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Remote sensing analysis: A decade of water surface changes in Lake Hamrin, Iraq
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The study of Lake Hamrin is of enormous importance in understanding changes in water levels and their impact on the local environment. It helps to clarify the role of climatic and human factors in the decline of its water resources from 2013 to 2023 in order to ensure sustainable solutions. Satellite imagery from Landsat 8 is used, and processing is performed using ArcGIS Pro and ENVI. The normalized vegetation index (NDVI) is applied to show the changes in the vegetation cover and reveal the amount of change in the surface water area of the lake. It is noted that the water area changes in one year as it increases in the rainy season and decreases in the summer, and it also varies from one year to another with the difference in the amount of rainfall. In March 2019, the largest area of the water surface of Hemrin Lake appeared, as the water surface area of the lake reached 326.87190 km² due to the increase in rainfall this year. It is noted that the lake's water area decreased during the rainy season due to the lack of rain, as the lake's water area decreased to 121.52340 km² in January 2021, while the smallest area of Hemrin Lake's water surface is reached in October 2021, as the lake's water surface area reached 28.79910 km², and the surface water area became 59.23530 km² in February 2022 due to the lack of rain during this year. In 2023, a relative increase in the lake's water area began to appear due to the return of seasonal rains this year, reaching 80.88570 km² in April, which proves to us that the change in rainfall in the region is one of the main reasons for the change in the area and water level in Hemrin Lake. The values of the earth's surface temperature are also revealed, and these values varied in the study area according to the different elements of the earth's surface and differed from one season to another and from one year to another. It is natural for the surface temperature of Hemrin Lake to rise in the summer and decrease in the winter. As the smallest area of the lake's water surface is 28.79910 km², the value of the lake's water surface temperature reached 24.9°C in October 2021. It is assumed that the area and water level of the lake decrease with the rise in temperature, but in August 2023, when the lake's water surface temperature is 31.9742°C, the lake's water surface area reached 69.75360 km². The main reasons for the decline in the water levels of Hemrin Lake are the lack of rainfall in recent years due to climate change and the lack of water releases from Lake Darbandikhan due to the lack of water coming to it from the Iranian side, as well as the significant decline in the waters of the Alwend River due to its interruption by the Iranian side due to the construction of dams and the change in its course and the cessation of its flow in the summer.

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Publication Date
Tue Jun 01 2021
Journal Name
Journal Of The College Of Languages (jcl)
A Feminist Discourse Analysis of Writer's Gender Biases about Violence Against Women
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    The present study is concerned with the writer's ideologies towards violence against women. The study focuses on analyzing violence against women in English novel to see the extent the writers are being affected and influenced by their genders. It also focuses on showing to what extent the writer's ideologies are reflected in their works. Gender influences social groups ideologies; therefore, when a writer discusses an issue that concerns the other gender, they will be either subjective or objective depending on the degree of influence, i.e., gender has influenced their thoughts as well as behaviors. A single fact may be presented differently by different writers depending on the range of a

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Publication Date
Mon Sep 23 2019
Journal Name
Periodicals Of Engineering And Natural Sciences (pen)
Buckling analysis of reinforced composite plates with a multiwall carbon nanotube (MWCNT)
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Publication Date
Wed Feb 01 2023
Journal Name
Baghdad Science Journal
Synthesis, Characterization, and Thermal Analysis of a New Acidicazo Ligand's Metal Complexes
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The researchers wanted to make a new azo imidazole as a follow-up to their previous work. The ligand 4-[(2-Amino-4-phenylazo)-methyl]-cyclohexane carboxylic acid as a derivative of trans-4-(aminomethyl) cyclohexane carboxylic acid diazonium salt, and synthesis a series of its chelate complexes with metalions, characterized these compounds using a variety technique, including elemental analysis, FTIR, LC-Mass, 1H-NMRand UV-Vis spectral process as well TGA, conductivity and magnetic quantifications. Analytical data showed that the Co (II) complex out to 1:1 metal-ligand ratio with square planner and tetrahedral geometry, respectively while 1:2 metal-ligand ratio in the Cu(II), Cr(III), Mn(II), Zn(II), Ru(III)and Rh(III)complexes

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Publication Date
Mon Jan 02 2023
Journal Name
Baghdad Science Journal
Synthesis, Characterization, and Thermal Analysis of a New Acidicazo Ligand's Metal Complexes
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The researchers wanted to make a new azo imidazole as a follow-up to their previous work. The ligand 4-[(2-Amino-4-phenylazo)-methyl]-cyclohexane carboxylic acid as a derivative of trans-4- (aminomethyl) cyclohexane carboxylic acid diazonium salt, and synthesis a series of its chelate complexes with metalions, characterized these compounds using a variety technique, including elemental analysis, FTIR, LC-Mass, 1H-NMRand UV-Vis spectral process as well TGA, conductivity and magnetic quantifications. Analytical data showed that the Co (II) complex out to 1:1 metal-ligand ratio with square planner and tetrahedral geometry, respectively while 1:2 metal-ligand ratio in the Cu(II), Cr(III), Mn(II), Zn(II), Ru(III)and Rh(III)complexes with octahed

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Publication Date
Wed Mar 18 2020
Journal Name
Baghdad Science Journal
A Hybrid Method of Linguistic and Statistical Features for Arabic Sentiment Analysis
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          Sentiment analysis refers to the task of identifying polarity of positive and negative for particular text that yield an opinion. Arabic language has been expanded dramatically in the last decade especially with the emergence of social websites (e.g. Twitter, Facebook, etc.). Several studies addressed sentiment analysis for Arabic language using various techniques. The most efficient techniques according to the literature were the machine learning due to their capabilities to build a training model. Yet, there is still issues facing the Arabic sentiment analysis using machine learning techniques. Such issues are related to employing robust features that have the ability to discrimina

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Publication Date
Wed May 10 2023
Journal Name
Journal Of Engineering
Vibration Control Analysis of a Smart Flexible Cantilever Beam Using Smart Material
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This paper features the modeling and design of a pole placement and output Feedback control technique for the Active Vibration Control (AVC) of a smart flexible cantilever beam for a Single Input Single Output (SISO) case. Measurements and actuation actions done by using patches of piezoelectric layer, it is bonded to the master structure as sensor/actuator at a certain position of the cantilever beam.
The smart structure is modeled based on the concept of piezoelectric theory, Bernoulli -Euler beam theory, using Finite Element Method (FEM) and the state space techniques. The number of modes is reduced using the controllability and observability grammians retaining the first three
dominant vibratory modes, and for the reduced syste

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Publication Date
Mon Nov 01 2021
Journal Name
Chaos, Solitons & Fractals
Dynamic analysis of a harvested fractional-order biological system with its discretization
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Publication Date
Thu Jun 16 2022
Journal Name
Comparative Parasitology
A Comparative Study of Some Intestinal Parasites in Fecal Samples of Domestic and Stray Cats in Baghdad, Iraq
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Some feline intestinal parasites such as Toxocara, Giardia, and Cryptosporidium can spread to humans through feces. Therefore, it is important to prevent exposure of family members by screening cat fecal samples twice per year for potential treatment regimes. This study was initiated to compare and identify gastrointestinal parasites of domestic and stray cats (Felis domesticus) in Baghdad City, Iraq. Parasite eggs and oocysts were identified under light microscopy by applying standard laboratory techniques (flotation and sedimentation). Overall, 59 of 121 (48.7%) fecal samples were positive for intestinal parasites. The rate of infection by Toxoplasma gondii was (3.31%), Isospora spp. (6.61%), Cryptosporidium spp. (31.4%), and Toxocara spp

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Publication Date
Sun Sep 01 2019
Journal Name
Baghdad Science Journal
Studies on Surface Morphology and Electrical Conductivity of PS Thin Films in Presence of Divalent Complexes
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       Optical properties and surface morphology of pure and doped Polystyrene films with different divalent metals of Zn, Cu and Sn and one concentration percentage have been studied. Measurements of UV-Vis spectrophotometer and AFM spectroscopy were determined. The absorbance, transmittance and reflectance spectrums were used to study different optical parameters such as absorption coefficient, refractive index, extinction coefficient and energy gap in the wavelengths rang 200-800nm. These parameters have increased in the presence of the metals. The change in the calculated values of energy gaps with doping metals content has been investigated in terms of PS matrix structural modification. The value of opt

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Publication Date
Sun Mar 18 2018
Journal Name
Mustansiria Dental Journal
The Effect of Pepsi Cola Beverage on Surface Roughness of Two Composite Resins (In Vitro study)
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An acidic environment causes surface changes of resin composites. Filler particlesize and filler distribution also have a direct effect on these surface changes. This invitro study evaluated the influence of Pepsi Cola drink on the surface roughness ofComposan LCM and Composan Ceram over time. Sixteen disc shaped specimens(10mm diameter, 2mm thickness) of each resin composite were fabricated, therebyforming two groups (n= 8). Surface roughness (Ra) was analyzed after 24 hrs beforeexposure to beverage. The specimens were submitted to a five minutes immersion inPepsi Cola three times daily interrupted by immersion in deionized distilled water (37C˚). Surface roughness measurements were done at 10, 30, and 60 days intervals. Datawere

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