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THE ENHANCEMENT OF DROUGHT TOLERANCE FOR PLANT ONION (ALLIUM CEPA L.) INOCULATED BY ARBUSCULAR MYCORRHIZAL FUNGI
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The current study was aimed to examine the effects of two types of Arbuscular mycorrhizal Fungi (F. mosseae, C. etunicatum) on the onion plant under two water conditions (normal irrigation and drought treatment). This study has aspects related to improve tolerance of an onion plant (Allium cepa L.) to water stress situations with taking in consideration regulate physiological Growth Parameters PGP of plant and biochemical [fungal root colonization, dry weight of mycorrhizal roots, Spore density of AM fungi, Relative water content, proline content, total carotenoids, Soluble protein content and Phosphorous application] in the existence or lack of AMF. The results indicate that the drought dealing producing increase of spore density of AM fungi, proline content, total carotenoids and soluble protein content except Fugal root colonization, plant root dry weight, Relative water content and Phosphorous uptake which were increased when associating with normal irrigation. The plants inoculated by each F. mosseae, C. etunicatum was noted a significant differences (P < 0.05) increase in some PGP comparing with uninoculated. The highest values of PGP were recorded when onion plant inoculated by two types of AMF. Normal irrigation was showed less enhancement of plants compared with plants that obtained drought stress. The inoculcation by both types of AMF resulted in increasing in an onion plant uptake and protection against drought stress, while the case of relative water content showed relatively similar values in both conditions comparing with non- AMF onion plant.

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Publication Date
Wed Mar 29 2023
Journal Name
Iraqi Journal Of Chemical And Petroleum Engineering
Multi-Stage Hydraulic Fracturing Completion Design Based on Ball-and-Sleeve Method
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This paper proposes a completion that can allow fracturing four zones in a single trip in the well called “Y” (for confidential reasons) of the field named “X” (for confidential reasons). The steps to design a well completion for multiple fracturing are first to select the best completion method then the required equipment and the materials that it is made of. After that, the completion schematic must be drawn by using Power Draw in this case, and the summary installation procedures explained. The data used to design the completion are the well trajectory, the reservoir data (including temperature, pressure and fluid properties), the production and injection strategy. The results suggest that multi-stage hydraulic fracturing can

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Publication Date
Tue Feb 16 2016
Journal Name
The Iraqi Journal Of Agricultural Sciences
MEASURING VIBRATION AT TRACTOR PLATFORM , STEERING WHEEL AND SEAT EFFECTIVE AMPLITUDE TRANSMISSIBILITY FACTOR DURING OPERATION TILLAGE
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Field experiment conducted to measure vibrations on three axes longitudinal X, lateral Y and vertical Z on steering wheel, platform tractor and vertical vibration in seat tractor and seat effective amplitude transmissibility (SEAT) factor during operation tillage in silt clay loam soil with depth 18 cm in Baghdad. Split – split plot design under randomized complete block design with three replications least significant design 5 % used. Three factor were used in this experiment included two types of plows included chisel and disc plows which represented main plot, three tires inflation pressure was second factor included 1.1 ,1.8 and 2.7 bar, and three forward speeds of the tillage was third factor included 2.35 , 4.25 and 6.50 km/hr. Resu

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Publication Date
Sun Dec 06 2015
Journal Name
Baghdad Science Journal
Some Results on Pure Submodules Relative to Submodule
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Let R be a commutative ring with identity 1 and M be a unitary left R-module. A submodule N of an R-module M is said to be pure relative to submodule T of M (Simply T-pure) if for each ideal A of R, N?AM=AN+T?(N?AM). In this paper, the properties of the following concepts were studied: Pure essential submodules relative to submodule T of M (Simply T-pure essential),Pure closed submodules relative to submodule T of M (Simply T-pure closed) and relative pure complement submodule relative to submodule T of M (Simply T-pure complement) and T-purely extending. We prove that; Let M be a T-purely extending module and let N be a T-pure submodule of M. If M has the T-PIP, then N is T-purely extending.

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Publication Date
Fri Jul 21 2023
Journal Name
Journal Of Engineering
Bubble Size Distribution In Gas-Liquid Dispersion Column
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The present work investigates the effect of; superficial air velocities of: 1, 3, and 6 cm/s for two types of perforated distributor on hydrodynamic characteristic in a gas-liquid dispersion column of; air-water, and airaqueous-n-propanol solution. Bubble distribution, gas holdup, and power consumption are parameters take in consideration. Experimental work was carried out in perspex column of 8.5 cm inside diameter and 1.5 m height. Two types of bubble generator (perforated plate) were fixed at the bottom of the column; plate A (99 holes of 0.5 mm diameter and free area of 0.34%), plate B (20 holes of 1.5 mm diameter and free area of 0.62%). Photographic technique was used to measure the bubble parameters. The experimental results were

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Publication Date
Thu Jan 31 2019
Journal Name
Journal Of Engineering
CFD Application on Shell and Double Concentric Tube Heat Exchanger
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This work is concerned with the design and performance evaluation of a shell and double concentric tubes heat exchanger using Solid Works and ANSY (Computational Fluid Dynamics).

Computational fluid dynamics technique which is a computer-based analysis is used to simulate the heat exchanger involving fluid flow, heat transfer. CFD resolve the entire heat exchanger in discrete elements to find: (1) the temperature gradients, (2) pressure distribution, and (3) velocity vectors.  The RNG k-ε model of turbulence is used to determining the accurate results from CFD.

The heat exchanger design for this work consisted of a shell and eight double concentric tubes. The number of inlets are three and that of o

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Publication Date
Fri Dec 30 2016
Journal Name
Al-kindy College Medical Journal
Deep Vein Thrombosis Predisposing Factors Analysis Using Association Rules Mining
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Background: DVT is a very common problem with a very serious complications like pulmonary embolism (PE) which carries a high mortality,and many other chronic and annoying complications ( like chronic DVT, post-phlebitic syndrome, and chronic venous insufficiency) ,and it has many risk factors that affect its course, severity ,and response to treatment. Objectives: Most of those risk factors are modifiable, and a better understanding of the relationships between them can be beneficial for better assessment for liable pfatients , prevention of disease, and the effectiveness of our treatment modalities. Male to female ratio was nearly equal , so we didn’t discuss the gender among other risk factors. Type of the study:A cross- secti

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Publication Date
Wed Aug 30 2023
Journal Name
Al-kindy College Medical Journal
Viable Strategies to Increase Clinical Trial Patient Diversity
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In the United States, the pharmaceutical industry is actively devising strategies to improve the diversity of clinical trial participants. These efforts stem from a plethora of evidence indicating that various ethnic groups respond differently to a given treatment. Thus, increasing the diversity of trial participants would not only provide more robust and representative trial data but also lead to safer and more effective therapies. Further diversifying trial participants appear straightforward, but it is a complex process requiring feedback from multiple stakeholders such as pharmaceutical sponsors, regulators, community leaders, and research sites. Therefore, the objective of this paper is to describe three viable strategies that can p

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Publication Date
Thu Apr 01 2021
Journal Name
Chaos, Solitons &amp; Fractals
Modeling and analysis of an <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" altimg="si7.svg"><mml:mrow><mml:mi>S</mml:mi><mml:msub><mml:mi>I</mml:mi><mml:mn>1</mml:mn></mml:msub><mml:msub><mml:mi>I</mml:mi><mml:mn>2</mml:mn></mml:msub><mml:mi>R</mml:mi></mml:mrow></mml:math> epidemic model with nonlinear incidence and general recovery functions of <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" altimg="si8.svg"><mml:msub><mml:mi>I</mml:mi><mml:mn>1</mml:mn></mml:msub></mml:math>
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Publication Date
Fri Oct 24 2014
Journal Name
Journal Of Chemical And Pharmaceutical Research
Synthesis, characterization and antimicrobial activities of [Fe(II), Co(II), Ni(II),Cu(II) and Zn(II)] mixed ligand complexes schiff base derived from amoxicillin drug and 4-(dimethylamino)benzaldehyde with nicotinamide
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New Schiff base ligand (E)-6-(2-(4-(dimethylamino)benzylideneamino)-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)acetamido)-3,3- dimethyl-7-oxo-4-thia-1- azabicyclo[3.2.0]heptane-2-carboxylic acid = (HL) was synthesized via condensation of Amoxicillin and 4(dimethylamino)benzaldehyde in methanol. Figure -1 Polydentate mixed ligand complexes were obtained from 1:1:2 molar ratio reactions with metal ions and HL, 2NA on reaction with MCl2 .nH2O salt yields complexes corresponding to the formulas [M(L)(NA)2Cl],where M=Fe(II),Co(II),Ni(II),Cu(II),and Zn(II), A=nicotinamide .

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Publication Date
Wed Jun 24 2026
Journal Name
Journal Of Baghdad College Of Dentistry
Dental arches dimensions, forms and its association to facial types in a sample of Iraqi adults with skeletal and dental class II-division 1 and class III malocclusion(A cross sectional study)
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Background: The association between facial types and dental arches forms has considerable implications in orthodontic diagnosis and treatment planning. The aim was to establish the maxillary and mandibular dental arches width and length in skeletal and dental class II division 1 and class III malocclusion groups, find out the most frequent dental arch form and facial type and the association between them and to check the gender differences. Materials and Methods: Frontal and lateral facial photographs and maxillary and mandibular occlussal photographs for 90 iraqi subjects with age 18-25 years old (45 males and 45 females) divided equally into three groups, the 1st group with class II division 1malocclusion (overjet more than 3mm but less t

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