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Comprehensive Model for Flash Calculations of Heavy Oils Using the Soave - Redlich - Kwong Equation of State
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Abstract<p>One of the main techniques to achieve phase behavior calculations of reservoir fluids is the equation of state. Soave - Redlich - Kwong equation of state can then be used to predict the phase behavior of the petroleum fluids by treating it as a multi-components system of pure and pseudo-components. The use of Soave – Redlich – Kwon equation of state is popular in the calculations of petroleum engineering therefore many researchers used it to perform phase behavior analysis for reservoir fluids (Wang and Orr (2000), Ertekin and Obut (2003), Hasan (2004) and Haghtalab (2011))</p><p>This paper presents a new flash model for reservoir fluids in gas – oil separation stations. The proposed model uses Soave - Redlich - Kwong equation of state for calculating vapor and liquid mole fraction after each separation stage of heavy oils. The form of Soave - Redlich - Kwong equation of state that used in this paper is the cubic equation for Z-factor. The solution of this cubic equation depends on using Newton's and false position methods to find the three roots of the equation. This model finds the initial guess of Z-Factor using the false position technique and calculates the exact value of Z-Factor by applying the Newton-Raphson technique. The new model distinguishes between liquid and vapor phases through choosing the minimum root as the Z factor for the liquid phase and the maximum root as the Z factor for the vapor phase.</p><p>Many empirical relationships have been applied to calculate the related parameters which are utilized to perform the flash calculation. AL–Dulaimy's correlation (2002) is utilized to calculate the critical properties for the plus fraction (C7+). Wilson's correlation (1968) is used to guess the initial value of equilibrium ratio. Whitson's correlation (1984) is employed for calculating boiling point for plus fraction (C7+).</p><p>The new model has been tested using Iraqi oils data for several degasing stations. Calculated results of vapor mole fractions are found to be in excellent agreement with the field data. The graphical demonstration of the calculated results and field data shows credit index to utilize the new model in separation calculations of heavy oils under different temperatures. Two more Iraqi separation stations have been used to check the efficiency of the proposed model.</p>
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Publication Date
Mon Mar 20 2023
Journal Name
Sustainability
The Economic Impacts of Using Renewable Energy Technologies for Irrigation Water Pumping and Nanoparticle Fertilizers on Agri-Food Production in Iraq
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While traditional energy sources such as oil, coal, and natural gas drive economic growth, they also seriously affect people’s health and the environment. Renewable energies (RE) are presently seen as an efficient choice for attaining long-term sustainability in development. They provide an adequate response to climate change and supply sufficient electricity. The current situation in Iraq results from a decades-long scarcity of reliable electricity, which has impacted various industries, including agriculture. There are diverse prospects for using renewable energy sources to address the present power crisis. The economic and environmental impacts of renewable energy systems were investigated in this study by using the solar pumpi

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Publication Date
Mon Dec 01 2014
Journal Name
Journal Of Economics And Administrative Sciences
Material Requirements Planning (MRP) for Electric Geyser Product by Using Goal Programming\ applicative research in the general company of electrical industrialization
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Material Requirements Planning System (MRP) is considered as one of the planning and controlling of production and inventory systems which is used to prepare plan of the final production requirements and its parts of subcomponents raw materials and the time at which it was needed for the purpose of preparing orders of production and purchase.

The problem of the present work is represented in the general company of electrical industrialization adoption of traditional methods and personal experience of the process of the products and\or purchase quantity and inventory quantities and limiting the required time for acquiring the required quantities of the materials and parts used in the finish product of the

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Publication Date
Sun Mar 01 2020
Journal Name
Baghdad Science Journal
Indirect Spectrofluorometric Method for the Determination of Cefotaxime Sodium, Ciprofloxacin Hydrochloride and Famotidine in Pharmaceuticals Using Bromate-Bromide and Acriflavine Dye
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An Indirect simple sensitive and applicable spectrofluorometric method has been developed for the determination of Cefotaxime Sodium (CEF), ciprofloxacin Hydrochloride (CIP) and Famotidine (FAM) using reaction system bromate-bromide and acriflavine (AF) as fluorescent dye. The method is based on the oxidation of drugs with known excess bromate-bromide mixture in acidic medium and subsequent determination of unreacted oxidant by quenching fluorescence of AF. Fluorescence intensity of residual AF was measured at 528 nm after excitation at 402 nm. The fluorescence-concentration plots were rectilinear over the ranges 0.1-3.0, 0.05-2.6 and 0.1-3.8 µg ml-1 with lower detection limits of 0.013, 0.018 and 0.021 µg ml-1 an

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Publication Date
Wed Mar 10 2021
Journal Name
Baghdad Science Journal
Improve the performance of solar cells using new designs for pelvic center wheel Type V compound mirrors encased by Vernil glasses
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Design and build a center basins new p-type four mirrors were studied its effect on all parameters evaluating the performance of the solar cell silicon in the absence of a cooling system is switched on and noted that the efficiency of the performance Hzzh cell increased from 11.94 to 21 without cooling either with cooling has increased the efficiency of the

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Publication Date
Mon Oct 13 2025
Journal Name
Iraqi Journal Of Science
Elastic Electron Scattering Form Factors and Charge Densities for Some Nuclei in 2s-1d Shell Using the Effect of Occupation Numbers
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Elastic electron scattering form factors, charge density distributions and charge,neutron and matter root mean square (rms) radii for P24PMg, P28PSi and P32PS nuclei arestudied using the effect of occupation numbers. Single-particle radial wave functionsof harmonic-oscillators (HO) potential are used. In general, the results of elasticcharge form factors showed good agreement with experimental data. The occupationnumbers are taken to reproduce the quantities mentioned above. The inclusion ofoccupation numbers enhances the form factors to become closer to the data. For thecalculated charge density distributions, the results show good agreement withexperimental data except the fail to produce the hump in the central region for P28PSinucleus.

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Publication Date
Sun Mar 30 2003
Journal Name
Iraqi Journal Of Chemical And Petroleum Engineering
Improvement of CIATIM-201 Grease Properties for Use under Severe Conditions using Suitable Additives
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Publication Date
Mon Feb 01 2021
Journal Name
Iop Conference Series: Materials Science And Engineering
Azo Coupling Reaction for indirect Spectrophotometric Determination of Furosemide using Resorcinol as a Reagent
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Abstract<p>A simple and accurate method to determinate furosemide (FUR) based on converting the secondary amine to primary amine with acidic hydrolysis then azotization by nitrous acid and coupled with resorcinol as a coupling agent in aqueous medium at pH 13. The optical characteristic like beers law limit found to be (0.25-2.5) μg.ml<sup>−1</sup>, detection and quantification limits (0.0196) (0.0654) μg.ml<sup>−1</sup>respectivly and Sandel sensitivity was 0.006738 μg.cm<sup>−2</sup>. The least-square method was used to evaluate the regression equation and the correlation coefficient. The resulted azo dye has a maximum absorbance at 430 nm with light oran</p> ... Show More
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Publication Date
Fri Jul 21 2023
Journal Name
Journal Of Engineering
SIMULATION OF OPTIMAL SPEED CONTROL FOR A DC MOTOR USING LINEAR QUADRATIC REGULATOR (LQR)
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This paper describes DC motor speed control based on optimal Linear Quadratic Regulator (LQR) technique. Controller's objective is to maintain the speed of rotation of the motor shaft with a particular step response.The controller is modeled in MATLAB environment, the simulation results show that the proposed controller gives better performance and less settling time when compared with the traditional PID controller.

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Publication Date
Sat Apr 01 2023
Journal Name
Viii. International Scientific Congress Of Pure, Applied And Technological Sciences (minar Congress)
DETERMINING AN APPROPRIATE INITIAL VALUE OF ECCENTRICITY FOR LOW EARTH SATELLITES USING EULER METHOD
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The major goal of this research was to use the Euler method to determine the best starting value for eccentricity. Various heights were chosen for satellites that were affected by atmospheric drag. It was explained how to turn the position and velocity components into orbital elements. Also, Euler integration method was explained. The results indicated that the drag is deviated the satellite trajectory from a keplerian orbit. As a result, the Keplerian orbital elements alter throughout time. Additionally, the current analysis showed that Euler method could only be used for low Earth orbits between (100 and 500) km and very small eccentricity (e = 0.001).

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Crossref
Publication Date
Sat Aug 01 2020
Journal Name
Journal Of Engineering
New Approaches of Cloud Services Access using Tonido Cloud Server for Real-Time Applications
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A Tonido cloud server provides a private cloud storage solution and synchronizes customers and employees with the required cloud services over the enterprise. Generally, access to any cloud services by users is via the Internet connection, which can face some problems, and then users may encounter in accessing these services due to a weak Internet connection or heavy load sometimes especially with live video streaming applications overcloud. In this work, flexible and inexpensive proposed accessing methods are submitted and implemented concerning real-time applications that enable users to access cloud services locally and regionally. Practically, to simulate our network connection, we proposed to use the Raspberry-pi3 m

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