Statisticians often use regression models like parametric, nonparametric, and semi-parametric models to represent economic and social phenomena. These models explain the relationships between different variables in these phenomena. One of the parametric model techniques is conic projection regression. It helps to find the most important slopes for multidimensional data using prior information about the regression's parameters to estimate the most efficient estimator. R algorithms, written in the R language, simplify this complex method. These algorithms are based on quadratic programming, which makes the estimations more accurate.

Breast cancer has got much attention in the recent years as it is a one of the complex diseases that can threaten people lives. It can be determined from the levels of secreted proteins in the blood. In this project, we developed a method of finding a threshold to classify the probability of being affected by it in a population based on the levels of the related proteins in relatively small case-control samples. We applied our method to simulated and real data. The results showed that the method we used was accurate in estimating the probability of being diseased in both simulation and real data. Moreover, we were able to calculate the sensitivity and specificity under the null hypothesis of our research question of being diseased o

The research aims to identify the role of strategic improvisation as an independent variable with its dimensions (Building the Solution, Intuition, Adaptation, and Spontaneity) and the Entrepreneurial Orientation as a dependent variable with its dimensions (Identifying Opportunities, Creativity, Adopting risk, and Vision). This research has been applied in the Rafidain Bank and its branches (Sunk, People, Al-Firdaws, and Alawiya); it used the questionnaire as a basic tool for collecting information. The sample was intentionality, which included all the heads of departments in the bank’s branches, which amounted to (33) workers, and data on the questionnaire paragraphs of 28 were processed using the SPSS V.23 and AMOS V.23). The most impor

إنها وصف واقعي أو خيالي لأفعال تهدف إلى ترفيه أو تثقيف المستمع أو القارئ. (روبرت لويس ستيفنسون) يقول أحد رواد سرد القصص البارزين: هناك ثلاث طرق فقط لكتابة قصة: إما أن يختار الكاتب حبكة ثم يجعل الشخصيات تتناسب معها، أو أن يختار شخصية ويختار الأحداث والمواقف التي تُطور الحبكة. الحبكة هي التصميم أو المنطق أو البنية لنوع معين من الخطاب الذي يُطور وحداته من خلال تسلسل زمني. وهي تُعطي القصة...

يناقش هذا البحث منطق ميزان القوى (balance of power) في حقل العلاقات الدولية. يركّز على النسخة النظمية (systemic) من النظرية؛ لأهميتها ومركزيتها في البرنامج البحثي للواقعية ضمن التخصص. يفحص البحث متانة الحكمة التقليدية التي تجادل بأن موازنات القوى في نظام العون الذاتي (self-help) تتشكل بغض النظر عن دوافع أو نوايا الدول؛ وتظهر على نحو متكرر كنتيجة غير مقصودة لتكافل وحدات النظام الأناركي التي تسعى بالأساس إلى قوة متفوقة ولي

تعتمد الاستراتيجية الأمنية الأوروبية في مكافحة الإرهاب، على دور الاتحاد الأوروبي ودوله لمكافحة هذه الظاهرة لا سيّما بعد أحداث الحادي عشر من سبتمبر عام 2001، واعتمدت فاعلية استراتيجية الاتحاد الأوروبي لعام 2003 والاستراتيجيات اللاحقة في الحد من وتيرة التهديدات الإرهابية في أوروبا، لا سيّما نشاط التنظيمات الإرهابية داخل دول الاتحاد، وكذلك مسألة الهجرة والاندماج في المجتمع الأوروبي، فضلا عن الحد من تجنيد الموا

The current study aimed to determine the morphometric and meristic characteristics of the North African catfish Clarias gariepinus (Burchell, 1822). Six specimens of C. gariepinus were collected from the Tigris River, in central Iraq. This study is considered the confirmation first record of this species in Iraq, and the second documentation of this exotic fish. The present species is characterized by a very long dorsal fin, a rounded caudal fin and four pairs of barbels.

Image compression is a suitable technique to reduce the storage space of an image, increase the area of storage in the device, and speed up the transmission process. In this paper, a new idea for image compression is proposed to improve the performance of the Absolute Moment Block Truncation Coding (AMBTC) method depending on Weber's law condition to distinguish uniform blocks (i.e., low and constant details blocks) from non-uniform blocks in original images. Then, all elements in the bitmap of each uniform block are represented by zero. After that, the lossless method, which is Run Length method, is used for compressing the bits more, which represent the bitmap of these uniform blocks. Via this simple idea, the result is improving

This encapsulates the general relationship between plant and bacteria in the natural and agricultural ecosystem. It is based on the activities of useful bacteria, such as plant growth-promoting bacteria (PGPRs) and nitrogen-fixing bacteria, in promoting plant growth and plant tolerance to stressful situations regarding pollution, salinity, and drought. The article also mentions that the bacteria maintain plant health by secretion of phytohormones, nitrogen fixation, solubilization of phosphate, and production of antibiotics against pathogenic bacteria. The article also mentions the existing applications of the interaction in sustainable agriculture and bioremediation of contaminated soils.

يتطلب استمرار الهيمنة الدولية أو حتى الاقليمية مقومات عديدة ومؤثرة، وكذلك ابتكار طرق جديدة للتأثير في سلوك الآخرين، لأن العالم اليوم اصبح اكثر حركية وسرعة وتفاعل من ذي قبل. فالدولة المهيمنة يجب ان تتفوق في مصادر القوة المعروفة، القوة الصلبة بجميع مقوماتها، وكذلك القوة الناعمة، بإذتكون مصادر القوة هذه متوازنة ولا يوجد خلل في توزيعها، فقد تكون دولة ما تمتلك مقوم واحداً أو مقومين من مقومات القوة المذكورة، فهن

Wheat is rich in sources of fiber, oligosaccharides, and resistant starch, simple carbohydrates which may have a protective role against carcinoma. Additionally, Whole wheat/bran as well includes contains phytochemicals such as flavonoids, lignans, folate, phytosterols, phenolic acids, and tocols. The above phytochemicals suitable forms antioxidant and cholesterol-reducing activities. Phytoestrogens are regarded as especially essential in the preventative measures of hormonally dependent malignancies such as breast cancer (BC). In this study lowered BC risk has been associated with whole grain/bran consumption with an odds ratio (OR=0.24 and 95 %CI=0.10-0.56). Wheat/bran appears to have a reliable protective impact against BC. While intake

Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) have emerged as revolutionary materials for developing advanced biosensors, especially for detecting reactive oxygen species (ROS) and hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂) in biomedical applications. This comprehensive review explores the current state-of-the-art in MOF-based biosensors, covering fundamental principles, design strategies, performance features, and clinical uses. MOFs offer unique benefits, including exceptional porosity (up to 10,400 m²/g), tunable structures, biocompatibility, and natural enzyme-mimicking properties, making them ideal platforms for sensitive and selective detection of ROS and H₂O₂. Recent advances have shown significant improvements in detection capabilities, with limit

This study was aimed to evaluate the antimicrobial resistance, biofilm formation and some type 1 fimbriae adhesion genes. A total of 120 urine specimens were obtained from different patients with UTIs during October 2022 to February 2023 from several Baghdad hospitals. Morphological, biochemical and molecular tests were utilized for identifying E. coli isolates. The results were shown that only 80 (66.7%) of isolates were identified as E. coli. Twelve antimicrobial discs were utilized for evaluate the ability of E. coli isolate to resistant these antimicrobials. The results revealed that 98.8% of isolates were resistant to Ampicillin (AMP), followed by

The phenomenon of drought is one of the most significant environmental and climatic extreme events; it is more complex in terms of measuring, monitoring, and identifying the possible effects and hazards associated. The remote sensing index, which included the Vegetation Health Index (VHI), was used to describe the geographic and temporal distribution of the springtime agricultural drought. VHI can be calculated based on the Temperature Condition Index (TCI), Vegetation Condition Index (VCI), and Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) derived from MODIS Terra satellite data. The outcomes showed that the droughts in the years 2001–2002, 2008–2009 were th

This study was aimed to evaluate the antimicrobial and antibiofilm activity of tryptophan against methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA). A 326 samples were obtained from patients attending Al-Karama hospital\Baghdad city with various infections including: blood, vagina, acne, nasal cavity, wounds, gums and skin. Only 100 isolates were identified as S. aureus, according to conventional and molecular methods. Detection of mecA and icaAD gene was performed using polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and the results showed 70% of isolates harbored mecA gene (MRSA) and 61% of isolates harbored icaAD gene. The results of detecting quorum sensing (QS) gen

This study investigated the phytochemical composition and biological activities of Hellenocarum amplifolium from four regions in Sulaymaniyah Province, Iraqi Kurdistan: Hawraman, Qandil, Penjwin, and Sharbazir. The plant specimens were harvested during the pre-flowering phase, specifically between April and May 2021. Chemical analysis revealed that the Hawraman samples contained the highest levels of phenolics, flavonoids, and bioactive compounds (e.g., gallic acid, quercetin, kaempferol), while Qandil samples were richest in essential oils (e.g., linalool, limonene, α-pinene). Hawraman extracts exhibited the strongest antioxidant activity and provided significant protection against ochratoxin A-induced cytotoxicity. Th

The studies were conducted at the Aragatsotn region of the Republic of Armenia during the years 2021-2024. Four species of click beetles (family Elateridae) belonging to the order Coleoptera of the class Insecta were recorded. The most widespread species was the sowing click beetle (Agriotes sputator L.), making up 56%. The steppe click beetles (Agriotes gurgistanus Fald.) accounted for 25% of the total population. The striped (Agriotes lineatus L.) and dark (Agriotes obscurus L.) click beetles were relatively less common, constituting 14% and 5%, respectively. Based on the ana

A field experiment was conducted at the research station of the Ministry of Agriculture in Abu Ghraib area –Baghdad, Iraq, to study the effect of applying some nutrients management practices and leaching requirements on some soil quality indicators and sorghum productivity under saline soil conditions. The experiment was laid out in randomized complete block design )RCBD( with split split plot arrangement and three replicates. Treatments included 7 nutrients combinations :(Control” F₀”, NPK” F₁”, NPKS” F₂”, NPKS + micronutrients”F₃”, NPKS+ micronutrients+ Nano silicon” F₄”, NPKS+ micronutrients + Nano silicon + calcium and magnesium nitrate” F₅

This study was conducted from December 2021 to July 2022, except May 2022, and aimed to evaluate and validate CO₂, CH₄, and O₃ GHGs in 13 different locations over Sulaimani city, Kurdistan Region-Iraq by means of remote sensing techniques from Sentinel 5 Precursor (S5P)/ TROPOMI and Orbiting Carbon Observatory-2 (OCO-2) satellites against ground-based measurements by using a  portable gases analyzer via three types of sensor heads, GSS  for the nominated gases of CO₂, CH_4, and O₃. The Inverse Distance Weight (IDW) interpolation methods were used to map the CO₂, CH₄, and O₃. The results of ground measurements showed high va

Through previous studies, we have found only a small number of studies that have discovered the effects and importance of rose water for animals. The aim of this research was to evaluate the effect of various concentrations of aqueous extract of damask flowers water on body weight, carcass weight and measurements, and some histological characteristics of the jejunum and large intestine of broiler chickens. The commercial Ross308 broiler chicks were randomly divided which it number is 250 chicks into 5 groups at the first day (50 Chicks for each group). The chicks were fed a starter diet from the age of 1-10 days, a growth diet from the age of 24-14 days, and a finishing diet from the age of 25-42 days. In treatment T1 plain water

This study was conducted to investigate the effects of birth number, pregnancy stage (pre- and post-pregnancy), and their interaction on selected blood parameters in local Awassi ewes under grazing conditions. The experiment involved 33 local Awassi ewes, divided equally into three groups: the first group consisted of ewe lambs, the second group included ewes with one previous birth, and the third group comprised ewes with multiple births (2–3). Birth number showed no significant effect on any of the blood parameters. However, mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration (MCHC), hemoglobin (Hb), and packed cell volume (PCV) were significantly higher at mid-pregnancy (12th week) compared with the 4th and 20th weeks of pregnancy. Se

This study was conducted to determine the effectiveness of marine fungi as a feed additive on the performance of native chickens. One hundred and eighty unsex one-day-old native chickens were used in this study. Chickens were kept for ten weeks and given a treatment supplemented with the dietary marine fungi (1, 2, 3, and 4 ml/kg) in a ration consisting of yellow corn, rice bran, fish meal, soybean meal, coconut meal, L-lysine, methionine, and CaCO3. The data collected were feed consumption, body weight gain, carcass percentage, mortality rate, and feed efficiency. The results showed significant (P<0.05) decreased feed consumption and increased mortality with adding marine fungi. They did not affect the body weight, carcass pe