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Correlation of Kidney Injury Molecule-1 and Nephrin Levels in Iraqi Patients with Diabetic Nephropathy
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Diabetic nephropathy is characterized by persistent microalbuminuria and metabolic changes that decline renal functions. Researchers have been prompted to explore new biomarkers such as KIM-1 and nephrin that may enhance the identification of disease. Objective: To Evaluate biomarker levels of kidney injury molculre-1 (KIM-1) concentration and nephrin as early and sensitive markers of nephropathy in type 2 diabetic patients. Method: One hundred T2DM patients were included in a cross-sectional study at the specialized center for endocrinology and diabetes, Baghdad. The first group includes 50 diabetic nephropathy (DN) patients, and the second group includes 50 T2DM patients without DN. Biochemical and clinical parameters were reported for participants, and serum and urine levels of KIM-1 and nephrin were analyzed by Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Results: The study showed a significant increase in serum and urinary levels of KIM-1 and nephrin in DN patients compared to the control group. Serum nephrin is positively correlated with urinary nephrin, serum creatinine, ACR ratio, serum and urine KIM-1, and negatively correlated with the estimated glomerular filtration rate. Urinary nephrin was positively correlated with urinary albumin/creatinine ratio, KIM-1 level in both serum and urine, and negatively correlated with estimated glomerular filtration rate. Conclusion: KIM-1 and nephrin are specific and sensitive indicators of early-stage diabetic nephropathy-associated renal damage

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Publication Date
Tue Sep 01 2015
Journal Name
Iosr Journal Of Dental And Medical Sciences
Prevalence of prediabetes and metabolic syndrome and their association in an Iraqi sample
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Abstract: Background: Prediabetes and are increasing in prevalence all over the world, they each carry risks to the future development of diabetes mellitus and cardiovascular disease. These risks will be greatly exaggerated if they occur together in the same individual. The aim of the study was to find the prevalence and the association of prediabetes and metabolic syndrome, in addition to analyzing the correlation of the risk factors that lead to their development. Material and Methods: This was a cross-sectional, simple random study that included 300 Iraqi individuals, aged between 30-75 years, who accepted to take part in this study were recruited. Result: Prevalence of prediabetes and metabolic syndrome was (33.66%) and (42%) r

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Publication Date
Mon May 21 2007
Journal Name
Journal Of Planner And Development
Determination of levels of interaction between urban land use and the adoption of spatial analysis techniques (study area, Najaf City)
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the student of the structure of the city and its constituent elements will clearly sense the invisible relationships that underlie the different forms of urban activity, which in turn are defined by the generality of the urban patterns in that city, which will vary clearly according to the location in the city. These relations will be embodied in their true form in the interactions between the different uses of the earth, and the change that will result from their regularity in the form of entities in independent groups, which may share with each other a component of it.
Therefore, the process of controlling the functional interactions between the uses of the urban land and the awareness of t

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Publication Date
Wed Jan 01 2014
Journal Name
Department Of Bioengineering And Sciences
1 T.R. KAHRAMANMARAŞ SÜTÇÜ İMAM UNIVERSITY GRADUATE SCHOOL OF NATURAL AND APPLIED SCIENCE Cloning and overexpression of Lactobacillus acidophilus bile salt hydrolase A gene (bshA) in Escherichia coli
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The bile salt hydrolase gene (bshA), encoding bile salt hydrolase enzyme (EC 3.5.1.24) from probiotic isolate Lactobacillus acidophilus Ar strain which is responsible for assimilation cholesterol were studied in the present work. About 801 bp in length DNA fragment of Lb. acidophilus Ar strain was amplified by PCR techniques. Two restriction sites (PstI/SacI) were added to each end of that fragment for manipulation of DNA during cloning. Amplified fragment inserted into pJET1.2\blunt end vector and pMG36e vector respectively. pJET1.2\blunt end vector is overexpression plasmid for E. coli MC1022, and pMG36e vector is a shuttle vector which is able to replicate in both E. coli and lactic acid bacteria. The resulted constructs were named as pJ

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Publication Date
Mon Mar 15 2021
Journal Name
Al-academy
Aesthetic Levels in Shape Variables in Spectacular Films the Indian Film (Main Tera Hero) a Model: غسان محسن حمد
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The spectacular film is a type of feature films which has specific elements that contribute in increasing the aesthetics of the shape in its structure. The researcher started studying this type of films by researching the spectacular film concept, the history of its development, who are its most important stars and then tackling the Indian cinema represented by Bollywood, which is considered a school for this type of film. The researcher addressed the most important influential elements that entre in its production as well as studying these elements that contribute to building the shape including the configuration, movements of cameras, lenses, the lighting, colors, costumes etc. and what influence they have in forming a special aestheti

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Publication Date
Mon Feb 18 2019
Journal Name
Lubricants
Terahertz Time Domain Spectroscopy to Detect Different Oxidation Levels of Diesel Engine Oil
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Diesel engine oil was subjected to thermal oxidization (TO) for six periods of time (0 h, 24 h, 48 h, 72 h, 96 h, and 120 h) and was subsequently characterized by terahertz time domain spectroscopy (THz-TDS). The THz refractive index generally increased with oxidation time. The measurement method illustrated the potential of THz-TDS when a fixed setup with a single cuvette is used. A future miniaturized setup installed in an engine would be an example of a fixed setup. For the refractive index, there were highly significant differences among the oxidation times across most of the 0.3–1.7 THz range.

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Publication Date
Tue Apr 30 2024
Journal Name
Iraqi Journal Of Science
Synthesis, Characterization and Antimicrobial Evaluation for New Esters Derivatives Containing Two 1, 3, 4-Oxadiazole Units
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     This work includes the synthesis of new ester compounds containing two 1,3,4-oxadiazole rings, 15a-c and 16a-c. This was done over seven steps, starting with p-acetamido-phenol 1 and 2-mercaptobenzoimidazole 2. The structure of the products was determined using FT-IR, 1H NMR, and mass spectroscopy. The evaluation of the antimicrobial activities of some prepared compounds was achieved against four types of bacteria (two types of gram-positive bacteria; Staphylococcus aureus and Bacillus subtilis, and two types of gram-negative bacteria, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and E. Coli), as well as against one types of fungus (C. albino). The results show moderate activit against the study bacteria, and the theoretical analysis of the toxi

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Publication Date
Thu Dec 01 2022
Journal Name
Baghdad Science Journal
Studying the genotype of Aryl Hydrocarbon Receptor-Interacting Protein (AIP) Gene (rs641081C>A) in ‎Iraqi Samples with Acromegaly Pituitary Adenoma
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Pituitary adenomas are the anterior pituitary tumors. Patients with an Aryl Hydrocarbon Receptor-Interacting Protein (AIP) mutation (AIP- mut) tend to have more aggressive tumors occurring at a younger age. Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in many studies have been related to metabolic comorbidities in the general population. Study aims investigated the role of AIP gene SNPs with susceptibility to acromegaly pituitary- adenoma, with levels of LH, FSH, TSH, Testosterone, IGF1,GH, FT4 , Prolactin hormones and blood sugar levels.  The study ‎was conducted on a group of acromegaly patients, including 50 patients) both Genders( with ‎hyperplasia of the ends, and apparently healthy control group. Genotyping of

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Publication Date
Thu Oct 30 2008
Journal Name
College Of Islamic Sciences
Return in the gift and its contraindications in Islamic jurisprudence and Iraqi law
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In his life, a person engages in different types of verbal and actual dispositions that result in various effects, some of which are necessary and not valid, such as selling, and some are not necessary for one of the two contracting parties, such as a mortgage or both, such as lending and agency. However, there are some actions that are sometimes necessary and not necessary at other times, such as a gift that indicates in its simplest sense. Owning money for another without compensation, it is one of the doors of benevolence and benevolence, and it is one of the attributes of perfection with which God, may He be glorified and exalted be He, described Himself. - And if this analogy is the difference - and distanced himself from greed, the

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Publication Date
Wed Feb 22 2023
Journal Name
Iraqi Journal Of Science
The Effect of Short Range Correlation on The Nuclear Charge Density Distribution, Elastic and Inelastic Electron Scattering Coulomb Form Factors of 18O Nucleus
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The effect of short range correlations on the inelastic longitudinal Coulomb form
factors for the lowest four excited 2+ states in 18O is analyzed. This effect (which
depends on the correlation parameter β) is inserted into the ground state charge
density distribution through the Jastrow type correlation function. The single particle
harmonic oscillator wave function is used with an oscillator size parameter b. The
parameters β and b are, considered as free parameters, adjusted for each excited state
separately so as to reproduce the experimental root mean square charge radius of
18O. The model space of 18O does not contribute to the transition charge density. As
a result, the inelastic Coulomb form factor of 18

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Publication Date
Mon Feb 20 2023
Journal Name
Pakistan Heart Journal
Special exercises for some physical, kinetic and electrical abilities accompanied by symmetrical electrical stimulation in the rehabilitation of the muscles of the legs for patients with simple hemiplegic cerebral palsy
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The purpose of this paper is to identifying some of the physical, kinetic and electrical capabilities of the working muscles of patients with simple hemiplegic cerebral palsy, preparation of special exercises (rehabilitation and water) accompanied by symmetrical electrical stimulation in the rehabilitation of working muscles for patients with simple hemiplegic cerebral palsy, and identifying the effect of exercises, especially (rehabilitation and water), accompanied by symmetrical electrical stimulation, on some physical, kinetic and electrical capabilities in rehabilitating working muscles for patients with simple hemiplegic cerebral palsy. The researcher used the experimental approach with a one-group design with two pre and post-tests du

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