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Credit Card Fraud Detection Challenges and Solutions: A Review
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     Credit card fraud has become an increasing problem due to the growing reliance on electronic payment systems and technological advances that have improved fraud techniques. Numerous financial institutions are looking for the best ways to leverage technological advancements to provide better services to their end users, and researchers used various protection methods to provide security and privacy for credit cards. Therefore, it is necessary to identify the challenges and the proposed solutions to address them.  This review provides an overview of the most recent research on the detection of fraudulent credit card transactions to protect those transactions from tampering or improper use, which includes imbalance classes, concept drift, and verification latency problems using machine learning and deep learning. It also provides valuable information for academic and industrial researchers and opens new avenues for research aimed at developing robust fraud detection systems.

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Publication Date
Fri Dec 01 2023
Journal Name
Iop Conference Series: Earth And Environmental Science
Estimation of secondary compounds content of some citrus leaves and their relationship by dietary preference for yellow scale insect Aonidiella. Orientalis (Hemiptera: Diaspididae)
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Abstract<p>The yellow scale insect <italic>Aonidiella orientalis</italic> is an important pest of citrus trees as it absorbs sap from leaves and fruits, causing leaves to turn yellow and deform fruits and drop them. The results of study showed nutritional preference of the insect over some of studied citrus species, as sour orange was the most preferred, followed by lemon and grapefruit, mandarin and oranges were least preferred, with a rate of 22.3, 13.3, 11.7, 10.8, 3.9, and insect / 2 inch<sup>2</sup>, respectively. while results showed a difference in the content of citrus leaves from the secondary compounds, with highest concentration of phenols and total flavonoids in o</p> ... Show More
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Publication Date
Tue Mar 10 2026
Journal Name
Journal Of Baghdad College Of Dentistry
Assessment of some mechanical properties of Imprelon® and Duran® thermoplastic Biostar machine sheets in comparison with some types of acrylic resins
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Background: Imprelon® Biostar foils are new alternative tray material that has become increasingly popular because oftheir several advantages. Also, (Duran®) is another type of Biostar foils which is used in splint therapy. This study assessed some mechanical properties of these two types Biostar sheets in comparison with some types of acrylic resins used for construction of trays and splints. Materials and Methods: A total of 150 specimens were prepared, 30 specimens for each test, 10 for each group material in order to assess some mechanical properties of the Imprelon® Biostar foil (dimension stability, surface roughness and shear bond strength of Imprelon® materialto zinc oxide impression material) and compare them to that of the oth

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Publication Date
Wed Jan 01 2025
Journal Name
International Journal Of Physiology, Sports And Physical Education
The effect of compound exercises supported by information technology (GPS Ubiko and Polar verity senses) on the development of endurance in football players
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Publication Date
Sat Oct 01 2022
Journal Name
Baghdad Science Journal
Using Pomegranate Peel Extract to Change the Adverse Effect of Ethephon by Enhancing its Antioxidant, Anti-inflammatory, and Anti-apoptotic Effects in Rats
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Organophosphorus insecticide and growth regulator namely Ethephon (2-chloroethylphosphonic acid) are widely used as a ripening process accelerator and a cultivation duration inhibitor. Pomegranate extract (PPE) has recently been taken into consideration due to its pharmacological effects especially those associated with renal diseases. Thus, this study aims to investigate the possible protective effect of PPE against ethephon-induced nephrotoxicity in rats. In this study four groups of adult male rats were divided into control group, PPE 400 mg/kg group, Ethephon 250 mg/kg group, and finally, PPE + Ethephon group (treated with the same dose of PPE group and Ethephon group). In the current study, kidney function parameters (KIM-1, creatin

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Publication Date
Fri Mar 01 2019
Journal Name
Al-khwarizmi Engineering Journal
Comparison of Practical Investigations for CO Emissions Emitted From Single Cylinder S. I. Engine Fueled With Different Kinds of Hydrocarbon Fuels and Hydrogen
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Liquefied petroleum gas (LPG), Natural gas (NG) and hydrogen were all used to operate spark ignition internal combustion engine Ricardo E6. A comparison of CO emissions emitted from each case, with emissions emitted from engine fueled with gasoline as a fuel is conducted.

The study was accomplished when engine operated at HUCR for gasoline n(8:1), was compared with its operation at HUCR for each fuel. Compression ratio, equivalence ratio and spark timing were studied at constant speed 1500 rpm.

CO concentrations were little at lean ratios; it appeared to be effected a little with equivalence ratio in this side, at rich side its values became higher, and it appeared to be effected by equivalence ratio highly, the results s

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Publication Date
Sun Aug 30 2020
Journal Name
Journal Of Economics And Administrative Sciences
Achieve the internal and external dimensions of corporate social responsibility through the human resources management strategies / case study in the Municipality of Ramadi.
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The main focus of research is on how to achieve the internal and external dimensions of corporate social responsibility through human resources management strategies, which is a major of research aimed. The main problem of this research was confirmed, which confirms that there is an unclear role for social responsibility, lack of human resources management strategies, and ambiguity of roles in the municipality under study. The diagnose of the problem and determining the gap between the internal and external dimensions of social responsibility and human resources management was identified, which attacked the researcher's attention to navigate in this subject, look for the reasons for the gaps and try to reduce them. The case study

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Publication Date
Wed Oct 31 2018
Journal Name
Al-kindy College Medical Journal
Peers Pressure And Families Smoking Habit Influence On Smoking Behavior among male Students attending Secondary Schools At second Al- Kurkh education Directorate /Baghdad.
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Background:  There is a strong desire of adolescent to have a peer group and to be appreciated and also to become a member of this group which can affect one each other. There for; encourage, adapting,and imitating of friends and group consider as the main reasons behind starting of smoking among youngsters. Smoking habits in the family were found tobe acause of smoking pressure among adolescentas peer pressure. Smoking habit may be started before 18 years of age in most adult smokers.

Objectives: To study the effect of peer pressure and family smoking habiton the prevalence of smoking among secondary school students.

Type of the study:  A cross

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Publication Date
Wed Oct 26 2022
Journal Name
Research Journal Of Chemistry And Environment
Synthesis, Antioxidant ability and Docking study for new 4, 4'-((2-(Aryl)-1H-benzo [d] imidazole-1, 3 (2H)-diyl) bis (methylene)) diphenol
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New series of 4,4'-((2-(Aryl)-1H-benzo[d]imidazole1,3(2H)-diyl)bis(methylene))Diphenol(3a-g) was successfully synthesized from cyclization of the reduction product of bis Schiff bases (2) with aryl aldehydes bearing phenolic hydroxyl in the presence of acetic acid. The structure of these compounds was identified from FT-IR, 1H NMR, 13C NMR and EIMs. The Antioxidant capability was screened by DPPH and FRAP assays. Both assays showed antioxidant capability more than BHT as well. Compounds 3b and 3c showed antioxidant capacity slightly less than ascorbic acid. The docking study for theses compound was carried out as III DNA polymerase inhibitor. The results of docking demonstrated that the increase in hinderances around phenolic hy

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Publication Date
Sat Jun 01 2019
Journal Name
Agricultural Engineering
Comparing Nozzles with Different Wear Rate and Working with the Same Application Rate of Different Plant Protection Products in Aspect of Plants Condition
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Abstract<p>Three different types of nozzles (different wear rate) were used in this study. They are classified depending on the severity of their wear to three groups: new, worn and damaged nozzles. Those nozzles were spraying with the same application rate (303 l/ha) on two-year field trials; this was achieved by changing the spraying pressure for each group of nozzles in order to get the same application rate. This practice is usually done by operators of sprayers, who calibrate the sprayers on the same application rate every year without changing the nozzles, so they tend to reduce the spraying pressure in order to compensate the flow rate increase due to the nozzles yearly wear. Two types of</p> ... Show More
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Publication Date
Sun Jan 01 2023
Journal Name
Brazilian Dental Science
Effect of adhesive primer application on shear bond strength of self-adhesive cement to tooth structure and two different CAD/CAM milled blocks
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