Osteoporosis (OP) is asymptomatic disease until the experience of falls or impacts that cause broken bones or fractures happened. Estrogen deficiency, abnormality in bone matrix components and interleukins expression can impact on bone homeostasis which gradually paved to osteoclastogenesis over activation leading to bone loss. A current case-control study was designed to explain the alteration in certain biochemicals, bone matrix components, immunological and molecular parameters that which accompanied with OP in the postmenopausal women. The period of study's investigation was from December 2022 to July 2023. All participants provided written informed consent, and the study was approved by Department of Biology, College of Science, University of Baghdad Ethical Council (Reference code CSEC/0922/0092, on 26-9-2022). One hundred and ten postmenopausal women were randomly chosen to participate in this study based on specific criteria from Al-Wasity Hospital, Medical City and Al- Imamein Kadhimein Medical City Hospitles, Baghdad, Iraq. The age of the participants was ranged from 45 to 70 years. Firstly, Dual Energy X-ray Absorptiometry (DEXA) scan was performed to all participants in order to assess the precence or abscense of OP disease. Out of 110 samples, 70 samples were confirmed with OP. Meanwhile, 40 samples were control. Venous blood samples were collected from all participants to estimated compelet blood count (CBC), immunological parameters as C-Reactive Protein (CRP), Rheumatoid Facter (RF), Anticyclical Citrullinated Peptide Antibody (ACPA), Interleukin-8 (IL8), Interleukin (IL-17), and Interleukins-22 (IL-22) using enzyme link immunosorbent assay (ELISA) technique, Parathyroid Hormone (PTH), and Calicum (Ca+2), bone matrix component parameters osteopontin (OPN), osteocalicn (OCN), and osteonectin (ON), in addition to,Osteopontin gene SNP rs11730582 polymorphism was determined by the Hight Resolution Melting (HRM) analysis. Highly significant (P≤0.01) decrease in WBC count (6.30±0.18 k/mcL) and HGB (9.900±0.132 g/dL) were observed in OP patients as when compared with the control group, WBC was (8.26±0.27k/mcL) and HGB was (13.321±0.287 g/dL), Conversely, highly significant (P≤0.01) increase was recorded in ESR (43.73±1.76 mm/hr), PLT (437.88±7.00 1083/uL) in OP patients in compare with control, (21.10±1.25mm/hr), and (226.79±9.39 1083/uL), respectively. However, highly significant (P≤0.01) increase was noticed in immunological parameters: CRP was (18.26±1.33 pg/ml), RF (IU/ml) results were positive, and ACPA was (23.26±2.74EU/ml) in OP patients when compared with control, CRP (2.92±0.18 pg/ml), RF (IU/ml) results were negative, and ACPA was (6.26±0.56 EU/ml). Beside to, highly significant (P≤0.01) increase was recorded in IL-8 serum level (249.08 ±19.98ng/ml), IL-17 (107.862±9.25ng/ml), and IL-22 (57.73±2.47 ng/ml) in OP patients as compared with the healthy control group were IL-8 (65.29 ± 5.62 ng/ml), IL-17 (46.135 ± 8.66 ng/ml) and IL-22 (13.57 ± 3.16 ng/ml). The mean PTH serum level of OP patients group was (77.80±1.79pg/mL) and in control group was (35.81±2.06pg/mL), whereas a highly significant (P≤0.01) decrease in mean of Ca⁺² serum level was recorded in OP patients (4.89±0.21 mmol/L) in compared with control group (9.63±0.13 mmol/L). Additionally, high significant (P≤0.01) increase was detected in OPN serum level (16.88±0.77 ng/ml) and OCN (29.86±2.25ng/ml) in OP patients as compared with the healthy control group (5.95±0.41ng/ml and 10.73±0.86ng/ml), respectively. In contrast, ON serum level recorded a highly significant (P≤0.01) decrease in the patient group (1.78±0.971ng/ml) compared with the control group (3.42±0.20ng/ml). The frequency of homozygote TT genotype in patient's analysis was, (14.3%), (10/70) than control group (27.5%), (11/40). While, the frequency heterozygote TC and homozygote mutant CC genotypes were [TC= (71.42%) 50/70 and CC= 14.3% (10/70)] and these genotypes frequency were not significantly differet from those of the control group, (TC= 60%, (24/40), and (CC= 12.5% 5/40). P-value was different (0.0158) significantly in genotype distribution of rs11730582 polymorphism in OP patients whereas, the P-value of rs11730582 was (0.1500) non-significant in control group. In conclusion, this study found that OPN, OCN, and ON protein act as a sensitive monitoring indicator can be used in early detection of osteoporosis. And because of the capacity to activate osteoclastogenesis and promote bone resorption, IL-8, IL-17, IL-22 and rs11730582 of OPN gene polymorphism may be serve as a biomarkers, pro-inflammatory and immune-stimulating factors in OP development.
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Toxoplasma gondiiis an obligate intracellular protozoan parasite of the phylum Apicomplexa, and toxoplasmosis is an important disease of both humans and economically important animals. With a limited array of drugs available there is a need to identify new therapeutic compounds. Aureobasidin A (AbA) is an antifungal that targets the essential inositol phosphorylceramide (IPC, sphingolipid) synthase in pathogenic fungi. This natural cyclic depsipeptide also inhibits
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A new optoelectronic flow injection method is proposed for the determination of ferrous ions (Fe 2+ ) based on thiocyanate complexation to form a deep-red FeSCN 2+ complex.
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Long before the pandemic, labour force all over the world was facing the quest of incertitude, which is normal and inherent of the market, but the extent of this quest was shaped by the pace of acceleration of technological progress, which became exponential in the last ten years, from 2010 to 2020. Robotic process automation, work remote, computer science, electronic and communications, mechanical engineering, information technology digitalisation o public administration and so one are ones of the pillars of the future of work. Some authors even stated that without robotic process automation (RPA) included in technological processes, companies will not be able to sustain a competitive level on the market (Madakan et al, 2018). R
... Show MoreWeibull Distribution is one of most important distribution and it is mainly used in reliability and in distribution of life time. The study handled two parameter and three-parameter Weibull Distribution in addition to five –parameter Bi-Weibull distribution. The latter being very new and was not mentioned before in many of the previous references. This distribution depends on both the two parameter and the three –parameter Weibull distributions by using the scale parameter (α) and the shape parameter (b) in the first and adding the location parameter (g)to the second and then joining them together to produce a distribution with five parameters.
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Controls Scanning on the slippers a study fiqhiat Comparison
The subject of this research is an important topic, which is frequently repeated, and people need to know its wisdom, and has made it in front and the preface and three detectives, showed through discussion the meaning of the survey on the socks, its wisdom, its rules and conditions, and the duration of the survey on it, spoiled and reasoned and compared to the doctrinal doctrines, And the most correct statement of words I have concluded with a number of things, as follows:
- The need to ensure that the slippers are clean, visible and inwa
The reaction oisolated and characterized by elemental analysis (C,H,N) , 1H-NMR, mass spectra and Fourier transform (Ft-IR). The reaction of the (L-AZD) with: [VO(II), Cr(III), Mn(II), Co(II), Ni(II), Cu(II), Zn(II), Cd(II) and Hg(II)], has been investigated and was isolated as tri nuclear cluster and characterized by: Ft-IR, U. v- Visible, electrical conductivity, magnetic susceptibilities at 25 Co, atomic absorption and molar ratio. Spectroscopic evidence showed that the binding of metal ions were through azide and carbonyl moieties resulting in a six- coordinating metal ions in [Cr (III), Mn (II), Co (II) and Ni (II)]. The Vo (II), Cu (II), Zn (II), Cd (II) and Hg (II) were coordinated through azide group only forming square pyramidal
... Show MoreA new azo (LH) ligand was prepared by coupling reaction between, diazonium salt of Sulfamethoxazole, and 8-hydroxyquinoline in a process called diazotization process resulting in azo-ligand [4-((8-hydroxyquinolin-7-yl)- N(4-methylisoxazol-3-yl) benzene sulfonamide]. The azo ligand was identified by using spectroscopic techniques to detect and characterize the formation of ligand and complexes of Ni2+, Pt4+, Pd2+, and Rh3+ metal ions, and to determine the chelating behavior of ligand and also its bind position. All complexes have a [1:1] [M-ligand] ratio and all complexes are nonelectrolytes and most of the complexes have octahedral geometry, while Pd2+complex gave square planer geometry and Ni2+ complex indicate tetrahedral geometry. Therma
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