The marine collagens are biocompatible and biodegradable materials that are considered as a biomimetic approach for tissue regeneration. This study evaluated the effect of daily consumption of marine collagen supplement drink on enamel white spot lesions (WSLs), comparing the results against Regenerate system and Sylc air abrasion methods. Fifty human enamel slabs were allocated into five groups (n = 10 per group): non-treated (sound); non-treated (WSLs, 8% methylcellulose gel with 0.1 M lactic acid (pH 4.6) at 37 °C for 21 days); and three treated surfaces with marine collagen; Regenerate system; and Sylc air abrasion. The treatment lasted for 28 days followed by four weeks’ storage in artificial saliva (pH = 7.0, 37 °C). Evaluations were conducted via micro-Raman Spectroscopy and Knoop microhardness at varying depths (50–200 μm), followed by morphological assessments using scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The marine collagen-treated surfaces demonstrated higher phosphate intensity and Knoop hardness values (KHN) compared to WSLs (p < 0.001) up to 150 μm depth, approaching that of sound enamel and other treated surfaces (p > 0.05). A significant positive correlation (p > 0.001) was recognized between the mineral content and corresponding KHN, particularly in the superficial layers. Notably, a compact layer of mineral-like structure was observed at the marine-treated surfaces covering the exposed lesion and enhancing surface integrity. These findings suggest that the use of marine collagen supplements can effectively enhance the mineral content and surface integrity of demineralized enamel surfaces up to a depth of 150 μm, presenting significant implications for dental health management.
This study aims to encapsulate atenolol within floating alginate-ethylcellulose beads as an oral controlled-release delivery system using aqueous colloidal polymer dispersion (ACPD) method.To optimize drug entrapment efficiency and dissolution behavior of the prepared beads, different parameters of drug: polymer ratio, polymer mixture ratio, and gelling agent concentration were involved.The prepared beads were investigated with respect to their buoyancy, encapsulation efficiency, and dissolution behavior in the media: 0.1 N HCl (pH 1.2), acetate buffer (pH 4.6) and phosphate buffer (pH 6.8). The release kinetics and mechanism of the drug from the prepared beads was investigated.All prepared atenolol beads remained f
... Show MoreThis study aims to encapsulate atenolol within floating alginate-ethylcellulose beads as an oral controlled-release delivery system using aqueous colloidal polymer dispersion (ACPD) method.To optimize drug entrapment efficiency and dissolution behavior of the prepared beads, different parameters of drug: polymer ratio, polymer mixture ratio, and gelling agent concentration were involved.The prepared beads were investigated with respect to their buoyancy, encapsulation efficiency, and dissolution behavior in the media: 0.1 N HCl (pH 1.2), acetate buffer (pH 4.6) and phosphate buffer (pH 6.8). The release kinetics and mechanism of the drug from the prepared beads was investigated.All prepare
... Show MorePlant tissue culture techniques were exploited for the micropropigation of Lisianthus (Eustoma grandiflora). Different concentrations of Benzyl adenine (BA), 6- Furfural amino purine (Kinetin), Indol butyric acid (IBA), were investigated in their effects at different micropropagation stages. Three explants (apical shoots, internodes, leaf discs) were used in this study. The effect of the interaction between BA and IBA on shoot multiplication was investigated in increasing the number of shoots on explants. Rooting was also studied after inclusion of IBA and NAA to Murashige and Skoog, 1962 culture medium (MS). During acclimatization stage, different ratios of river sand and peat moss as agricultural media were tested and plantlets survival w
... Show Moreيشهد العالم تقدما في كافة مجالات الحياة المختلفة وتزداد الحياة صعوبة يوما بعد يوم, ويزداد البحث في كافة المجالات التي تعمل على خدمة الإنسان ولقد طال هذا التقدم النشاط الرياضي ,فقد يكون لتطور التدريب الرياضي وتنوع أساليبه الدور الكبير في تحقيق اللياقة البدنية التي تعد إحدى أهم الأهداف التي يرمي إليها الدرس في كلية التربية الرياضية . واللياقة البدنية تستمد أهميتها من كونها إحدى مكونات اللياقة الشاملة التي بدو
... Show MoreThe performance and lifetime of the flexible asphalt pavement are mainly dependent on the interfacial bond strength between layer courses. To enhance the bond between layers, adhesive materials, such as tack coats, are used. The tack coat itself is a bituminous material, which is applied on an existing relatively non-absorbent surface to ensure a strong bond between the old and newly paved layer. The primary objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of various types of tack coat materials on interlayer bond strength and to determine the optimal application rate for each type. The tack coat types used in this paper were RC-70, RC-250, and CSS-1h. Both laboratory-prepared and field-constructed hot mix asphalt concrete pavements usin
... Show MoreThis study was conducted at the Poultry Research Station in Abu Ghraib, Department of Agricultural Research, Ministry of Agriculture, the experimental field during three months (Three terms for a period of four weeks), from 10 th of December 2019 to the 10 th of January 2020. The study aimed to determine the effect of using different proportions of chlorella algae in layer hen ration and its effect on the hen's productive performance and numbers of lactobacilli bacteria in the intestine. The experiment included 400 laying hens (ISA Brown) of 54 week old which were fed according to the standard requirements mentioned in the guide for this breed (ISA Brown layer management guide). The hens raised using a 3 stage cages system with five hens in
... Show MoreThe aim of the research is to find out the effect of the SPAWN strategy on the life skills of second-intermediate-grade students. This study stage represented the research community within the intermediate and secondary governmental daytime schools affiliated with the Directorate of Education of Diwaniyah. The experiment was applied in Al-Razai Intermediate School on a sample of second-grade intermediate students, including 66 students distributed into two groups: (32) students within the experimental group and (34) students within the control group. The two groups were equivalent with a number of variables (chronological age, intelligence test, previous information test, life skills scale). The results indicated that the two groups were
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