Type 2 daibetes mellitus (T2DM) is a global concern boosted by both population growth and ageing, the majority of affected people are aged between (40- 59 year). The objective of this research was to estimate the impact of age and gender on glycaemic control parameters: Fasting blood glucose (FBC), glycated hemoglobin (HbA1C), insulin, insulin resistance (IR) and insulin sensitivity (IS), renal function parameters: urea, creatinine and oxidative stress parameters: total antioxidant capacity (TAC) and reactive oxygen species (ROS). Eighty-one random samples of T2DM patients (35 men and 46 women) were included in this study, their average age was 52.75±9.63 year. Current study found that FBG, HbA1C and IR were highly significant (P<0.01) increased by increasing age. The lowest level of FBG was in the age group 30-39 years, which was a high significant (P<0.01) lower than other age groups 40-49, 50-59 and ³ 60 years. The highest level of HbA1C was in advanced age group ³ 60years, which was significantly (P<0.01) highest than other groups 30-39, 40-49 and 50-59 years. The highest level of IR was in the older age group ³ 60 years, which was significantly (P<0.01) highest than other age groups 30-39, 40-49 and 50-59 years. Insulin hormone level showed no significant (P>0.05) differences between age groups. Insulin sensitivity decreased in older age group ³ 60years compared with the other age groups with a highly significant differences. The results shows a highly significant (P<0.01) increasing in levels of urea and creatinine with increasing age. The lowest level of urea was found in 30- 39 and 40-49 year compared with other age groups, highest levels of creatinine were in 50-59 and ³ 60 age groups, which were significantly (P<0.01) highest than 30-39, 40-49 years age groups. In present study, the levels of TAC decreased by age. Third age group 50-59 showed the lowest level of TAC, which was significantly (P<0.05) lower than other age groups 30-39, 40-49 and ³ 60 years. Statistical analysis showed that the level of ROS was significantly (P<0.05) increased in advanced age groups 50- 59 and ³ 60years compared with other age groups 30-39 and 40-49 years. Statistical analysis revealed a significant (P<0.05) increased in levels of FBG in women compared with men, while insignificant differences (P>0.05) found in the HbA1c and insulin levels. A highly significant (P<0.01) increased in IR value was also found in women compared with men. Also, statistical analysis show that IS value was significantly decrease in women compared with men. The statistical analysis showed a nonsignificant differences for increasing levels of urea in women compared to men, while current finding showed a highly significant (P<0.01) increase in creatinine levels in men as compared with women. The present study showed insignificant increasing in the mean of TAC in men compared to women. While, the mean of ROS was significantly (P<0.05) increase in women compared to men.
Since the beginning of the twentieth century, the art of composition has witnessed major transformations that accompanied the transformations that occurred in the cognitive field. The plastic artists rejected the prevailing artistic line, and sought to create a new artistic format that accommodates the new social and cultural problems. So was the announcement of the era of modernity in the late nineteenth century, with the birth of the impressionism movement that gave a place to challenge all that is familiar. . And he drew the attention of the researcher, and for that he chose the research title (Characteristics of Modernity in the Works of Saleh Al-Jumayyi (Analytical Study)) The researcher divided the research as follows:
Methodolo
The current study aimed to determine the morphometric and meristic characteristics of the North African catfish Clarias gariepinus (Burchell, 1822). Six specimens of C. gariepinus were collected from the Tigris River, in central Iraq. This study is considered the confirmation first record of this species in Iraq, and the second documentation of this exotic fish. The present species is characterized by a very long dorsal fin, a rounded caudal fin and four pairs of barbels.
Background: Molars and premolars are considered as the most vulnerable teeth of caries attack, which is related to the morphology of their occlusal surfaces along with the difficulty of plaque removal. different methods were used for early caries detection that provide sensitive, accurate preoperative diagnosis of caries depths to establish adequate preventive measures and avoid premature tooth treatment by restoration. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the clinical sensitivity and specificity rates of DIAGNOdent and visual inspection as opposed to the ICDAS for the detection of initial occlusal caries in noncavitated first permanent molars. Materials and Methods: This study examined 139 occlusal surface of the first permanent
... Show MoreEnglish has for long been one of the most widely used media of communication globally, especially in the Malaysian universities. It has been termed as a Lingua Franca because it is shared with other languages which are considered first languages by different speakers. For this reason, English as a Lingua Franca (ELF) has attracted a number of researchers to investigate its variety via other languages in various communities. The objective of this paper is therefore to establish the strategies which are employing by the international students at the National University of Malaysia/ UniversitiKebangsaan Malaysia (UKM) as an example of one of the Malaysian universities; when they e
... Show MoreKE Sharquie, SM Al-Tammimy, S Al-Mashhadani, RK Hayani, AA Al-Nuaimy, Dermatology online journal, 2006 - Cited by 34
Patients are very concerned about the lengthy nature of orthodontic treatment. It is necessary to find a non-invasive way to quicken physiologic tooth movement. This study's objective was to assess the effectiveness of low-intensity laser therapy in shortening the time and discomfort of orthodontic treatment. Experimental work: Using a split-mouth study to compare tooth movement with conventional treatment and laser-accelerated orthodontic tooth movement. A patient presenting with a class II division I malocclusion characterized by the misalignment of the upper and lower teeth as classified by Angle’s molar classification system was indicated to undergo fixed orthodontic appliance orthodontic treatment. The treatment plan involved bila
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