Over the last few decades, fiber reinforced polymer (FRP) has been increasingly used in strengthening different structural concrete members. The main objective of this research is to study the influence of curvature on the performance of curved soffit reinforced concrete (RC) bridge girders that have been strengthened with carbon fiber reinforced polymers (CFRP). This experimental program was designed to evaluate the effect of concavity and soffit curvature on the CFRP laminate utilization and load capacity, compared to flat soffit RC beams strengthened with the same CFRP system. Accordingly, five beams, 2.7 m in length and having the same degree of soffit curvature (20 mm per 1 meter) extending over 2 meters of the span length, were tested under three-point monotonic static loading up to failure. CFRP pre-cured laminates were used for external strengthening in flexure. It was observed that 20 mm/m degree of curvature reduced the load-carrying capacity of strengthened concavely curved RC beams by 15.9 – 17.8%.
The topic area of that’s research dealing with values which adopted by Iraqi people since 1980, many changes and variables which make many situations and skills which the life is suitable in war and conflicts times. That’s values like traditional and ordering, traditionalism mean the conservation about values s and tradition which society adopted its. The Iraqi society suffering from many changes since 1980-2003, the consequently of that’s changes make Iraqi citizen more interested about luxury needs like clothes, while decreasing the interested about liberty of thought, beauty, show evidence of identity, and openness of mind. The processing of values changes associated with political behavior of Iraqi people which lead to weaken o
... Show MoreInvestigating the human mobility patterns is a highly interesting field in the 21th century, and it takes vast attention from multi-disciplinary scientists in physics, economic, social, computer, engineering…etc. depending on the concept that relates between human mobility patterns and their communications. Hence, the necessity for a rich repository of data has emerged. Therefore, the most powerful solution is the usage of GSM network data, which gives millions of Call Details Records gained from urban regions. However, the available data still have shortcomings, because it gives only the indication of spatio-temporal data at only the moment of mobile communication activities. In th
The aim of this paper is to determine the significant levels of some heavy metals such: lead, chromium, nickel and cadmium, were determined. Sources of pollution and their distribution according to presence of elements in the soils over the whole zone of the province of Maysan in southern of Iraq were investigated 36 soil samples from different zones: residential, industrial, commercial, agricultural and main roads, were collected from the soil surface and a depth of 30 cm and analyzed measuring of concentrations for heavy metals by a device ICP-MS technique. The results were compared with global standard levels of these elements in the soil.
Community detection is useful for better understanding the structure of complex networks. It aids in the extraction of the required information from such networks and has a vital role in different fields that range from healthcare to regional geography, economics, human interactions, and mobility. The method for detecting the structure of communities involves the partitioning of complex networks into groups of nodes, with extensive connections within community and sparse connections with other communities. In the literature, two main measures, namely the Modularity (Q) and Normalized Mutual Information (NMI) have been used for evaluating the validation and quality of the detected community structures. Although many optimization algo
... Show MoreIn this paper, three types of epoxy-based coatings (Polyamide, pure Polyamine, and Polyamine reinforced by glass-flake) used as a lining for potable water tanks were studied using experimental and finite element methods. Tensile, impact, and fatigue tests were conducted on uncoated and coated AISI 316 stainless steel. The test results show that the applied epoxy based coating improves the mechanical properties, increases of fatigue crack resistance, and enhance the dynamic fracture toughness. The fatigue crack propagation is influenced by the compositions of epoxy coating, and the glass-flake improves the coating resistance to fatigue crack propagation compared to other types.
يتضمن البحث دراسة لزوجة محاليل تحتوي على املاح كلوريد البوتاسيوم وبروميد البوتاسيوم في مزيج من الماء وداي مثيل سلفوكسايد 60% وزنا داي مثيل سلفوكسايد.وقد اجريت الدراسة بست درجات حرارية مختلفة ونوقشت امكانية في ضوء معادلة جونز- دول حيث اخذ بنظر الاعتبار الحجم الايوني والشحنة وشكل جزيئات المذاب.
Lithium–Manganese ferrites having the chemical formula (Li0.5-0.5x Mnx Fe2.5-0.5x O4), (0 ≤ x ≤ 1) were prepared by double sintering powder processing. The density of the ferrite increased with Mn content while the porosity was noticed to decrease. The dielectric constant was found to increase at high frequencies more rapidly than the low ones. The dielectric constant found to decrease with Mn content. The decrease in loss factor with frequency agreed with Deby’s type relaxation process. A maximum of dielectric loss factor was observed when the hopping frequency is equal to the external electric field frequency. Manganese substitution reduced the dielectric loss in ferrite. The variation of tanδ with frequency shows a similar na
... Show MoreService companies always working to increase their competitiveness and efficiency of the survival, growth and development in the present and the future, including insurance companies, so as to increase competition, especially after the emergence of the civil companies dramatically after 2003, has become the goal of recent studies carried out by the organizations is the human capital, because its success and excellence and achievement its objectives depends on the human, and this does not mean that the other components are not important, but also rely on the rights which has increased interest in the search for the way in which they can guide the behaviors and values and their own language in line with the organization's strategy an
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