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Performance Evaluation of Modified Hard-Grade Asphalt Binder Using Waste PVC Derived from Flex Banners
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Hard-grade asphalt binders, such as AC 20–30, offer excellent resistance to permanent deformation but are inherently brittle, making them highly susceptible to fatigue and low-temperature cracking. While polymer modification addresses these issues, virgin polymers remain expensive. Despite the growing interest in recycled plastics, the rheological impact of complex waste streams, specifically polyvinyl chloride (PVC) derived from flex banners containing plasticizers, on excessively stiff binders within the complete Superpave Performance Grading (PG) framework remains critically underexplored. This study introduces a novel valorization approach by utilizing solvent-extracted flex banner waste (WPVC) as a dual-action modifier. It leverages the stiffening effect of the PVC network alongside the softening effect of leached plasticizers to redistribute the viscoelastic properties of hard-grade bitumen. The primary objective is to upgrade AC 20–30 into a balanced, climate-resilient binder. WPVC was incorporated at 10%, 20%, and 30% by weight. A comprehensive evaluation was performed using microstructural and chemical analyses, including Fourier transform infrared (FTIR), energy-dispersive X-ray (EDX), and optical microscopy, along with advanced rheological testing such as frequency sweep (master curve), multiple stress creep recovery (MSCR), linear amplitude sweep (LAS), and the Glover–Rowe (G–R) index. Results demonstrated that WPVC integration significantly improved microstructural homogeneity without accelerating oxidative aging. The 20% WPVC dosage emerged as the optimum configuration, effectively reducing rotational viscosity and excessive high-temperature stiffness while maintaining exceptional rutting resistance suitable for extreme traffic (PG82-E). Crucially, the intermediate-temperature performance was remarkably enhanced; the WPVC20 blend exhibited a 918% increase in fatigue life (at 2.5% strain) in the LAS test compared to the base binder. Furthermore, the G-R index confirmed a substantial reduction in cracking susceptibility. Ultimately, this research provides a sustainable, data-driven pathway for transforming hazardous flex banner waste into a high-value modifier for durable flexible pavements.

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Publication Date
Wed Nov 01 2017
Journal Name
Biochemical Engineering Journal
Waste date seed oil extract as an alternative feedstock for Poly(3-hydroxybutyrate) synthesis
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Publication Date
Sat Jan 04 2020
Journal Name
زانكو - الإنسانيات
The Effect of Linguistic Propositions on the Collection of Arabic Language Norms and the Development of Critical Thinking among Middle-Grade Students.
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The reality of teaching the Arabic language rules is not satisfactory, as the pedagogical methods used do not help students develop their mental skills, especially critical thinking skills. They are often traditional in terms of teaching students, who are passive, passive, often passive, active, and often active, their listening task, and the teacher's task of narrating facts and judgments. It is a blind simulation student, a dependency on others, and a weak spirit of creativity, innovation, and opinion. The opinions of educators and teachers almost agree on the reasons for students' weakness in learning the rules of Arabic, and that the reason lies in the way of teaching. The difficulty or the ease of the rules of Arabic does not lie in th

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Publication Date
Tue Nov 01 2016
Journal Name
Journal Of Economics And Administrative Sciences
Academic Accreditation From The point Of view The Teaching Staff Of Iraqi Expatriates And Its Impact On Strategic Performance Of Institutions Of Higher Education - Field Research
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Abstract

       The Research Includes Two Variables : First , Academic Accreditation with his dimensions ( Educational Context , Educational Inputs , Educational Process , Educational Outputs , Feedback ) , And The Second : Strategic Performance With His dimensions ( Financing , Satisfaction Stakeholders , Internal Processes , Learning And Growth ) , The Research Highlights On The Academic Accreditation System Which Is Considered A Major And Important Systems Can Through Which Administration Of Activities And Programs Institutions Of Higher Education , As This research aims to determine his relationship And The Extent Of Its Effect In The Strategic Performance , And It Includes The Research C

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Publication Date
Wed Dec 01 2021
Journal Name
Baghdad Science Journal
Studying the Photodegradation of Congo Red Dye from Aqueous Solutions Using Bimetallic Au–Pd/TiO2 Photocatalyst
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In this study, the photodegradation of Congo red dye (CR) in aqueous solution was investigated using Au-Pd/TiO2 as photocatalyst. The concentration of dye, dosage of photocatalyst, amount of H2O2, pH of the medium and temperature were examined to find the optimum values of these parameters. It has been found that 28 ppm was the best dye concentration. The optimum amount of photocatalyst was 0.09 g/75 mL of dye solution when the degradation percent was ~ 96 % after irradiation time of 12 hours, while the best amount of hydrogen peroxide was 7μl/75 mL of dye solution at degradation percent ~97 % after irradiation time of 10 hours, whereas pH 5 was the best value to carry out the reaction at the highest degradation percent. In additio

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Publication Date
Wed Dec 01 2021
Journal Name
Baghdad Science Journal
Studying the Photodegradation of Congo Red Dye from Aqueous Solutions Using Bimetallic Au–Pd/TiO2 Photocatalyst
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In this study, the photodegradation of Congo red dye (CR) in aqueous solution was investigated using Au-Pd/TiO2 as photocatalyst. The concentration of dye, dosage of photocatalyst, amount of H2O2, pH of the medium and temperature were examined to find the optimum values of these parameters. It has been found that 28 ppm was the best dye concentration. The optimum amount of photocatalyst was 0.09 g/75 mL of dye solution when the degradation percent was ~ 96 % after irradiation time of 12 hours, while the best amount of hydrogen peroxide was 7μl/75 mL of dye solution at degradation percent ~97 % after irradiation time of 10 hours, whereas pH 5 was the best value to carry out the reaction at the highest degradation percent. In additio

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Publication Date
Sat Feb 01 2020
Journal Name
Journal Of Water Process Engineering
Predominant mechanisms for the removal of nickel metal ion from aqueous solution using cement kiln dust
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Publication Date
Fri Mar 31 2017
Journal Name
Iraqi Journal Of Chemical And Petroleum Engineering
Removal of Ni(II), Pb(II), and Cu(II) from Industrial Wastewater by Using NF Membrane
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This article reviews the technical applicability of nanofiltration membrane process for the removal of nickel, lead, and copper ions from industrial wastewater.

Synthetic industrial wastewater samples containing Ni(II), Pb(II), and Cu(II) ions at various concentrations (50, 100, 150 and 200 ppm), under different pressures (1, 2, 3 and 4 bar), temperatures (10, 20, 30 and 40 oC), pH (2, 3, 4, 5 and 5.5), and flow rates (1, 2, 3 and 4 L/hr), were prepared and subjected treated by NF systems in the laboratory. Suitable NF membrane was chosen after testing a number of NF membranes (University of Technology-Baghdad), in terms of production and removal. NF system was capable of removing more than (85%, 78%, and 66% for Ni(II

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Publication Date
Mon Oct 01 2018
Journal Name
Conference: First International Conference On Water Resources
Modeling BOD of the Effluent from Abu-Ghraib Diary Factory using Artificial Neural Network October 2018
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The proper operation, and control of wastewater treatment plants, is receiving an increasing attention, because of the rising concern about environmental issues. In this research a mathematical model was developed to predict biochemical oxygen demand in the waste water discharged from Abu-Ghraib diary factory in Baghdad using Artificial Neural Network (ANN).In this study the best selection of the input data were selected from the recorded parameters of the wastewater from the factory. The ANN model developed was built up with the following parameters: Chemical oxygen demand, Dissolved oxygen, pH, Total dissolved solids, Total suspended solids, Sulphate, Phosphate, Chloride and Influent flow rate. The results indicated that the constructed A

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Publication Date
Wed Dec 01 2021
Journal Name
Baghdad Science Journal
Studying the Photodegradation of Congo Red Dye from Aqueous Solutions Using Bimetallic Au–Pd/TiO2 Photocatalyst
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In this study, the photodegradation of Congo red dye (CR) in aqueous solution was investigated using Au-Pd/TiO2 as photocatalyst. The concentration of dye, dosage of photocatalyst, amount of H2O2, pH of the medium and temperature were examined to find the optimum values of these parameters. It has been found that 28 ppm was the best dye concentration. The optimum amount of photocatalyst was 0.09 g/75 mL of dye solution when the degradation percent was ~ 96 % after irradiation time of 12 hours, while the best amount of hydrogen peroxide was 7μl/75 mL of dye solution at degradation percent ~97 % after irradiation time of 10 hours, whereas pH 5 was the best value to carry out the reaction at the highest deg

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Publication Date
Tue Oct 26 2021
Journal Name
Egyptian Journal Of Chemistry
Synthesis of new polymers linked to heterocyclic using zinc oxide with nanostructures extracted from natural sources
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