This study was conducted to determine the nature of the mineral structure and properties of carbonate minerals of the sediments of the Main downstream and their effect on the chemical behavior of nickel and cobalt in five areas of Baghdad Governorate: Abu Ghraib, Al-Radwaniyah, Al-Yusufiyah, Al-Mahmoudiyah, and Al-Latifiyah. The results showed a difference, to the clay minerals of the water stream sediments. The presence of clay minerals such as mica, smectite, true chlorite, and swollen chlorite was observed in varying proportions, and the latter appeared more at the end of the study area. While a decrease in the percentage of kaolinite minerals was observed, a difference was observed in the quantity and properties of carbonate

This study was aimed to investigate effect of phosphorus, silicon, and citric acid on anatomical traits of pepper, This research was conducted at research stations, College of Agricultural Engineering Sciences, University of Baghdad, Jadiriyah Campus, during 2021-2022 season. The study employed factorial experiment within randomized complete block design (RCBD) with three replicates. The first factor included three levels of phosphorus (p) ( 0, 160, and 320 kg Ha^-1 P₂O₅), the second factor included three levels of potassium silicate (s) ( 0, 75, and 100 kg Ha^-1), while the third factor included four levels of citric acid (c ) ( 0, 2, 4, and 6 kg Ha^-1). The results revealed th

This research aimed to study the effect of some economic variables (agricultural output, interest rate, agricultural exports, and imports) in determining the volume of agricultural investment in Iraq during the period (1990-2020) by conducting a dynamic econometric analysis of the data collected from its secondary sources. The Error Correction Model (ECM) was employed, and the statistical analysis was performed using EViews 12 software. The results revealed a positive and significant long-term relationship between the explanatory variables and the dependent variable, agricultural investment. Its equilibrium value in the long term is one unit, and 7% of the divergence from the equilibrium between the long term and the short term c

This study was conducted at Al-Khalis Dairy Cattle Station in Diyala Governorate during the productive season during 2021–2022. 63 Holstein cows were selected randomly to study the effect of prolactin gene (PRL) and prolactin gene receptor (PRLR) polymorphism on milk production, milk components, and reproductive traits in Holstein dairy cows. The results showed three SNPs of PRL gene (TT, TC, and CC). There are highly significant differences (P>0.01) between the percentages of the genotypes, which reached (79.37, 17.46, and 3.17% , respectively ) and three SNPs for PRLR gene ( TT , TA and AA with percentage  47.62 , 41.27 and 11.11 respectively) in Holstein dairy cows in Iraq. the results showed there were a significant

Thirty-seven different F. oxysporum ciceri isolates were isolated from 55 chickpea fields at Sulaimani and Halabja governorates during 2021. Fourteen Foc isolates were pathogenic and displayed various morphological traits. The ideal temperature for Foc ranged 25-30°C. PDA was the best media for the fungal growth. The isolates showed a variety of growth patterns, including appressed, flat/velvet, fluffy to partial fluffy, and cottony. However, Foc-28 displays nerve type mycelium growth on PDA at 25ºC. Microconidia (6.1-8.7x2.9-4.98µm), macroconidia (10.0-20.1x2.7-5.2µm), chlamydospores (7.2-15.0x6.8-10.7µm), and colony diameter on PDA were all significantly differed among the isolates. Significant d

The objective of this study is to modify Iraqi natural bentonite (NB), a readily accessible and low-cost raw material, using various techniques and to explore the possible use of it as an adsorbent for the elimination of amoxicillin (AMX) from aqueous solutions through batch system studies. Chemical and physical processes were used to create the modified bentonite (MB): (1) NB was mixed with cationic surfactants (long and short alkyl chain surfactants), and (2) heat activation created calcined bentonite. The synthesized MB is characterized by surface area, "scanning electron microscopy" (SEM), and "Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy" (FTIR). There are many variables that affect how much AMX is eliminated, such as c

This study aimed to used automated spraying inside greenhouses using automated sprayers and compare it with traditional spraying. An experiment was conducted in one of the greenhouses at the Research Center of the College of Agricultural Engineering Sciences, University of Baghdad / Jadriyah, during the summer season on the cucumber crop cultivar CADIAR F1. The techniques used in the spraying process included a locally-made automated sprayer to spray pesticides inside the greenhouses horizontally and a knapsack sprayer. Two types of nozzles were used: universal flat fan nozzle (120-02C) and (120-04C), with three different pressures (1.8, 3, 5) bar, using a constant speed of 2 km h^-1. T

This study aimed to investigate the characteristics of   new edible film prepared from deamidated rice bran protein (RBP). Deamidation was carried out at temperatures of 80, 100, and 120°C under varying pH conditions of 8, 10, and 12 for durations of 15 and 30 minutes to enhance protein solubility. The resulting film was then assessed for its physical, mechanical, and optical properties. The results revealed that protein solubility of deamidated RBP improved across all temperatures and pH levels compared to the control. A film made from deamidated protein under conditions of 120°C and pH levels of 8, 10, and 12 was evaluated using protein concentrations of 3, 4, and 5%. The solubility

The research was conducted with the aim of obtaining equations to estimate the diameter growth of different tree ages for the species (Ziziphus spina-christi) to determine the validity of the site for cultivating the species under study. Field data were collected from the site of the University of Anbar in Anbar Governorate, the city of Ramadi. The samples were randomly selected. Cross sections of the tree were taken. The data were collected by conducting the required field measurements, then the data were tabulated using the Excel program, and by using the method of linear and non-linear regression analysis in the Statgraphics2022 statistical program. Obtaining equations for diagonal growth, precision measures were used

The study aimed to reveal the effect of some sustainable treatments under prolonged irrigation intervals on potato plant growth, yield, and starch properties .The experiment carried out at vegetable field of the College of Agricultural Engineering Sciences - University of Baghdad during spring season 2023. The experiment was conducted using split arrangement within Randomized Complete Block Design with two factors and three replicates (2X6X3). Applying TiO₂-NPs represented the first factor (main plot) (10 mg.L^-1), which symbolized (T₀, T₁). six treatments were included to represent subplots (regular irr

The present study highlighted the effectiveness of natural extracts derived from annatto and beetroot in prolonging the shelf life of refrigerated beef burgers for up to 12 days. The experimental design included five treatment groups: T1 (control, no additives), T2 (185.6 µg/ml nano-encapsulated annatto), T3 (187.6 µg/ml nano-encapsulated beetroot), T4 (a combination of nano-encapsulated annatto and beetroot at the same concentrations), and T5 (0.01% BHA). Samples were stored under refrigeration for 1, 3, 6, 9, and 12 days, after which they were subjected to a series of physical, chemical, microbiological, and sensory evaluations. The data revealed that the nano-encapsulation of annatto and beetroot extracts led to statisticall

A field experiment was carried out at the experimental field in the College of Agricultural Engineering Sciences, University of Baghdad, Iraq from beginning of October 2020 to the end of August 2021. The main objective was to find out the effect of Molybdenum (Mo) concentrations (0, 20, 40 and 60 mg L^-1 ) and three stages of foliar application (vegetative growth, flowers buds appearance and 25 % blooming ) on seed yield and it’s component of alfalfa local variety. layout of the experiment was R. C. B. D. arranged in split-plot, with three replicates. Spraying stages were used as main-plots. while Mol

This study was aimed to investigate vegetative growth indicators of four oat cultivars (Genzania, Shefa, Carrolup, and Hamel) at seeding rates of 80, 100, and 120 kg ha⁻¹ in a factorial experiment within a randomized block design during the winter season 2022-2023. Genzania showed significant superiority in leaf area, relative growth rate (0.0707 g g⁻¹ day⁻¹), and total dry mass (21.54 tons ha⁻¹). Shefa excelled in tiller count (365.10 tillers m⁻²), while Hamel exhibited superiority in stem diameter (5.68 mm), lower lodging index (39.90), and fewer effective tillers (88.10%). Seeding rate effects included increased plant height and total dry mass, with a rise in lodging index. The

A field experiment was carried out to investigate the effect of different levels of organic and mineral fertilizers and agricultural sulfur on availability of N,P and K in soil and their concentrations in potato tubers. The experiment was carried out in the College of Agricultural Engineering Sciences - University of Baghdad, during 2021 by adding three levels of organic fertilizer (Poultry manure) 0, 5, and 10 Mg ha^-1, and their symbols were OM₀, OM₁, and OM₂, respectively. three levels of mineral fertilizer 0, 50 and 100% of the fertilizers recommendation, their symbols were C₀, C₁, and C₂ respectively. three levels of agricultural sul

This study aimed to estimate soil erodibility in the middle of Erbil province. The results of indirect methods were compared with the observed K-factor in order to determine the most suitable method. The tests were carried out for nine soil locations by taking samples from topsoil. Samples were analyzed for physicochemical properties. The soil in study area is mostly clay and silt clay. The analysis was performed using three assessment models of soil erodibility; the Erosion Productivity Impact Calculator (EPIC), Vaezi et al and Universal Soil Loss Equation (USLE) models. Soil erodibility for direct measured K values varied from 0.27 to 0.39 t h MJ⁻¹mm⁻¹ with standard deviation of 0.041

Two field and storage experiments were conducted at a Research Station affiliated with the College of Agricultural Engineering Sciences / University of Baghdad during the 2023 and 2024 season. To investigate the effect of cobalt chloride at three concentrations 0, 5, and 15 mg. L^-1 (C0, C1, C2) and silica gold at four concentrations 0, 5, 10, and 15 ml.L^-1 (Si0, Si1, Si2, Si3) to increase tubers production and quality and raise the storage capacity of industrial potato hybrid Hermes as factorial experiment  within R.C.B.D. with three replicates. The storage experiment was conducted in the refrigerated warehouse belongs to private sector, following the same design of field experiment, the results reveale

Antibiotic residues in food are accelerate the development of antibiotic resistance in bacteria, transfer of antibiotic-resistant bacteria to humans, cause allergies (penicillin), and cancers. This study was designed to investigate the risk factors of some antibiotic residue in imported red meat at Baghdad markets, their reference values, and their impact on genotoxicity and DNA damage in human cells.Atotalof144 meat samples were collected from January to July 2022.The results showed that the overall contamination percentage was35.4%. Buffalo meat showed the lowest contamination percentage 15% whereas the minced beef showed the highest (94.5%) (OR=402.33).Tetracycline residues detected in 42.8% of samples with significant risk (P

تعد قواقع المياة العذبة من نوع Radix auricularia المضيف المتوسط الرئيسي لديدان الكبد العملاقة في وسط وجنوب العراق. بعض الدراسات اشارت مؤخرا الى عدم وجود هذه القواقع في العراق وبالاخص في محافظة البصرة. لهذا هدفت الدراسة الحالية الى استخدام تحليل المعلومات الحيوية في تحديد نوع Radix وتحديد الصفات المظهرية لهذا النوع الذي جمع من نهر السويب في محافظة البصرة. جمع 400 قوقع م

تم إجراء بحث لنبات البورانج حول اختبار السمية الحادة لدقيق البورانج المتعفن. أظهرت نتائج البحث وجود تأثير سام يتميز بارتفاع مستويات SGOT والصوديوم. كان الغرض من هذه الدراسة هو معرفة مستوى الأمان لاستهلاك دقيق البورانج مع محتوى أكسالات الكالسيوم المنخفض. كان هذا البحث عبارة عن دراسة تجريبية مصممة بنمط اتجاهي واحد بتصميم عشوائي تمامًا باستخدام 5 معالجات من إدارة دقيق البورانج بجرعات 0 ؛ 5

الهدف من هذه الدراسة هو استخدام منهجية سطح الاستجابة (RSM) لتقييم تاثير الظروف التجريبية المختلفة على أزاله ليفوفلوكساسين (LVX) من المحاليل المائية عن طريق تقنيه التكتل الكهربائي (EC) مع اقطاب الفولاذ المقاوم للصدا. تم تحقيق عمليه التكتل الكهربائي بنجاح مع كفاءه أزاله 90 ٪. وفقا للنتائج التي تم الحصول عليها من تحليل الانحدار ، ويبين ان البيانات

يمكن للعديد من الأنواع النباتية إنتاج مركبات نشطة بيولوجياً, والتي يمكن أن تلعب دوراً رئيساً في حماية صحة الإنسان, وتعد نبات الشيا واحد من هذه الأنواع النباتية التي اكتسبت شعبية متزايدة بين المجاميع الطبية التقليدية, ومن أجل إلإنتاج المستدام لكتلة حيوية نباتية ذات محتوى عالي من الكيمياء النباتية ، يستلزم أستعمال العديد من النهج التكنولوجية الحيوية. وقد أثبتت التجارب البحثية أن استعم

نفذت هذه الدراسة في كراجي ايران في الموسميين 2017 و 2018  لتقييم الزراعة الصيفية في 22  حزيران والزراعة الربيعية 20  نيسان لستة تراكيب وراثية من البنجر السكري و ثلاثة مواعيد حصاد (13 تشرين اول و 2  تشرين ثاني و 23 تشرين ثاني لحساب الكتلاز ( CAT ) و مال

هدفت الدراسة الحالية الى تحديد اصابة القراد ب Babesia bovis  ، B. bigemina ، و B. divergens باستعمال تقنية تفاعل البلمرة المتسلسل الجزيئية. تم اجماليا فحص 180 بقرة لجمع عينات القراد خلال كانون الاول 2018 الى آب 2019، واظهرت النتائج ان 63 (35%) من الابقار كانت مصابة بالقراد الذي تم تصنيفه مظهريا لجنس Hyalomma وجنس R

تم التقصي عن الاصابة بالاكياس المائية في رئات واكباد الاغنام وعلاقتها بالكليبسيلا الرئوية, العينات جمعت من حيوانات مريضة وصحيحة في مجازرمختلفة لمدن العراق, كل عينة كانت تحتوي آفات تكيسية قسمت الى ثلاث اجزاء, الجزأ الاول  ارسل الى مختبرالمايكروبولوجي, الجزأ الثاني ارسل الى مختبرالطفيليات, الجزأ الثالث ارسل الى مختبرالهستوباثولوجي. عدد100من عينات الرئات والاكباد شخصت عيانيا, وكذلك تم تشخيص العينات في

من أجل وصف الاستجابة المناعية في الفئران المصابة تجريبيا ببكتيريا Pseudomonas aeruginosa المسببة لالتهاب الضرع والتي تم معالجتها بمستخلصات المعززات الحيوية bifidocin و  cazacin لبكترياBifidobacterium spp. وLactobacillus casei. تم تقييم مستوى انترفيرون- كاما وعامل التنخّر الورمي-ألفا في الدم باست

This study was aimed to determine the interaction of cement kiln dust - aqueous solution contaminated with Cadmium ions was studied through set of batch tests with operational conditions of contact time ≤120 min, sorbent dosage from 0.05 to 1 g/100 mL and agitation speed ranged from 50 to 300 rpm for initial concentration of 50 mg/L with initial pH of 3 to simulate the acetogenic phase in the sanitary landfill. The best values of these conditions are 1 hr, 0.7 g/100 mL and 250 rpm respectively, To obtain maximum removal efficiencies of 97.6%. Freundlich and Langmuir models have a high ability in the representation of the sorption data with determination coeffic

This study was aimed to investigate the development and evaluation of artificial intelligence techniques by using multilayer neural network. Levenberg–Marquardt back propagation (LMA) training algorithm was applied for calculating drinking water quality index (WQI) for Euphrates river (IRAQ). The transfer functions in the artificial network model were tangent sigmoid and linear for hidden and output layers, respectively. Eleven neurons presented for good prediction for results of (WQI) with a coefficient of correlation >0.97 and statistically calculated WQI values, inferring that the model predictions explain 94% of the variation in the calculated WQI scores. The WQI score of the Euphrates was 142 considered as poor. The an

The present study was designed to investigate the possibility of using Lactobacillus as a skin probiotic. For this purpose, 63 isolates of Lactobacillus sp. were collected from dairy products and human mouth samples. The isolates were screened for bacteriocin production by primary and secondary screening against three common skin pathogens. The results showed that the isolate Lactobacillus HT1give the highest productivity of bacteriocin (320AU/ml), the efficient isolate was identified through molecular detection using 16S ribosomal RNA gene. In addition, result showed that L. acidophilus HT1 was un encapsulated

يهدف البحث الى دراسة العلاقة  البايولوجية  بين هرمونات الريسيستين، الأديبونيكتين، الفيسفاتين والجريلين مع بعض علامات التخثر. شملت الدراسة 130 مريضا و 42 حالة سيطرة. تم تقدير هرمونات مصل الدم رسيستين، أديبونيكتين، فيسفاتين، جريلين وبعض المعلمات الدموية والكيمياء الحيوية الأخرى. أظهر التحليل الإحصائي أن مستويات resistin وadiponectin و visfatin و ghre

هدفت الدراسة إلى إستحثاث التغاير الوراثي بالتطفير الكيميائي بمادة اثيل مثيل سلفونيت لتحفيز تحمّل إجهاد الجفاف في سلالتين وهجينهما الفردي من الذرة الصفراء, وإنعكاس ذلك في الأداء المظهري للنباتات. نُفّذت التجربة في حقول محطة أبحاث ابي غريب- دائرة البحوث الزراعية- بغداد في الموسم الربيعي 2019. تضمنت التجربة ثلاث فواصل ري واربعة تراكيز من EMS (0 و