جاء البحث متكوناً من أربعة فصول مع قائمة بالمصادر كالآتي : حيث يتناول الفصل الأول الإطار المنهجي للبحث ، إذ يبدأ بعرض مشكلة البحث التي تلقي الضوء على آلة العود التي يرجع تاريخ ضهورها في الحياة الموسيقية إلى العصر الأكدي ، في العراق القديم ، ثم أنتقلت لاحقاً إلى الأقطار المجاورة والقريبة في عصور ما قبل الإسلام . وفي العصور الإسلامية المتتالية أزدهر الفن الموسيقي ، وبخاصة في العصر العباسي ، وعلى نحو خاص في مدينة بغداد ، وكان العود هو الآلة الأكثر تداولاً من قبل العازفين والمغنين والملحنين ، والتي أستعملها منظري الموسيقى في شرح النظريات الموسيقية ، حيث تناول الفلاسفة كل من الكندي ، والفارابي ، وابن سينا ، والأرموي في مؤلفاتهم مواضع الأصابع ( Positions ) في العزف على آلة العود ، ومن خلال إطلاع الباحث على المصادر والبحوث التي كُتبت حول نظريات الموسيقى وتاريخها لم يجد الباحث دراسة أختصت بتفسير ما جاء عند الفلاسفة العرب وغير العرب ، في العصر العباسي ، حول مواضع الأصابع في العزف على آلة العود بحسب التدوين الموسيقي الحديث ، ومن هذا المنطلق تبلورت لدى الباحث القناعة بأن هناك حاجة ماسة لإجراء دراسة علمية وتحليلة عن ( مواضع الأصابع في العزف على آلة العود في النظرية الموسيقية العربية ) . ثم بين الباحث أهمية بحثه ، أما الهدف فتحدد بالكشف عن استخدام مواضع الأصابع على آلة العود وضمن تسلسل الأصابع المنهجي في النظرية الموسيقية العربية في العصر العباسي عند كل من الكندي والفارابي وابن سينا والأرموي ، ثم وضح الباحث حدود بحثه وتعريف المصطلحات . أما الفصل الثاني فتضمن الإطار النظري وما أسفر عنه ، تكون الإطار النظري من مبحثين ، جاء في المبحث الأول منه تاريخ آلة العود منذ ظهورها في العراق القديم (العصر الأكدي ) ، ثم أهمية ابتكار آلة العود في العراق القديم ، وتطرق الباحث في هذا المبحث إلى آلة العود في العصر الجاهلي ، وضم المبحث أيضاً موضوع آلة العود في العصور الإسلامية المتتالية . وفي المبحث الثاني تناول الباحث مواضع أصابع اليد العازفة على زند ( عنق ) آلة العود عند كل من الكندي والفارابي وابن سينا والأرموي ، ثم خرج بما أسفر عنه الإطار النظري . وأحتوى الفصل الثالث على إجراءات البحث ، إذ حدد فيه الباحث المنهج الذي أتبعه في هذا البحث ، ومجتمع بحثه ، ومن ثم مرجلة جمع المعلومات . وقد تضمن هذا الفصل تحليل محتوى نظريات الفلاسفة حول مواضع الأصابع ( Positions ) على أوتار آلة العود التي عرضت في الفصل الثاني ( الإطار النظري ) . وفي الفصل الرابع خرج الباحث بمجموعة من الاستنتاجات محققاً بذلك هدف بحثه وبعدها وضح الباحث التوصيات والمقترحات ، وجاء بعدها قائمة بالمصادر ، وأخيراً مستخلص البحث باللغة الانكليزية .
It is widely accepted that early diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease (AD) makes it possible for patients to gain access to appropriate health care services and would facilitate the development of new therapies. AD starts many years before its clinical manifestations and a biomarker that provides a measure of changes in the brain in this period would be useful for early diagnosis of AD. Given the rapid increase in the number of older people suffering from AD, there is a need for an accurate, low-cost and easy to use biomarkers that could be used to detect AD in its early stages. Potentially, the electroencephalogram (EEG) can play a vital role in this but at present, no reliable EEG biomarker exists for early diagnosis of AD. The gradual s
... Show MoreHate speech (henceforth HS) has recently spread and become an important issue. This type of speech in children's writings has a particular formulation and specific objectives that the authors intend to convey. Thus, the study aims at examining qualitatively and quantitatively the classism HS and its pragmatic functions via identifying the speech acts used to express classism HS, the implicature instigated as well as impoliteness. Since pragmatics is the study of language in context, which is greatly related to the situations and speaker’s intention, this study depends on pragmatic theoriespeech acts, impoliteness and conversational implicature) to analyze the data which are taken from Katherine Mansfield's short story (The D
... Show MoreEye Detection is used in many applications like pattern recognition, biometric, surveillance system and many other systems. In this paper, a new method is presented to detect and extract the overall shape of one eye from image depending on two principles Helmholtz & Gestalt. According to the principle of perception by Helmholz, any observed geometric shape is perceptually "meaningful" if its repetition number is very small in image with random distribution. To achieve this goal, Gestalt Principle states that humans see things either through grouping its similar elements or recognize patterns. In general, according to Gestalt Principle, humans see things through genera
... Show MoreData security is an important component of data communication and transmission systems. Its main role is to keep sensitive information safe and integrated from the sender to the receiver. The proposed system aims to secure text messages through two security principles encryption and steganography. The system produced a novel method for encryption using graph theory properties; it formed a graph from a password to generate an encryption key as a weight matrix of that graph and invested the Least Significant Bit (LSB) method for hiding the encrypted message in a colored image within a green component. Practical experiments of (perceptibility, capacity, and robustness) were calculated using similarity measures like PSNR, MSE, and
... Show MoreThe aim of the research is to identify the effectiveness of the educational pillars strategy based on Vygotsky's theory in mathematical achievement and information processing of first-grade intermediate students. In pursuit of the research objectives, the experimental method was used, and the quasi-experimental design was used for two equivalent groups, one control group taught traditionally and the other experi-mental taught according to the educational pillars strategy. The research sample consisted of (66) female students from the first intermediate grade, who were inten-tionally chosen after ensuring their equivalence, taking into account several factors, most notably chronological age and their level of mathematics, and they we
... Show MoreThe topic of the research revolves around constructivist theory, which is one of the most important theories that added weight to the theoretical and epistemological field of international relations. The constructivist theory studies international relations from a completely different side of theories by focusing on the social aspects of international relations, and by looking at international relations as social constructs. Ideas, cultures, norms, standards and language play a major role in their formation. The study also examines the state of the war on terrorism as it represents one of the most international cases in which its composition and composition coincide with constructive ideas and a
... Show MoreEdward Albee (1928-2016) is an American dramatist who is notorious for his controversial works. Albee's plays generate a crisis of a restraint situation and a point of no return where characters trespass the limits and get caught up in a tragic cycle. The Goat or Who is Sylvia? )2000) is one of his controversial pieces, addressing (human-animal relations). This theatrical masterpiece unleashes man's wildest desires and ravaging behavior. Bestiality is a criminal offense placed in the domain of mental disorders attributed to the lack of emotional support, anxiety, depression, and psychological problems. It is also a serious moral infraction of communities' socio-religious traditions. In this play, Martin’s bestiality lead
... Show MoreThe purpose of current study is to analyze the computer textbooks content for intermediate stage in Iraq according to the theory of multiple intelligence. By answering the following question “what is the percentage of availability of multiple intelligence in the content of the computer textbooks on intermediate stage (grade I, II) for the academic year (2017-2018)? The researcher followed the descriptive analytical research approach (content analysis), and adopted an explicit idea for registration. The research tool was prepared according the Gardner’s classification of multiple intelligence. It has proven validity and reliability. The study found the percentage of multiple intelligence in the content of computer textbooks for the in
... Show MoreThis paper aims to find new analytical closed-forms to the solutions of the nonhomogeneous functional differential equations of the nth order with finite and constants delays and various initial delay conditions in terms of elementary functions using Laplace transform method. As well as, the definition of dynamical systems for ordinary differential equations is used to introduce the definition of dynamical systems for delay differential equations which contain multiple delays with a discussion of their dynamical properties: The exponential stability and strong stability
Proverbs gain their importance not only from the fact that they represent a cultural record of the people of every nation, but they reveal the way they use language and how they exploit their environments as a good source of inspiration to enrich that language. Domestic animals, as part of every environment, play a major role in composing proverbs in every nation.
This study is an attempt to pragmastylistically analyse some selected English and Iraqi rural proverbs using domestic animals in their texts. It limits itself to investigate certain stylistic and pragmatic devices such as: the type of sentences, their lengths, their content and grammatical words, the part of speech used, metaph
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