Background: Hormonal changes during pregnancy have been suggested to predispose women to gingivitis. Furthermore, advance periodontal infection in pregnant women may pose a threat to the placenta and uterus and may increase the like hood of preterm delivery. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of salivary interleukin -6 (IL-6) level and periodontal health among preterm postpartum women. Materials and Methods: Salivary samples were taken from 33 preterm postpartum women (study group) and 33 full term postpartum women (control group). The supernatant salivary samples were assayed using atomic absorption spectrophotometer. Plaque, calculus and gingival indices were used for recording the oral hygiene and gingivitis also probing

To determine the role of Epstien barr virus (EBV) in the pathogenesis of Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) , Reactive arthritis (ReA) and Ankylosing spondylitis (AS) patients, sixty-two patients (52 patients with RA ,five patients with ReA and five patients with AS) have been investigated. The mean age (47.3, 47.7, 34.5) of RA, ReA , AS respectively and compared to 24 apparently healthy individuals with the mean age 28.3. All the study groups were carried out to measure antibodies of EBV (VCA) IgG and IgM by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) technique. The result showed that there was a highly significant elevation ( p< 0.01) in the concentration of EBV (VCA) IgG Ab compared to control group, while there was no significant different (

A variety of liquid crystals comprising heterocyclics 1,3,4-oxadiazol ring [III], aminooxazol [IV]a, and aminothiazol [IV]b were synthesized through a number of steps, beginning of the reaction of 3, 3'- dimethyl - [1, 1'-biphenyl] -4, 4'- diamin, ethyl monochloroacetate and sodium acetate to synthesize diacetate compound[I]. The diester reacted with hydrazine hydrate(N2H4-H2O) to give dihydrazide compound [II], then reacted with Pyruvic acid and phosphorous oxychloride to produce diketone compound [III]. The last compound was reacted with urea and thiourea to give aminooxazol and aminothiazol respectively. The synthesized compounds actually characterized and determined the structures by melting points, FT-IR and 1H-NMR spectroscopies. By u

           الصراع السوفيتي- الالماني على فنلندا 1941-1945، صفحة جديدة من التحديات التي واجهت فنلندا للحفاظ على استقلالها وسيادتها. لقد بدء هذا الصراع كنتيجة لانطلاق عملية بارباروسا الالمانية ضد الاتحاد السوفيتي في22حزيران1941، واستمر اربع سنوات، أوقفته اتفاقية الهدنة الموقعة في 19ايلول 1944. وكما حصل في حرب الشتاء السابقة، فقد خسرت فنلندا العديد من اقاليمها عند حدودها الجنوبية، واجبرت على دف

                Inflation is one of the important issues that the economic authorities in all countries of the world care about, where the loss of money for its function is one of the most important and largest inflationary effects that this phenomenon leaves on the economy, and Iraq, like other countries, has had its share of the problem of inflation for a long time due to the circumstances that He went through it, whether it was the wars he fought or the economic blockade that was imposed on him in the nineties of the last century. Economically, the problem of inflation is addressed through the use of fiscal policy tools, including tax increases in order to abso

It is out of question that USA foreign policy has a great superiority and
influence all over the world.
This study deals with all dimensions; aims; and challenges of the American
foreign policy. It aims to answer the following question: within the current changes in
the world, how can the aims of the American foreign policy be realized?

In this research, a model was taken to explore the relationship between the prey, the predator, and the scavenger in the diet to study dynamic behavior. This was done by forming a system of ordinary differential equations, and critical points were found for the model that match biologically and mathematically to our study.  Their existence was proven, and theories were created for the model. By applying local and global stability methods, also we were able determine the bifurcation occurring at particular sites. After that, we observed the result of cooperation in hunting, which greatly affects both prey and predators, playing a vital and influential role. Everything we mentioned above was also proven practically, using Mathematica 13.2

تكمن اهمية البحث من خلال اجراء دراسة لمقارنة بعض المتغيرات الكينماتيكية لأداء الضربة الخلفية القاطعة (المستقيمة والقطرية) ومعرفة علاقة ذلك بسرعة ودقة الاداء لدى لاعبي التنس بأعمار (14-16) سنة, ومن خلال متابعة الباحثان لأغلب تمرينات المنتخب الوطني ومن خلال المشاركة في اكثر البطولات المحلية لاحظ بان هذه المهارة يتم استخدامها مرة مستقيمة ومرة قطرية وبالتأكيد سوف يكون لدينا اختلاف من حيث المسار الحركي للأداء

The research tackles the monetary policy of the Abassynian state in Baghdad – the center of the Abassynian caliphate in her last days. This age lasts for morethan eight decades . success – sively four caliphates ruled throuyhout these decades. First. ALNaser Ledeen Alah. AL- Daher Be Amer Alah, AL- mustanser Be-Alah then ALmustausem Be-Alah. This caliphate witnessed a sense of release from the boundage of the Salju guian supremqcy which resulted in an interest in coinage of money (Dinarsamd derhem) and engraving it usiny new forms and new weight that reflects the states monetary independence and national sovereignity being an essencial means for treating in the ex– change of trading between people. Caliphat e also made sure of prot

Many products contain several natural radionuclides in their composition. Frequent use of these products increases the cumulative radiation risk. This study aimed to measure the radioactivity using NaI (Tl)detector of consumer products found in local markets that contain natural radioactive materials (NORMs) and are used for various purposes. Average specific activity values are 3.52 Bq/kg for Uranium-238, 15.77 Bq/kg for Thorium-232, and 153.53 Bq/kg for Potassium-40. The radium equivalent (Raeq) was determined to be 45.22, and the average internal and external absorbed doses for the study samples were 39.77 and 21.21 nGy/h, respectively. The average values of the measured external and internal risk indexes are 0.12 and 0.13, and the re

     تُعدُّ الخرائط بمختلف أنواعها أدوات الجغرافي ووسيلته الفعالة في دراسة الحقائق الجغرافية المختلفة، إذ تُعدُّ دراسة الانطقة التعليمية للمراحل الدراسة المختلفة وعلى وجه الخصوص رسم خرائط توضح الأنطقة التعليمية لمرحلة رياض الأطفال الحكومية والأهلية من الضروريات الملحة لدراسة واقع هذه الخدمة وأهميتها بالنسبة لسكان أحياء مدينة بعقوبة، وقد تم استخدام التقنيات الحديثة في رسم خرائط الانطقة التعلي

Background: Cigarette smoking is an important risk factor that has a clear strong association with the prevalence and severity of chronic periodontitis (CP). Salivary biochemical parameters may be affected by both smoking and CP together. Materials and methods: Eighty systematically healthy male patients were included in this study. They were grouped based on their periodontal and smoking status. Unstimulated whole saliva (UWS) was collected from all subject. Salivary flow rate (FR) was measured during sample collection. Parameters such as salivary pH, total protein (TP), albumin (Alb), total fucose (TF), protein bound fucose (PBF) and C-reactive protein (CRP) were estimated. Results: Salivary flow rate was not altered regarding to smoking

Isovaleryl CoA dehydrogenase (IVDH) is a flavoprotein that introduce a trans-double bond between C2 and C3 of the isovaleryl CoA substrate, an intermediate in leucine catabolism pathway. Interrogation of the Paracoccus denitrificans Pd1222 genome has identified Pden_3633 gene as a candidate to encode for IVDH. In previous study by Rafid et al (under the publishing), this putative IVDH was expressed in E. coli and purified as N-terminal Strep-tagged protein. In current study, spectral properties of the purified IVDH were conducted and the results showed that the enzyme was obtained as an apoprotein. For this reason, IVDH has been reconstituted by incubation with flavin adenine dinucleotide (FAD) and the experiment showed that the ratio 1:

The study was done in the Hospital of Ibn-AL-Hythem for eyes infections in Baghdad from July till October of 2014. 120 conjunctiva eyes swap samples were collected from patients with pinkness or redness of the conjunctiva, which include 59 male and 61female. The diagnoses of specimens were done in the laboratories of the hospital by using the Analytical Profile Index System (API system). The results showed that 29(24.1%) samples were positive for bacterial infections while 91(75.9%) samples gave negative results, which mean conjunctivitis occurs by other causes. The study showed low in the percentage of bacterial infections that occurred in the eyes lid conjunctiva as well as in the per- orbital region. The predominant isolated species w

This paper propose to overcome the negative point of the cryptosystem based on the
symmetric group that had been suggested by (Doliskani,Ehsan and
Zakerolhosseini)[1], which is the relatively large memory and bandwidth
requirements for storing and transmitting permutations (symmetric group elements),
our suggestion is to get benefit from the bijection between permutations and integers
and modify the way we encrypt plaintext ( ) from converting to a permutation
(as it is in there suggestion) to converting the permutation (which used to
encrypt the plaintext to an integer and then the cipher text ( . ) will
be an integer and not a permutation which can be decrypted by multiply it with the
number .By such modifica

ن الهدف من هذا البحث هو معرفة أثر إستراتيجية تعليمية في تحصيل مادة العلوم لدى طلاب الصف الاول المتوسط. ولتحقيق هدف البحث صاغ الباحثان الفرضية الآتية: لا توجد فروق ذو دلالة إحصائية عند مستوى (0,05) بين متوسط درجات طلاب المجموعة التجريبية الذين يدرسون مادة العلوم وفق إستراتيجية تعليمية وبين متوسط درجات طلاب المجموعة الضابطة الذين يدرسون المادة نفسها بالطريقة التقليدية في اختبار التحصيل. بلغت عينة البحث (59) طالبا

New Schiff base tetradentate ligand with type (N2S2): 1,3-isophthaldehyde bis(4–methyl 3-thiosemicarbazone)(ISMTSC) has been prepared. Synthesis was carried out by the condensation of 1,3-isophthaldehyde and 4-methyl 3-thiosemicarbazide in mole ratios of (1:2) respectively and under nitrogen atmosphere. The ligand has been characterized and its structure was elucidated depending upon microelemental analysis (CHN), spectral data (I.R, U.V–Vis, 1H, 13CNMR and mass spectrum). Series of metal complexes of the ligand with metal ions such as CoII, NiII, CuII, CdII and HgII have been synthesized by adding (1 mm mole) of (ISMTSC) to the methanolic solution (1 mm mole) of metal salts. The complexes were characterised and their stereochemical

A field trial was conducted at Abu-Ghraib research station , Baghdad, Iraq , during the spring season of 2001 , The objectives were to study the effect of sowing dates on the performance of three sunflower genotypes . A split-plot lay in a randomized complete block design with three replications were used . Five sowing dates ( 16th Jan , 4th , 14th and 26th of Feb. and the 15th of March ) were assigned to main plots , where as genotypes in sub-plots . The first sowing date was the highest in growth from flowering to maturity and from emergency to maturity . The fifth sowing date plants need more GDD. Growing degree – day from emergency to flowering and the fifth sowing date did not varied significant from first and second sowing dates

Density Functional Theory (DFT) calculation of the type (B3LYP) and 6-311G basis set level using Gaussian-03 program were carried out for equilibrium geometry of construction units of (6,0) linear ZigZag SWCNT (mono, Di, Tri and Tetra ring layers), to evaluate the geometrical structure (bond length), symmetries, physical properties and energetic such as standard heat of formation (ΔH0f), total energy (Etot.), dipole moment (μ), Highest Occupied Molecular Orbital Energy (EHOMO), Lowest Unoccupied Molecular Orbital Energy (ELUMO), energy gap (ΔEHOMO-LUMO), the distribution of electron density () and vibration frequencies, all at their equilibrium geometries. Assignment of the vibration frequencies according to the group theory was do

جمعت ( 507 ) عينة من مصادر سريرية وبيئية مختلفة. بعد اج ا رء الفحوصات المظهرية والكيموحيوية ,
و Aeromonas sobria اظهرت العزلتين . Aeromonas اظهرت 17 عزلة عائديتها لجنس
بينت نتائج . C فقط قدرتهما على انتاج انزيمات البيتالاكتاميز الصنف Aeromonas eucrenophila
فحص الحساسية الدوائية تجاه 15 مضادا حيويا ان العزلتين تملك نمط المقاومة المتعددة ، اذ كانت العزلتين
مقاومة للامبسيلين، والبنسيلين ج ، و الاموكسيسيلين ، والامبيكلوكس، والل

     يهدف البحث الى تعرف مدى توافر معايير البنى التحتية في المؤسسات التربوية العراقية أولا, وبناء أنموذج لمعايير البنى التحتية في مؤسساتنا التربوية ثانيا. وتألف مجتمع البحث من مديري الاقسام الادارية والفنية والعلمية في ديوان وزارة التربية والبالغ عددهم (45) فردا. فيما بلغ عدد افراد العينة التي سحبت بالطريقة العشوائية (40) فردا. اعتمد الباحث معامل ارتباط بيرسون, معادلة الفاكرونباخ, الاختبار التائي, ال

     تعرضنا في هذا البحث بالدراسة والتحليل لمفهوم الحرية عند واحد من أهم الفلاسفة المعاصرين ، وهو الفيلسوف ( جون ديوي ) الذي قدم الى العالم رؤية مختلفة عنها . إذ أكد على فكرة الحرية الواقعية بعيداً عن اليوتوبيا، انسجاماً مع فلسفته البرجماتية الأداتية . فقد حاول المساهمة في تأهيل شخصية الفرد لتطوير المجتمع وبناء الدولة من خلال دعوته إلى تطبيق الحرية الملائمة للواقع المعاصر في نواحي الحياة جميعها ، وذ

Although several drugs are used against Leishmania infection but they are associated with several adverse complications. Therefore, a new effective treatment needed to be found. In this study, the effect of carbonnanotubes nanoparticles (CNTs NPs) on Leishmania donovani promastigotes was assessed. Viability of promastigotes after adding different concentrations of carbonnanotubes (CNTs) nanoparticles (0.05, 0.1, 5, 10, 20, 40, 60 and 80 μg/ml) to the parasite culture was evaluated by growth rate, viability rate assay and morphological changes. The results indicated that the effect of CNTs NPs on growth rate of promastigotes form. After exposed to 80 μg/ml of CNTs, the growth rate of promastigotes clearly decreased compared with promast

In this paper, a new method is presented to segment the microscopic images of White Blood Cells (WBC) into cell and non-cell regions depending on the image histogram. The proposed method involves of: first, separating the captured image into its three color channels (Red, Green, and Blue) to produce three grayscale files one for each. Second, apply the histogram equalization upon the three files to obtain the white blood cells image to be segmented into white background, black nucleus with color stains inside and surrounded by cytoplasm. Experimental results show that the proposed unsupervised segmentation method have given reliable results comparable with thresholding method.

This research carried out to estimate mobility three herbicides (Basta
٢٠%, Weedoff ٤٨%, Carbyne ١٢.٥%) it might be reach on water table and
polluted it. We definite the mobility by hydraulic conductivity it depends on
liquid and soil feature.
The samples collected from two locations Kefel was first one sandy soil
belonged to Orthids group and second one was Mishkab clay soil belonged
to Torrifluvents group. Soil columns had been prepared by three replicates to
each one. So the H.CO determinated with constant head method to sandy
soil and variable hydraulic gradient to clay soil. The H.CO measures made
by two stages: ١-First stage treatments (٣ soil herbicides vs control)
٢- Sec

Because of the rapid development and use of the Internet as a communication media emerged to need a high level of security during data transmission and one of these ways is "Steganography". This paper reviews the Least Signification Bit steganography used for embedding text file with related image in gray-scale image. As well as we discuss the bit plane which is divided into eight different images when combination them we get the actual image. The findings of the research was the stego-image is indistinguishable to the naked eye from the original cover image when the value of bit less than four Thus we get to the goal is to cover up the existence of a connection or hidden data. The Peak to Signal Noise Ratio(PSNR) and Mean Square Error (

In this paper, we proposed a hybrid control methodology using improved artificial potential field with modify cat swarm algorithm to path planning of decoupled multi-mobile robot in dynamic environment. The proposed method consists of two phase: in the first phase, Artificial Potential Field method (APF) is used to generate path for each one of robots and avoided static obstacles in environment, and improved this method to solve the local minimum problem by using A* algorithm with B-Spline curve while in the second phase, modify Cat Swarm Algorithm (CSA) is used to control collision that occurs among robots or between robot with movable obstacles by using two behaviour modes: seek mode and track mode. Experimental results show that the p

يواجه التعليم العالي في العصر الحديث تحديات كثيرة متمثلة بالتفجر المعرفي، وهذا يتطلب تنشيط دور الادارة الجامعية لتستطيع الاضطلاع عبر واجباتها الجديدة، اذ لم يعد من المناسب ادارة الجامعات بنفس الاساليب التي كانت تدار بها في الماضي، اذ تعاني المؤسسات التعليمية من تركه ادارية مثقلة بالتحديات على الرغم من الجهود التي تبذل في محاولاتها من اجل تطوير ذاتها، وتشهد الجامعات محاولات جادة لتطوير انظمتها كافة، وتعد