ليست الادارة المحلية أو نظام الحكم المحلي ابتكاراُ حديثاً للانسان، بل أنه لازم البشرية منذ أقدم العصور وحتى الآن، إذ الملاجظ أن القرى الصغيرة نشأت قبل أن تنشئ الدولة أو قيل أن يتبلور مفهوم الدولة في الوقت الحاضر وكانت القرى والمدن تجتمع بين حين وأخر- اجتماع أفرادها- لادارة شؤونهم وحل مشاكلهم، وكان هذا خير دليل لتطبيق مفهوم الديمقراطية المباشرة بين أفراد المجتمع الواحد، ولذلك فإن الحك

                 The research deals with the concept of a New Urbanism as an urban development strategy in the suburbs of cities or in its centers that are affected by pedestrian-oriented design and the possibility of walking, as well as integrating economic classes through the diversity of housing and its costs, and this works to facilitate access to jobs and services while providing more diverse neighborhoods and reducing the use of cars , As designing separate houses in the suburbs and increasing car trips poses a threat to the environment and the quality of urban life, and thus the new urban provides a good strategy for developing

The problem of the tagged research (experimentation in the works of the artist Muhammad al-Kinani is an analytical study) dealt with the nature of the concept of experimentation and its work in the works of Muhammad al-Kinani. Which adopts the removal of the concept of style and artistic style and takes the experience away from the pattern of repetition The importance of the research comes through the identification of the materials founding the artistic work. The current research benefits the specialists in the field of arts from the students of studies with a new and renewed formulation of creativity. The research objectives shed light on the contemporary experiences of the artist Muhammad Al-Kinani and its importance in benefiting res

The primary issue addressed in this research revolves around identifying the interactive elements provided by the Twitter platform and understanding their utilization by digital newspapers with official accounts. These newspapers broadcast content in line with their policies. This study is classified within descriptive research that employed a survey method and content analysis tool. The methodology relies on the "how was it said?" approach to categorize the analysis. The research yielded the following results:
Twitter utilized numerous interactive elements for disseminating tweets, which include "text, branching links, hashtags, digital images, digital videos, digital audio, and digital polls." However, thes

This research deals with a problem of a large degree of importance. As globalization
has caused the emergence of global market for education. And it began the spread of
information technology leaves its impact on the attainment within the school in more than
field.
Therefore, it is necessary to find effective educational leadership could keep up with
developments in the field of education. Therefore this research interested in recognition the
foundations of effective educational leadership in terms of functions, and the preparation of
educational leaders. Accordingly, research has included three chapters, the first chapter
discusses the general frame work of the study contains the problem of the research, its
i

When sites of new communication occurs which represents the merit of the development of communication technology which is characterized by the services of ( facebook-twiter-corapora-youtube-mass space-friendster-flicker-willnecked in addition to the direct services for viber-whatsup-telgram-and chat on) play important role in changing the infrastructure of Arabic societies which are consideredas closed and not changeable societies during near period and the significance of this study comes from the importounce of this subject which is considered as anew trend of the age on the field of media and public response and acceptance inspite of what is known about Arabic society-it doesn’t accept change-this occurance is associated with terms

 In the second millennium BC, the international community change at the ancient Near East, There has been a significant developments with the appearance of five kingdoms (Babylon, Assyria, Mitanni, Egypt, and Hatti) called themselves the (Great Powers) and their kings named (Great King), and Correspondence among themselves on behalf of (the brothers),  to differentiate themselves from the small kingdoms Minor of them.

The current research variables have received increasing attention in the recent period because they are one of the important issues affecting the future of organizations, as a result of the speed of environmental variables that have greatly affected organizations and for the purpose of explaining the relationships and links between research variables, as this research presents a test "the type and direction of the relationship between strategic foresight capabilities As an independent variable and green creativity "as a respondent variable. A set of questions has arisen about the basic research problem, including what is the nature and level of interest in the research variables (strategic foresight capabilities an

This paper deals with the political, economic and cultural condition wich in volves a lot of events that angaged Arab is history Islamic, The advantage of the Ibn AL-saa`i is in fact a study of the character of the historian and how classihy us his book History of the Caliphs in the eventes of this era.

This research aims to the possibility of evaluating the strategic performance of the State Board for Antiquities and Heritage (SBAH) using a balanced scorecard of four criteria (Financial, Customers, Internal Processes, and Learning and Growth). The main challenge was that the State Board use traditional evaluation in measuring employee performance, activities, and projects. Case study and field interviews methodology has been adopted in this research with a sample consisting of the Chairman of the State Board, 6 General Managers, and 7 Department Managers who are involved in evaluating the strategic performance and deciding the suitable answers on the checklists to analyze it ac