The inhibitory activity of the extracted and nano-betaglucan compound was estimated against pathogenic bacteria, as the average diameter of the inhibition zone at a concentration of 200 mg/mL gave the highest inhibitory activity for all types of isolates with significant differences at a probability level (P≤0.05), of which we singled out of Gram-positive bacteria when converting it into a nanocomposite. The results showed that there was no growth inhibition zone for lactic acid bacteria. The cytotoxicity of betaglucan nanocomposite was estimated, as it was observed in the Microculture Tetrazolium Test (MTT) that there were significant differences between the viability of cells in the Human dermal Fibroblast cell line (HdFn) (c

     A field experiment was conducted in an experimental field affiliated with the College of Agricultural Engineering Sciences, University of Baghdad, Al-Jadriya, during the fall season of 2022.  Split plot arrangement in the Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) of three replicates was used comprising three levels of sulfur (0, 500, and 1000 kg ha^-1) symbolized by S₀, S₁, and S₂ forming the main plots, added to the soil before planting before two months, while the subplots were the bio-fertilizers represented by B₀ and B₁. Results showed the superiority of the second level of agricultural sulfur, giving the highest traits involving the

Background: The acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) is a disorders caused by cellular and humoral immune dysfunction from infection by the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV 1 and HIV 2).
Patients and Methods: The study was carried out in Kirkuk governorate on 5090 secondary school students from different localities of the city, for the period from the beginning of October 2005 to the end of March 2006. A special questionnaire was applied for each student containing age, sex, class, parent’s education, mode of transmission & methods of prevention.
Results: There was no significant difference between male and female regarding the etiology of AIDS.The knowledge of secondary school students was

ABSTRACT  
     The simulation of groundwater movement has been carried out by using MODFLOW model
in order to show the impact of change of water surface elevation of the Tigris river on layers of
the aquifer system for Nuclear Research Center at Al-Tuwaitha area, in addition to evaluate the
ability of the proposed pumping well to collect groundwater and change the direction of flow at
steady-state. The results of the study indicated that there is a good match between the values of
groundwater levels that calculated in the model and measured in the field, where mean error  is
0.09 m.
     The study also showed that the increasing of water surface elevation of the

اشتمل البحث على خمسة أبواب, حيث تضمن الباب الأول بالبحث وأهميته, وثم التطرق إلى مشكلة البحث وأهدافه وفروضه وأخيرا إلى مجالات البحث الثلاثة البشرية والمكانية والرمانية. إما الباب الثاني فاشتمل على الدراسات النظرية, فقد تم التعرف على القوة العضلية الانفجارية وأسلوب تدريب البلايومترك وكيفية. أما الباب الثالث فتم التطرق إلى منهج البحث وإجراءاته الميدانية, حيث تعرفنا على عينة البحث المستخدمة والتي اختارها الب

The study aimed to investigate the relationship between empowerment strategies and their impact on the success of enrichment work, it included the dimensions of empowerment strategies (power, knowledge, information, rewards), The dimensions of Job enrichment are (Skill variety, Task identity, Task significance, Autonomy, Feedback). The study was conducted at the headquarters of the Iraqi Oil Ministry in Baghdad and was based on a sample of the leadership of the ministry of managers consisting of 215 people. The data were collected using the questionnaire method based on scientific standards adopted in previous st

يمكن تفسير مسرحية سوفي تريدويل ميكانيكي والتي تم عرضها في السابع من ايلول عام 1929 ضمن اطار حركة المساواة النسائية. وبشكل عام, تهدف حركة المساواة النسائية الى تحقيق حرية واستقلال النساء في المجتمع فضلًا عن ذلك فان الحركة  تهدف الى تقليل الفوارق بين الرجال والنساء الذين يمارسون نشاطات اجتماعية. وتطرح سوفي تريدويل في هذه المسرحية مأزق امرأة شابة تعيش في مجتمع يشهد تطورات علمية وصناعية ولكن هذه التطورات ت

     يتناول هذا البحث خصائص الخطاب السياسي في اللغة الروسية . الخطاب السياسي منتج ثقافي كغيره من المنتجات العقلية والثقافية ، تخضع بشكل مباشر لجملة من الشروط التاريخية والسوسيولوجية  والمادية التي تؤطر إنتاجه  وتحدد أشكاله ونمط القيم المتضمنة فيه ، الخطاب السياسي مجال معقد من الدراسة، "وهو يتداخل مع العلوم الاخرى كالعلوم السياسية، علم النفس، علم الاجتماع وعلم اللغة. ويعتبر الخطاب السياسي خطا

إثرَ اِستقرائي كُتُب مناهجِ البحثِ اللغويِّ الحديثِ وقفتُ أمام بعضِ آراءِ مؤلفيها الأفاضلِ، مجملةً إيَّاها بستِ وقفاتٍ، هي: دافعُ البحثِ اللُّغويِّ لدى العربِ، وعنايتُهم بالدِّراسةِ الصوتيَّةِ، وتأثُّرُهُم بالفكرِ الفلسفيِّ، وتوجيهُ التقصيرِ إليهم لعدمِ تأرختهم اللُّغةَ، ونقْدُ إعمالِهِم الافتراضَ والتأويلَ، ووقوعُهم بمآخِذِ الطريقةِ المباشرةِ، مُبديةً الرأي، داعمةً إيَّاه بالأدلةِ ما أمكن.

Heat is one of the main environmental stresses that limits the growth, development and production of plants at the global level as a result of the negative effects it causes at different plant levels. Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS), is one of the biochemical effects of heat produced under aerobic conditions inside plant cells, in normal conditions they regulate cell signals and growth and there is a balance between is formed and is destroyed. However, under of various stresses including heat, this balance is disturbed and leads to the occurrence of disorders in the physiological processes of the plant and the destruction of cell components. The use of chemicals such as osmotic pro

     أظهرت الدراسات النقدية الحديثة عن الشاعر الأمريكي جون اشبري (1927) تضارباً ممنهجاً تمحور حول ماهية شعره أكان بحلة  الرومانتيكية المتأخرة أم توشح بجذوة الشعر الطليعي لما بعد الحداثة قد انبرى  لأداء دورا جوهريا في انجاز مشروع  لحقبة ما بعد الحداثة. وتضمر العديد من أعماله الشعرية الرائدة خزينا واضحا من الأفكار و المضامين الرومانتيكية التي عالجها الشاعر بدراية في حين تترنم قصائده المتأخرة ب

إنَّ تحليل المحادثات كانت الشغل الشاغل لكثير من علماء اللغة و المهتمين بدراسة تحليل الخطابة. وعلى الرغم من أنَّ عدة دراسات قد تمت في مجال القصة القصيرة، إلا أنَّ القصص القصيرة المختارة" لم تدرس، ولهذا؛ فإنَّ هذا البحث يروم الى دراسة هذه الثغرة. يستهدف الإجابة على الاسئلة التالية: ماهي صفات اللغة في القصص القصيرة للأطفال؟ وماهي الاختلافات بينها في عمر اربع سنوات وتلك التي تحصل في الست سنوات؟ هذا يتطلب دراسة ا

Background: Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA) is heterogenous syndrome. Because the diversity of disease processes and formation of complex lymphoid microstructures that indicate the multiple T cell activation pathways are involved .affected patients have major abnormalities in the T cell pool with clonally expanded CD4  + T cell that lose expression of the CD28null molecule and lack the ability for profiliration. Adenosine deaminase (ADA) is an indicator of the proliferation and differenation of lymphocyte, in particularly the T cell subcells.
Patients and Methods: Total ADA levels were measured in the sera of RA patients and healthy group according to Giusti (1981).
Results: The mean value of ADA was lo

The current research aims to demonstrate the relationship and impact between strategic containment and its dimensions (adopting alternatives, facilitating adaptability, synthesizing information, and implementing the chosen strategy) on organizational brilliance and its dimensions (brilliance in leadership, brilliance in service and innovation, and brilliance in Knowledge) in the Ur State Company. The research problem question was whether top management in the organization practices the strategic containment process or not, and does it affect organizational brilliance? The sample of the research consisted of middle management managers (120) participants. To analyze data and information and test hypotheses, the research used many statistic

صُمِمت هذه الد ا رسة لمعرفة تأثير مستخلص الشاي الاحمر كمضاد أكسدة في ذكور الأ ا رنب البيض
المعرضة للإجهاد التأكسدي المستحدث ببيروكسيد الهيدروجين مع ماء الشرب. وقد استعملت في هذه الد ا رسة
24 حيواناً من ذكور الا ا رنب البيض Albino rabbits male , قسمت عشوائياً إلى 4 مجموعات تضمنت
كل مجموعة 6 حيوانات وت ا روحت أو ا زنها ما بين 1-1.5 كيلو, وبأو ا زن متقاربة , إذ تم معاملاتها بالمعاملات
المختلفة طيلة مدة التجربة البالغة

Background: A quick and easy method was developed for extraction of DNA of eukaryotes from different samples, which are bone marrow and sperms in white mice Mus musculus strain (Balb/c).
Patients and Methods: this method using high salt buffer, Ethylene diemine tetracetec acid (EDTA), Trypsine,Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate(SDS), and urea without using Proteinase-K digestion or ultracentrifugation.
Results: This method was successful in extracting DNA from different samples in eukaryotic and this DNA is suitable for Hind III digestion.
Conclusion: Without further clean-up, the extracted DNA can be used for restriction endonuclease digestion or for numerous applications.

Background: Molecular DNA hybridization has confirmed more than 120 different human papilloma virus (HPV) genotypes. A small group of them have high- risk oncogenic potential. Many studies have described an association of such high risk-HPV genotypes with a variety of esophageal benign tumors as well as malignant squamous cell carcinomas.
Patients and Methods: A total number of 90 tissue specimens were collected from 50 patients with esophageal squamous cell (SCC), adenocarcinoma (AC) and carcinoma in situ (CIS); 20 patients with squamous acanthosis (SA); and 20 individuals with apparently-healthy esophageal tissues (AHET). The molecular detection methods for HPV detection and genotyping were performed by in s

كما يشير العنوان فإنّ المقالة تدور حول المقارنة بين قصّة الشّيخ صنعان الفارسيّة وسلّامة القس العربيّة. بعد دراسة قصّة الشّيخ صنعان والبنت المسيحيّة تبيّن وجود عناصر الحب العذري فيها، وأنّها ملائمة جدًّا للمقارنة بينها وبين قصّة سلّامة القس. قمنا بدراسة القصّتين من حيث المضمون وموضوعات الحب العذري مع مراعاة خصائص هذا النّوع من الحب لما له من أهميّة في البحث الأدبي خصوصًا الغزل وصلة الحب العذري بالحب الإلهي

Background:It is widely assumed that cellular immune response and cytokine (especially proinflammatory cytokines) production play an important role in the course and treatment effectiveness of chronic hepatitis C infection. <br />Aim of the study: evaluate the level of Th-1 cytokines during treatment of chronic HCV infection and their dynamic changes in response to treatment.<br />Patients and methods: The study was performed on sixty patients with chronic HCV infection, the patients were recruited from medical city gastroenterology and hepatology teaching hospital for the period from February 2007 till February 2008 and 50 healthy control group. Diagnosis was made using third generation ELISA-based screening test, RIBA-based

Background: Cytokines are the messengers of the immune system.They are mostly secreted by macrophages and lymphocytes and their production is induced in response to injury or infections.
Objective: Biopsy speciemens from the middle body of the stomach were obtained from 18 patients with gastric carcinoma, 32 patients with atrophic gastritis, 50 patients with chronic gastritis and 20 healthy subjects and IL-8 and IL-1B levels were detrmined.
Methods: Sandwich-type enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay kit was used to determine the IL-8 and IL-1B levels.
Results: IL-8 and IL-1B levels were significantly higher in gastric carcinoma patients than patients with atrophic gastritis and both significantly higher than healthy subjects.
C

    في ظل التغيرات التقنية السريعة والتحولات في أوضاع السوق, فإن النظام التعليمي واجه تحدياً كبيرا تمثل بالحاجة إلى توفير فرص تعليمية إضافية دون الحاجة لرصد ميزانيات إضافية. لذلك فإن العديد من المؤسسات التعليمية بدأت تواجه هذا التحدي، وبدأت فعلاً بتطوير برامجها من خلال الجامعات التي تعتمد برامج التعليم عن بُعد. وهذه بدورها تتيح للبالغين ممن يعملون في مؤسسات عسكرية او لديهم التزامات مدنية، فرصة أخرى

A general velocity profile for a laminar flow over a flat plate with zero incidence is obtained by employing a new boundary condition to the other available boundary conditions. The general velocity profile is mathematically simple and nearest to the exact solution. Also other related values, boundary layer thickness, displacement thickness, momentum thickness and coefficient of friction are nearest to the exact solution compared with other corresponding values for other researchers.

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يحاول البحث دراسة رواية الكاتب الاميركي جوزيف هيلر التي تحمل عنوان "كاتش 22" (1961). وفي تفحص دقيق لمحتويات الرواية نجد ان تركيزها الرئيس هو المشاعر المناهضة للروح العسكرية. ويقدم البحث شخصيات مختلفة في الرواية ويحاول ان يعكس من خلالها المشاعر المناهضة للروح العسكرية. وان البحث ناقش ايضاً تأثيرات التصرفات الخاصة والاحداث الرئيسة التي حدثت في القوة الجوية الاميركية. وتدور القصة بشكل رئيس حول بعض رجال القوة

The present investigation focuses on the response of simply supported reinforced concrete rectangular-section beams with multiple openings of different sizes, numbers, and geometrical configurations. The advantages of the reinforcement concrete beams with multiple opening are mainly, practical benefit including decreasing the floor heights due to passage of the utilities through the beam rather than the passage beneath it, and constructional benefit that includes the reduction of the self-weight of structure resulting due to the reduction of the dead load that achieves economic design. To optimize beam self-weight with its ultimate resistance capacity, ten reinforced concrete beams having a length, width, and depth of 2700, 100, and

Simple and sensitive spectrophotometric method is described based on the coupling reaction of tetracycline hydrochloride (TC. HCl) with diazotized 4-aminopyridine in bulk and pharmaceutical forms. Colored azo dye formed during this reaction is measured at 433 nm as a function of time. Factors affecting the reaction yield were studied and the conditions were optimized. The kinetic study involves initial rate and fixed time (10 minutes) procedures for constructing the calibration graphs to determine the concentration of (TC. HCl). The graphs were linear for both methods in concentration range of 10.0 to 100.0 μg.mL-1. The recommended procedure was applied successfully in the determination of (TC. HCl) in its commercial formulations.

The novel groups of organic chromophores containing triphenylamine (TPA) (ATP-I to ATP-IV) have been constructed by structural modification of electron donors with substitution biphenyl and bipyridine rings inserting a π-linkage. Density functional theory (DFT) and time-dependent type of it (TD-DFT) have been operated to study results of donating ability of TPA and spacer on absorption, geometrical, photovoltaic, and energetic attributes of these sensitizers. Structural attributes have been revealed that incorporation of TPA, acceptor and π bridge include a perfect coplanar conformation in TPA-III. Based on frequency computations and ground-state optimization, bandgap (Eg) energy, ELUMO, EHOMO have been determined. For enlightening maximu

يعتبر توقع معدل الاختراق  أمرا حاسما لعمليات حفر آبار النفط الآمنة والفعالة من حيث التكلفة. يمثل نموذج بورغوين ويانج  نهجا قائما على المعادلات واسع الاستخدام تم تطويره في عام 1974 لتوقع معدل الاختراق  في آبار النفط بناءً على الانحدار الخطي المتعدد.

الشبكة العصبية الاصطناعية (ANN) هي تقنية تعلم آلي تقوم بتحليل البيانات وتقديم التوقعات. وقد تم إجراء العديد من الدراسات حول استخدام نموذج BYM على مس

    The goal of this research to identify the effect of the probing questions in the collection of material literature with students of the Kurdish language department, to achieve the aim of the research, the researcher has chosen a sample from the students of third stage of the Kurdish language Department, Faculty of Education / Ibn Rushd as a field for the application of experiment.The number of sample  reached (71) students divided into two groups represented two divisions of the experimental groups under study to the style of questions sounding by (35) students, and represented the other division of the control group, which studied in the way normal and by (36) students, as rewarded r

It is certain that marriage has the favor of the continuity of human kind since the Prophet Adam till now. But this important event is threatened by some justifications which lead to its delay or abandonment. In the West, sexual relations, illegal friendships, and disrespect of marriage sacredness lead to this delay. While the reasons behind the delay of marriage in the Arab world refer to high dowries, women go out to work, and the religious and scientific ignorance of the need and importance of marriage. The problem also differs according to the difference between the rural and urban regions. On one hand, we find that early marriage is a necessity in the rural regions; on the other hand, the delay of marriage is a clear and nat