Police play an important role in any society. Where they maintain public order by stopping and deterring crime and bringing criminals to justice. In order to achieve these objectives, they have certain means of law (search, arrest, use of force that may be lethal in some cases). However, such means may be misused in a way that harms members of society such as (Exceeding the Scope of a search warrant, violation of privacy of individuals, False Imprisonment, Excessive use of force, Sudden Deaths in custody, Sexual Assault and Harassment, Failure to respond for Domestic violence calls), which raises the civil liability of police officers and their agencies for such damage. Police officers may even abuse their characteristics even outside official working hours by misusing their uniforms, identifying insignia, or the weapons they carry. This research highlights some of the fault made by police officers, that raise their civil liability in the light of American law and Iraqi law, as well as the position of the American judiciary (a rich judiciary in civil cases against police officers), which demonstrates the depth of constitutional culture The legal status enjoyed by members of the American society in terms of their knowledge of their constitutional rights, and the prosecution of those who attempt to violate them even if they are policemen. The opposite is true in Iraq, where the civil action against the police is almost too few and even rare, which demonstrates the lack of constitutional and legal culture among members of Iraqi society. Although the constitutional and legal texts in the two countries are almost identical.
Nous tenterons dans ce travail de proposer une des lectures possibles de
l’oeuvre camusienne, en l’occurrence La peste. Il s’agit, pour nous, de lire ce roman
sur une portée idéologique. Et ce qui justifie notre tentative, c’est Camus lui-même
qui voudrait qu’on lise son roman " sur plusieurs portées " lorsqu’il déclare : « La
peste, dont j’ai voulu qu’elle se lise sur plusieurs portées, a cependant comme
contenu évident la lutte de la résistance européenne contre le Nazisme»1.
1 .CAMUS (Albert),"Lettre à Roland Barthes sur La peste", L’oeuvre complète, Vol.I, La Pléiade, Ed.Gallimard,
Paris, 1965. p. 1928.
Parmi toute l’oeuvre camusienne, nous choisissons La peste parce qu’elle
چكيده
نماد در لغت معنى كه (اشاره ،رمز) ودر معنى ديگر مجموعه اى از نشانها، حركتها، حرفها يا كلمه هاى از پيش تعيين شده براى برقرارى رابطه يا مبادلهء پيام است. نماد در قران نيز در سورهء ال عمران آمده است: (قَالَ رَبِّ اجْعَل لِّي آيَةً ۖ قَالَ آيَتُكَ أَلَّا تُكَلِّمَ النَّاسَ ثَلَاثَةَ أَيَّامٍ إِلَّا رَمْزًا ۗ وَاذْكُر رَّبَّكَ كَثِيرًا وَسَبِّح
... Show MoreThat is feared we frequent urgent calls from Islamic scholars and leaders of the Muslim faithful to their religion and nation to a culturally، economically، politically and militarily Muslim communities، in response to the call of the divine stones in the sit-rope of God and taking the greatest causes of strength and stamina، pride and empowerment، and did not bear fruit this repeated calls only sham gatherings and links formality not have the effect of rewarding challenges، and it was one of the greatest causes of failure that impact the absence of a proper understanding of the basis of the Islamic Alliance، and lack of consensus on the Thoroughbred clear vision of Islamic unity
Prophecy in general, and Muhammadism in particular, can not seem to go away from life, or lag behind it, because it was originally for reform. It can not succeed in achieving this reform. It has grown away from it, and its conditions have not caused it to vary and diversify. These conditions, from its origin to its tranquility, its stillness and its movements, are based on a wise divine workmanship and a strict divine planning that suits the performance of this personality
Books of plans are a type of writing in Islamic history , its a type of work whose authors have strived to serve as a comprehensive historical encyclopedia, and they focused most of their attention on highlighting the various aspects of the history of Egypt. , Especially. urban side. And political, military, scientific, social , economic events.
they authors in this Type were not satisfied with that only, but they mentioned the stages of the development of architecture and what followed until their time
مشكلة البحث:- تواجه المجتمعات العربية في المرحلة الراهنة ,تحديات كبيرة تستهدف الشاب العربي ،والتأثير عليه في الجوانب الاجتماعية والتربوية والثقافية والاقتصادية والأمنية والسياسية ولغض تسليط الأضواء على هذه الجوانب ولاسيما الجانب الاجتماعي،من هنا تبرز مشكلة البحث الحالي في التعرف على توقعات الشباب العربي لمشكلاتهم الاجتماعية في المرحلة الراهنة .
أهمية البحث:-
... Show Moreמבוא
אין איזה סוג מן הספק ש החוקרים התמזג ו בתאריכי החברות הישנות מצדדים שונים ,
פוליטיים, חברתיים או מחשבתיים. שהספרות נחשב ת אחת תעודותיה של הידיעה
החשובות ביותר שתאפשר להישען עליה ולשאוב את הידיעות ליצירות הגנוז ות בחברה
מהחברות שיהיה קשה לפעמים רבים לדעת אות ן מתוך מקורותיה של הידיעה לפי
הכתיבות הפוליטיות,החברתיות,פולסופיות וכ.... (1)
הסופר הוא צורתה של החברה , הנושאים שלו הם הבעות והרגשות עצמיות ו
ان للإسماعيلية اهمية كبيرة في التاريخ الاسلامي والفكر السياسي الاسلامي , لما شغلته من حيزٍ كبيرٍ من حيث التنظير و الكتابة و من حيث التطبيق و الممارسة للسلطة السياسية من خلال اقامة دولتهم المنشودة في مصر (الدولة الفاطمية ) , اذ جعلت لنفسها فكراً خاصاً بها وحاولت ان تنشره في بلدان مختلفة من العالم الاسلامي واليوم حضورهم موجود وفاعل ولكن يكتفه الغموض و السرية . وان اهم ما ميز فكرهم السياسي هو اعتمادهم على التأويل ا
... Show More
There are many researches deals with constructing an efficient solutions for real problem having Multi - objective confronted with each others. In this paper we construct a decision for Multi – objectives based on building a mathematical model formulating a unique objective function by combining the confronted objectives functions. Also we are presented some theories concerning this problem. Areal application problem has been presented to show the efficiency of the performance of our model and the method. Finally we obtained some results by randomly generating some problems.
The mihrab is an architectural element created by the Muslims for the necessities of which the direction of Qibla is set in the mosques, and the front stands in it during the prayer so as to provide a complete description of the Muslims inside the chapel. The mihrab has a third benefit in amplifying the voice during the time of prayer, Peace be upon him) and the Mosque of Damascus, the Mosque of Kairouan, and the Mosque of Amr Balfstat?.