Objective(s): Biocompatibility, non-toxicity, minimal allergenicity, and biodegradability are all characteristics of chitosan. Other biological properties of chitosan have been reported, including antitumor, antimicrobial and antioxidant activities. This research aim is the synthesis of drug compounds by preparation and characterization of polymer chitosan Schiff base and chitosan Schiff base / Poly vinyl alcohol / poly vinyl pyrrolidone Nanocomposite and study applications (anticancer cell line, antimicrobial agents). Methods: Chitosan Schiff base was prepared from the reaction of chitosan with carbonyl group of 4-nitro benzaldehyde. Polymer blend have been prepared by solution casting method. Chitosan Schiff base mixing with PVA and PVP. Green synthesis of AuNPs and AgNPs by onion peals extract as reducing agent. Nanocomposites were prepared by mixing 10 mL of chitosan Schiff base, 5 mL PVA and 5 mL of PVP with 25 mL of two different concentrations (100, 200 ppm) of AuNPs and AgNPs. In vitro bacterial activities polymer blends and Au, Ag nano composites were performed against pathogenic bacteria such as the Acinetobacter baumannii, Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Esherichia coli. Cancer cell line (AMJ-13) cell line. Results: The prepared AgNPs and AuNPs were characterized by UV-visible spectroscopy, SEM microscopy and XRD analysis. UV-vis spectrum of AuNPs at 543 nm and AgNPs at 425 nm, particles size of AuNPs 24.74 nm and AgNPs 18.77 nm. The polymer blends and nano composites were characterized by FT-IR, SEM, DSC and TGA. DSC analysis investigated the polymer blend and nano composites shows a good thermal stability for all prepared compounds. The inhibition zone of blend and nanocomposites The Inhibition zone of blend and Nano composites ranging between (8-15) millimetre with concentration of 20 mg. The inhibition rate of blend and Nanocomposites ranging between (1.33 – 77.33) for all compounds. IC 50 of blend and Nanocomposites ranging between (26.04 - 183.56) µg for all compounds. Conclusions: The prepared AgNPs and AuNPs were characterized by UV-visible spectroscopy, SEM microscopy and XRD analysis. UV-vis spectrum of AuNPs at 543 nm and AgNPs at 425 nm, particles size of AuNPs 24.74 nm and AgNPs 18.77 nm. The polymer blends and nano composites were characterized by FT-IR, SEM, DSC and TGA. DSC analysis investigated the polymer blend and nano composites shows a good thermal stability for all prepared compounds. The inhibition zone of blend and nanocomposites The Inhibition zone of blend and Nano composites ranging between (8-15) millimetre with concentration of 20 mg. The inhibition rate of blend and Nanocomposites ranging between (1.33 – 77.33) for all compounds. IC 50 of blend and Nanocomposites ranging between (26.04 - 183.56) µg for all compounds.
Robots have become an essential part of modern industries in welding departments to increase the accuracy and rate of production. The intelligent detection of welding line edges to start the weld in a proper position is very important. This work introduces a new approach using image processing to detect welding lines by tracking the edges of plates according to the required speed by three degrees of a freedom robotic arm. The two different algorithms achieved in the developed approach are the edge detection and top-hat transformation. An adaptive neuro-fuzzy inference system ANFIS was used to choose the best forward and inverse kinematics of the robot. MIG welding at the end-effector was applied as a tool in this system, and the wel
... Show MoreSolar tracking systems used are to increase the efficiency of the solar cells have attracted the attention of
researchers recently due to the fact that the attention has been directed to the renewable energy sources. Solar tracking systems are of two types, Maximum Power Point Tracking (MPPT) and sun path tracking. Both types are studied briefly in this paper and a simple low cost sun path tracking system is designed using simple commercially available component. Measurements have been made for comparison between fixed and tracking system. The results have shown that the tracking system is effective in the sense of relatively high output power increase and low cost.
Abstract
The grey system model GM(1,1) is the model of the prediction of the time series and the basis of the grey theory. This research presents the methods for estimating parameters of the grey model GM(1,1) is the accumulative method (ACC), the exponential method (EXP), modified exponential method (Mod EXP) and the Particle Swarm Optimization method (PSO). These methods were compared based on the Mean square error (MSE) and the Mean Absolute percentage error (MAPE) as a basis comparator and the simulation method was adopted for the best of the four methods, The best method was obtained and then applied to real data. This data represents the consumption rate of two types of oils a he
... Show MoreThe research aims to identify the effect of teaching-learning design based on the constructivism theory on the life skills of middle stage students. The sample consisted of (60) students from one of the middle schools in Baghdad's governorate. The experimental group and control group consisted of 30 students for each group, the research tool was the life skills scale composed of (78) items. The scale proved its validity and reliability, which was found to be (0.85). The results showed a statistically significant difference in life skills between the two groups of research in favor of the experimental group, which studied the educational design according to models of constructivism theory compared to the usual method of teaching.
this paper consists of three sections, Section one deals with the most important difficulties and characteristics of English subordinate clauses whereas section two tackles the difficulties faced by the Iraqi EFL students at the third year in the Department of English, College of languages, University of Baghdad in recognizing and producing the subordinate clauses submitting them to a test consisting of two questions (recognition and production). Finally, some pedagogical recommendation of the findings can be found in section four.
Gas-lift technique plays an important role in sustaining oil production, especially from a mature field when the reservoirs’ natural energy becomes insufficient. However, optimally allocation of the gas injection rate in a large field through its gas-lift network system towards maximization of oil production rate is a challenging task. The conventional gas-lift optimization problems may become inefficient and incapable of modelling the gas-lift optimization in a large network system with problems associated with multi-objective, multi-constrained, and limited gas injection rate. The key objective of this study is to assess the feasibility of utilizing the Genetic Algorithm (GA) technique to optimize t
Castellated columns are structural members that are created by breaking a rolled column along the center-line by flame after that rejoining the equivalent halves by welding such that for better structural strength against axial loading, the total column depth is increased by around 50 percent. The implementation of these institutional members will also contribute to significant economies of material value. The main objectives of this study are to study the enhancement of the load-carrying capacity of castellated columns with encasement of the columns by Reactive Powder Concrete (RPC) and lacing reinforcement, and serviceability of the confined castellated columns. The Castellated columns with RPC and Lacing Reinforcement improve com
... Show MoreGrass trimming operation is widely done in Malaysia for the purpose of maintaining highways. Large number of operators engaged in this work encounters high level of noise generated by back pack type grass trimmer used for this purpose. High level of noise exposure gives different kinds of ill effect on human operators. Exact nature of deteriorated work performance is not known. For predicting the work efficiency deterioration, fuzzy tool has been used in present research. It has been established that a fuzzy computing system will help in identification and analysis of fuzzy models fuzzy system offers a convenient way of representing the relationships between the inputs and outputs of a system in the form of IF-THEN rules. The paper presents
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