Writing in English is one of the essential factors for successful                      EFL learning .Iraqi students at the preparatory schools encounter problems when using their background knowledge in handling subskills                                  of writing(Burhan,2013:164).Therefore, this study aims to investigate the 4^thyear preparatory school students’ problems in English composition writing, and find solutions to these pro

Gas and downhole water sink-assisted gravity drainage (GDWS-AGD) is a new process of enhanced oil recovery (EOR) in oil reservoirs underlain by large bottom aquifers. The process is capital intensive as it requires the construction of dual-completed wells for oil production and water drainage and additional multiple vertical gas-injection wells. The costs could be substantially reduced by eliminating the gas-injection wells and using triple-completed multi-functional wells. These wells are dubbed triple-completion-GDWS-AGD (TC-GDWS-AGD). In this work, we design and optimize the TC-GDWS-AGD oil recovery process in a fictitious oil reservoir (Punq-S3) that emulates a real North Sea oil field. The design aims at maximum oil recovery us

Hydrogen sulfide (H₂S) gas sensor based on cobalt–manganese spinel oxide MnCo₂O₄ thin films that were prepared by chemical precipitation and green synthesis methods. Structural, morphological, and compositional characterizations of MnCo₂O₄ thin films were performed using XRD, FE-SEM, EDS, and AFM. It was found through XRD patterns that MnCo₂O₄ was formed in a cubic spinel structure for both methods; however, the chemically precipitated thin films possessed better crystallinity and larger crystallite sizes, whereas the green-synthesized films exhibited slightly lower crystallinities and smaller sizes, as evidenced by the broader peaks observed. In addition, FE-SEM and AFM images revealed that the MnCo₂O₄ films prepared by

The study examines Julia Alvarez's role as a Dominican American author, poet, and essayist. Despite being born in New York City in 1950, she was raised in the Dominican Republic by a family with Dominican heritage. Her residence in her ancestral homeland significantly influenced her subsequent literary works. Upon her father's implication in a conspiracy against Dominican President, he departed from the Dominican Republic. Alvarez encountered the challenge of the English language. They were compelled to acquire proficiency in English due to the prevailing perception that anyone who spoke a language other than English were deemed "un-American" during that period. Alvarez recounted her initial encounters in the United States and the subseque

This study aimed at identifying how children express the emerging coronavirus in general and according to their age groups (4-13 years) by analyzing 91 of their drawings published online, using the descriptive content analytical approach. The results showed that children's artistic expression of the virus came according to the concepts and ideas they carried about the virus for the age groups of (4-7 years) and (7-9 years), while it came according to visual perception for age groups (9-11 years), and from (11-13) years. Also, most children were aware about the presence of the virus and its widespread around the world, but (99%) of them do not realize the seriousness of the virus. It was confirmed that between (25-34%) of children were su

This study proposes a hybrid predictive maintenance framework that integrates the Kolmogorov-Arnold Network (KAN) with Short-Time Fourier Transform (STFT) for intelligent fault diagnosis in industrial rotating machinery. The method is designed to address challenges posed by non-linear and non-stationary vibration signals under varying operational conditions. Experimental validation using the FALEX multispecimen test bench demonstrated a high classification accuracy of 97.5%, outperforming traditional models such as SVM, Random Forest, and XGBoost. The approach maintained robust performance across dynamic load scenarios and noisy environments, with precision and recall exceeding 95%. Key contributions include a hardware-accelerated K

The research deals with the lyrical introduction in the commentary of Tarfa bin al-Abd as a formative system characterized by flexibility and richness of imagination, which achieved a formative treatment and a unique construction within the structures of the structural and semantic language. I dealt with the poetic verses represented by the lyrical introduction as a formative hypothesis, basing its goal on a methodological framework distributed on the problem that was summarized by the following question: Is it possible to look at the poetic pattern within the pre-Islamic poem / hanging blinking as a model, in its plastic dimensions and to identify the stylistic treatment that achieves the formation space within the poetic text. The rese

Using zooplankton as bioindicators, this study evaluates the ecological condition of the Euphrates River in Iraq's Babylon Province. Site 1 (North Hillah, next to the old Babylon ruins), Site 2 (Hillah city center), Site 3 (South Hillah, close to Al-Mahaweel), and Site 4 (near Al-Kifl town) were the four monitoring locations chosen along the river. The highest and lowest averages of the measured physical and chemical factors indicate temperature (25.1°-29.4°), pH (7.2-7.9), electrical conductivity (EC) (940 µS/cm-1241µS/cm), total dissolved solids TDS (591 mg/L-789mg/L), dissolved oxygen (DO) (5.6 mg/ l-7.1 mg/L), biological oxygen demand (BOD5) (2.4mg/L-4.2 mg/L), nitrate (1.3 mg/L–3.2 mg/L), nitrite (0.04 mg/L–0.13 mg/L),