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Combining Electro Fenton With Adsorption Processes for Treatment of Petroleum Refinery Wastewater
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ABSTRACT<p> This study investigates the elimination of chemical oxygen demand (COD) from an Iraqi petroleum refinery effluent through a combined electro‐Fenton and adsorption process (EF+AC). Response surface methodology (RSM) with a Box–Behnken design (BBD) was employed to investigate the effects of FeSO <sub>4</sub> concentration, current density, and electrolysis time on the reduction of COD using the EF technique. According to the results of the analysis of variance (ANOVA) for the EF technique, FeSO <sub>4</sub> concentrations, with a contribution of 40.06%, and current density, with a contribution of 46.35%, exert a considerable influence. The optimum conditions for COD elimination rate (99.06%) and energy consumption (9.805 kWh/kg COD) were achieved using an electrolysis time of 85.12 min, a current density of 25 mA/cm <sup>2</sup> , and a concentration of 1.335 mM FeSO <sub>4</sub> . For the EF+AC process, a central composite design (CCD) was used to determine the influence of the packing level of activated carbon (AC) and the time on the reduction of COD at a constant current density of 5 mA/cm <sup>2</sup> and FeSO <sub>4</sub> concentration of 0.2 mM. The packing level of AC significantly influenced the elimination of COD, with time being the subsequent factor. The results showed that the optimal conditions led to a 98.77% removal of COD, requiring 0.91 kWh/kg COD. This efficiency and energy consumption were attained by using 92% packed AC and allowing the process to run for 85 min. EF+AC was found to have lower energy consumption and a smaller quantity of ferrous sulfate compared to EF. Notably, the current system offers a promising vision by combining the benefits of adsorption and electro‐Fenton for wastewater remediation. </p>
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Publication Date
Tue Jul 01 2025
Journal Name
Iraqi Journal Of Hematology
The role of CD319, CD117, CD28, CD49e, CD56, and CD44 expression as diagnostic and prognostic markers in multiple myeloma
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BACKGROUND Multiple myeloma (MM) is a plasma cell disorder characterized by the infiltration of clonal plasma cells in the bone marrow and the detection of a monoclonal immunoglobulin in serum and/or urine. Renal failure, anemia, hypercalcemia, and the presence of bone lesions are the hallmarks of the disease. The study aimed to evaluate the clinical, hematological, radiological, and immunophenotypic features of MM patients and to identify prognostic factors influencing survival outcomes. This cohort study included 77 newly diagnosed, untreated MM patients. Their clinical presentation, laboratory data, imaging results, and the expression of flow cytometry markers were analyzed in correlation with the 1-year overall survival (OS). The mean a

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Publication Date
Sat Apr 01 2023
Journal Name
Baghdad Science Journal
Equilibrium, Kinetic, and Thermodynamic Study of Removing Methyl Orange Dye from Aqueous Solution Using Zizphus spina-christi Leaf Powder
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In this study, Zizphus spina-christi leaf powder was applied for the adsorption of methyl orange. The effect of different operating parameters on the Batch Process adsorption was investigated such as solution pH (2-12), effect of contact time (0-60 min.), initial dye concentration (2-20 mg/L), effect of adsorbent dosage (0-4.5 g) and effect of temperature (20-50ᵒC). The results show a maximum removal rate and adsorption capacity (%R= 23.146, qe = 2.778 mg/g) at pH = 2 and equilibrium was reached at 40 min. The pseudo- second-order kinetics were found to be best fit for the removal process (R2 = 0.997). Different isotherm models (Langmuir, Freundlich, Dubini-Radushkevich,Temkin)  were applied in this stud

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Publication Date
Tue May 27 2025
Journal Name
Bulletin Of The Chemical Society Of Ethiopia
Preparation, kinetics, and thermodynamic investigation of Janus green dye removal from aqueous solutions using MnO2 nanoparticles as an adsorbent
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In this study, manganese dioxide (MnO₂) nanoparticles (NPs) were synthesized via the hydrothermal method and utilized for the adsorption of Janus green dye (JG) from aqueous solutions. The effects of MnO₂ NPs on kinetics and diffusion were also analyzed. The synthesized NPs were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), energy-dispersive X-ray analysis (EDX), and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), with XRD confirming the nanoparticle size of 6.23 nm. The adsorption kinetics were investigated using three models: pseudo-first-order (PFO), pseudo-second-order (PSO), and the intraparticle diffusion model. The PSO model provided the best fit (R² = 0.999), indicating that the adsorpti

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Publication Date
Sun Jan 01 2023
Journal Name
Saudi Endodontic Journal
Comparison of root canal transportation and centering after instrumentation through conservative and traditional access cavities using different file systems
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Introduction:

While conservative access preparations could increase fracture resistance of endodontically treated teeth, it may influence the shape of the prepared root canal. The aim of this study was to compare the prepared canal transportation and centering ability after continuous rotation or reciprocation instrumentation in teeth accessed through traditional or conservative endodontic cavities by using cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT).

Materials and Methods:

Forty extracted intact, matured, and 2-rooted human maxillary first premolars were selected for this

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Publication Date
Wed Jan 01 2020
Journal Name
Proceedings Of The 2020 2nd International Conference On Sustainable Manufacturing, Materials And Technologies
Agricultural extension system industrial managers in the light of their training needs to face job stress - A field study
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Publication Date
Wed Aug 03 2022
Journal Name
Chemical Methodologies
Synthesis and Characterization of New 1,3,4-Thiadiazole Derivatives Containing Azo Group from Acid Hydrazide and Studying Their Antioxidant Activity
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Publication Date
Fri Oct 31 2025
Journal Name
The Iraqi Geological Journal
Improving Carbonate Reservoir Development Decision: A Study of Controlling Factors Based on Geological and Engineering Objectives, Halfaya Oil Field
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Detecting the optimum layer for well placement, which requires a diverse assortment of tools and techniques, represents a significant challenge in petroleum studies due to its critical impact on minimizing drilling costs and time. This study aims to evaluate integrated geological, petrophysical, seismic, and geomechanical data to identify the optimum zones for well placement. Three different reservoirs were analyzed to account for lateral and vertical variations in reservoir properties. The integrated data from these reservoirs provides many tools for reservoir development, especially to detect appropriate well placement zones based on evaluations of reservoir and geomechanical quality. The Mechanical Earth Model (MEM) was construct

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Publication Date
Thu May 21 2026
Journal Name
American Institute Of Physics Publishing
Synthesis, characterization and biological evaluation of some new Schiff bases derivatives derived from 4-formylphenyl-2-(2,3-dimethylphenylamino) benzoate
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New derivatives of Schiff bases were synthesized from the aldehyde derivative (Ma2) which was produced by reacting the mefenamic acid (Ma) with thionyl chloride to obtain the acid halide derivative (Ma1). Compound (Ma1) was dissolved in DMF and mixed with p-hydroxybenzaldehyde which was previously dissolved with pyridine to obtain the aldehyde derivative (Ma2). In the final step, derivatives of Schiff bases were synthesized by reacting the aldehyde (Ma2) with a number of different aromatic primary amines in the presence of glacial acetic acid to obtain the new derivatives Ma [3-10]. The new prepared compounds were characterized by melting points and with spectral data FT-IR, 13C-NMR and 1H-MNR (some of them). The vital effectiven

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Publication Date
Fri Feb 01 2019
Journal Name
Journal Of Physics: Conference Series
Manufacturing and studying the effect of partial substitution on the properties of the compound Bi<sub>2-x</sub> Ag<sub>x</sub>Sr<sub>1.9</sub>Ba<sub>0.1</sub>Ca<sub>2</sub>Cu<sub>3</sub>O<sub>10+δ</sub> superconductors.
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Publication Date
Sun Sep 01 2019
Journal Name
Journal Of Accounting And Financial Studies ( Jafs )
Measuring the Social Responsibility and its Impact on the Financial Performance of Banks: Applied Research in the Iraqi National Bank
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The objective of the research is to measure the impact of social responsibility on the financial performance of the National Bank of Iraq for the period from 2014 to 2016 (3 years) through discussing and analyzing the level of practice of the Bank of Baghdad for social responsibility and the impact on their financial performance during the period. To measure the independent variable (CSR), the researcher used the CSR Disclosure Index and relied on the ROA as an indicator to measure the dependent variable (financial performance). The results of the research showed the main hypothesis of the research, which states that the social responsibility of the banks has no significant impact on the financial performance. In relation to the disclosu

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