Pseudomonas aeruginosa is a bacterium that holds significant clinical and epidemiological significance. It serves as the principal etiological cause of opportunistic infections in individuals with impaired immune systems. Integrons are known to have a notable impact on Gram-negative bacteria, particularly in the context of P. aeruginosa, a bacterium recognized for its ability to develop resistance to antimicrobial drugs. Aim. To systematically characterize and detect integron genes (intI, intII, intIII) with antibiotic-resistant and biofilm-forming capabilities in isolated P. aeruginosa. Methods. A total of 209 samples were collected from Al Yarmouk Teaching Hospital in Baghdad City, Iraq to isolate P. aeruginosa. The process of bacterial identification was carried out phenotypically and by biochemical tests. Antibiotic susceptibility was measured using the Vitek2 system. Biofilm quantification was done by the microtiter method. The PCR approach was employed to assess the presence of class 1, 2, and 3 integrons. Results. P. aeruginosa was identified in 83 isolates by using a combination of morphological and biochemical examinations where all isolates showed the ability to grow a selective medium on cetrimide agar for P. aeruginosa. The results also showed significant variances (p < 0.05) among the percentage of a number of samples and isolated P. aeruginosa. The burn and wound infection scored the highest percentages (25% and 19%) based on the positivity of P. aeruginosa, whereas burn and ear sites scored the highest percentage (58% and 50%). Also, the isolates show the ability to form biofilm at a percentage of 68.7% with resistance to a high number of antibiotics. The multidrug-resistant and sensitive P. aeruginosa isolates scored high percentages (49.4% and 34.9%) whereas potentially pan drug-resistant and extensively drug-resistant isolates scored low percentages (2.4% and 13.3%). PCR results showed that integron I scored the highest percentage (100%) compared to integron 2 found in 3 (10%) isolates, and no intI3 gene was detected in any of the P. aeruginosa isolates. Conclusions. Overall, the findings of the present investigation indicate that integrons and biofilm development are recognized as significant factors contributing to antibiotic resistance in P. aeruginosa. The prevalence of class 1 integrons is shown to be significantly high in all bacterial isolates, with a complete occurrence rate of 100%. This high incidence of class 1 integrons is associated with the development of resistance to crucial antibiotics, including β-lactams, aminoglycosides, and cephalosporins.
Abstract
Prais be to Allah the Lord of the Worlds and prayers and peace be upon our faithfull Prophet …. I wrote this Research entitled (The Imam Shams AL-din Abdulrahman Bin Qudamah AL-Maqdsi (died: 682 A.H) Slections in Slections in proving contract annulment choice (AL-tassriah)and its duration which Iclarrified the reason of choosing this title and my method in writing Morever, a brief Overriew of the life of Imam Shams AL-din Bin Qudamah and the meaning of (AL-tassriah)and whether it proves to the buyer to return it, beside the duration which (the tassriah) proven, and a conclusion in which I showed the results I reached and some recommendations that some researchers in the field of Jurispruden
... Show MoreThe present paper(Spacio-Temporal Relations in the Translated Text in Both Russian and Arabic) focuses on the spacio-temporal effect in the translated text; it is possible to compose the translation text simultaneously with the process of the composing the original text. This is carried out during the simultaneous consecutive translation. And, the time and place of composing the translation might greatly differ from the time and place of composing the original textt. The translator may tackle a text of an ancient time and written in a language which might have changed, and may thus appear as another language where the author might have talked on behalf of a people who had lived or are living in apparently different geographic
... Show MoreDiscretionary Punishment, Public Regulation, Interest
The paper attempts to find out the elements of picaresque novel in selected English and Iraqi novels. It studies these elements in Henry Fielding’s Joseph Andrews and Adil Abduljabbar’s Arzal Hamad Al-Salim. The paper is divided into four sections. The first is an introduction to the picaresque novel. It gives a definition, a historical background, and the elements of the genre. The second section studies Fielding’s novel focusing on the elements of this type of novel and how it affects the story itself. The paper follows the novel from the beginning to the end showing these elements. The third is dedicated to Abduljabbar’s novel and how the elements of picaresque genre appear in the novel and play an important role in its developm
... Show MoreThe habitat type and food availability always influence the population size of many
organisms. Bird’s feeding pattern should be abstracted to complete avian community structure
data. The agronomy main research farm of Orissa University of Agriculture and Technology
is a well-managed multi-crop agro-ecosystem which provides a suitable ground for ecological
research. In a multi-crop farmland, the association of Barn Swallow Hirundo rustica Linnaeus,
1758, with the Indian mustard Brassica juncea (L.) Czernajew, 1859 crops have been
recorded for the first time while hovering only on this field. A flock of Barn swallows was
recorded in 32 field visits while flying continuously over the Indian mustard field after
flow