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Dynamic thermal modelling of energy storage unit based on PCM under single or two-phase flow conditions
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Phase change materials are extensively studied for use in low-, mid-, and high-temperature applications due to their melting and solidification temperatures, latent heat, and thermophysical properties. This work aims to explore the energy stored, or released and their duration for the energy storage unit formed of a phase change material surrounding a tube within which a hot or cold, single or Two-Phase fluid flows, serving as a heat source or sink. The 3D axial transient thermal analysis of the energy storage unit is performed using the finite element method via a MATLAB-developed computer program. The effects of single- or Two-Phase fluid flow on temperature distribution, solidification, melting duration, and energy stored within phase change materials are investigated. The heat transfer coefficient and pressure drop for the single-phase and Two-Phase Flow are presented. A parametric study is performed on thermal energy storage and release, as well as the unit's melting duration. The involved parameters are tube diameters, inlet temperature, Reynolds number of the flowing fluid, and different Phase change materials. The results show that fluid inlet temperature has a significant impact on the stored energy and the melting duration. Increasing the Reynolds number from 1500 to 12000 reduces the melting duration of the unit using Calcium Chloride Hexahydrate by 66%, while increasing the stored energy by 194.12%. The unit with the larger tube diameter showed a faster thermal response than the unit with the smaller diameter under the same operating conditions. Increasing the quality of Two-Phase Flow increases the energy stored and shortens its duration.

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Publication Date
Fri May 17 2024
Journal Name
Alnakhla Journal Of Science
Effect of microwave pasteurization on quality characteristics of table eggs during refrigerator storage
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An experiments were carried out at the College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Baghdad, during the period from October 26th 2023 to December 20th 2023, to study the effect of pasteurizing treatments of shell table egg using traditional Microwave oven on its quality characteristics during Zero, 1, 2, 4  and 8 weeks of refrigerator storage. A total of 120 fresh table eggs (White shell eggs) were collected from 20000 Luhman layer hens flock at Al-Amir project commercial farm, Al-Musaib city. These eggs were divided into 4 treatment of microwave pasteurization treatments which were Zero, 10, 20, and 30 sec. Results revealed that significant differences (P<0.05) for the internal characteristics of the egg after storage for 2, 4

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Publication Date
Thu Sep 30 2004
Journal Name
Iraqi Journal Of Chemical And Petroleum Engineering
Adsorption of Hydrogen and Methane as Single Gases on Activated Carbon
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Publication Date
Wed Aug 01 2018
Journal Name
Materials Research Bulletin
Chemical bath deposition of single crystal SnS nanobelts on glass substrates
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SnS nanobelt thin films were deposited on glass substrates in acidic solution by chemical bath deposition (CBD) method. The belt-like morphologies of as-deposited SnS thin films were characterized by scanning electron microscope (SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Raman measurements were carried out to confirm the crystal structures and phase purities of SnS nanobelt thin films. The morphologies and phase purities of SnS thin films were influenced greatly by the tin and sulfur precursors. The bandgaps of SnS nanobelts were determined to be 1.39–1.41 eV by UV–vis absorption and photoluminescence (PL) spectra. Current-voltage ((I-V)) and current-time ((I-T)) characteristics were studied to demon

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Publication Date
Sat Feb 07 2026
Journal Name
Journal Of Engineering And Applied Science
Thermal performance of a pulsating heat pipe heat exchanger for energy recovery in air conditioning systems in a high-ambient temperature country
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Publication Date
Sat Jan 01 2011
Journal Name
Journal Of Environmental Engineering
Influence of Clay Lens on Migration of Light Nonaqueous Phase Liquid in Unsaturated Zone
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Publication Date
Fri Sep 30 2011
Journal Name
Al-khwarizmi Engineering Journal
Composition and Temperature Dependence of Excess Volume of Heavy Oil-Stocks Mixtures + (Gas oil or Toluene or Reformate)
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Binary mixtures of three, heavy oil-stocks was subjected to density measurements at temperatures of 30, 35 and 40 °C. and precise data was acquired on the volumetric behavior of these systems. The results are reported in terms of equations for excess specific volumes of mixtures. The heavy oil-stocks used were of good varity, namely 40 stock, 60 stock, and 150 stock. The lightest one is 40 stock with °API gravity 33.69 while 60 stock is a middle type and 150 stock is a heavy one, with °API gravity 27.74 and 23.79 respectively. Temperatures in the range of 30-40 °C have a minor effect on excess volume of heavy oil-stock binary mixture thus, insignificant expansion or shrinkage is observed by increasing the temperature this effect beco

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Publication Date
Wed Jan 01 2014
Journal Name
Journal Of Arts
Infinitive Clauses: Tensed or Untensed
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Abstract In this paper, the researcher accounts for two different points of view concerning the tense of infinitive clauses in English language when functioning as verb complementation, and explains their bases and justifications. Some grammarians postulate that infinitive clauses complementation are tensed clauses, having the feature  tense , since they, sometimes, indicate time relations different from that of the matrix clause, while most grammarians and linguists say that infinitive clauses, in their two types- 'to'- infinitives and bare infinitives, are tenseless clauses; they are nonfinite clauses. Grammarians state that infinitive clauses functioning as verb complementation are tensed clauses due to the presence of some temp

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Publication Date
Fri Feb 08 2019
Journal Name
Journal Of The College Of Education For Women
Translating Poetry: Possibility or Impossibility?
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Translating poetry is considered one of the most complicated types of translations. It
encounters many difficulties, the most important of which is the question of possibility or
impossibility of translating poetry. So, it is better to start by asking the following question: is
the translation of poetry possible? Or is it impossible? It is definitely a rhetorical question
because translation is as old as the presence of translated texts, which fills the shelves of
libraries. One can ask despite these difficulties, who would discourage people of the world
from translating poetry merely because it is fundamentally impossible? (Mann, 1970: 211)
The present paper will elaborate, in more detail, upon the necessary traits

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Publication Date
Thu Jan 30 2014
Journal Name
Al-kindy College Medical Journal
Ventriculoperitonealshunt, Programmable or non-programmable
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Background:Hydrocephalus is dilatation of the ventricular system due to excessive production and/ or obstruction of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) pathways. Different surgical procedure are used to treat this disease. Ventriculo peritoneal shunt is by far the most popular technique for CSF diversion..
Objective;To compare the programmable and non-programmable valves regarding the complications of both types
Methods:This study was conducted in the Neurosurgical hospital of Baghdad/Iraq over a period of 3 years from July 2008 to August 2011.
A special inclusion criteria has been tabulated for the selection of patients..
Results:.Fifty cases with hydrocephalus admitted and diagnosed by CT scan and treated by ventriculoperitoneal shun

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Publication Date
Tue Apr 18 2017
Journal Name
Transactions Of The Asabe
Effect of Drying Conditions on Triticale Seed Germination and Rice Weevil Infestation
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The combination of high protein content and a soft seed coat makes the wheat-rye hybrid Triticale (Triticosecale) vulnerable to attack by rice weevils. Drying triticale grain to moisture contents safe for storage can prevent infestation by rice weevils, but if grain is being stored for seed, high drying temperatures can affect seed germination. Grain can be effectively dried at low temperatures, but low-temperature drying is difficult in hot, humid regions such as the Gulf Coast. This study nvestigated the effects of drying temperatures from 35°C to 45°C on triticale seed germination and found no statistical differences between the germination rates of the seed at any of the drying temperatures and the germination rates of controls. Final

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