly associated with histopathological grade (P value=0.023), while there is no significant association wi
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In this paper, a method for hiding cipher text in an image file is introduced . The
proposed method is to hide the cipher text message in the frequency domain of the image.
This method contained two phases: the first is embedding phase and the second is extraction
phase. In the embedding phase the image is transformed from time domain to frequency
domain using discrete wavelet decomposition technique (Haar). The text message encrypted
using RSA algorithm; then Least Significant Bit (LSB) algorithm used to hide secret message
in high frequency. The proposed method is tested in different images and showed success in
hiding information according to the Peak Signal to Noise Ratio (PSNR) measure of the the
original ima
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