In the present work, Response Surface Methodology (RSM) was utilized to optimize process variables and find the best circumstances for indirect electrochemical oxidation of mimicked wastewater to remove phenol contaminants using prepared ternary composite electrode. The electrodeposition process is used for the synthesis of a ternary composite electrode of Mn, Co, and Ni oxides. The selected concentrations of metal salts of these elements were 0.05, 0.1, and 1.5 M, with constant molar ratio, current density, and electrolysis time of 1:1:1, 25 mA/cm2, and 2 h. Interestedly, the gathered Mn-Co-Ni oxides were deposited at both the anode and cathode. X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) facilitated the qualitative characterization of surface structure and morphology of the accumulated oxides. The energy dispersive X-ray (EDX) provided a semi-quantitative analysis of deposit composition. The atomic force microscopy (AFM) apparatus quantified the roughness. We examined the efficiency of composite electrodes in coinciding with the removal of Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD) under current densities of 40, 60, and 80 mA/cm2, pH values of 3, 4, and 5, and NaCl concentrations of 1, 1.5, 2 g/l. RSM covered the optimization of process parameters in conjunction with Central Composite Design (CCD). The COD represented the response function in the optimization procedure. The optimal current density, NaCl concentration, and pH magnitude were 80 mA/cm2, 1.717 g/l, and 3, respectively. The efficiency of COD elimination of 99.925% attained after 1 hour of indirect electrochemical oxidation with an energy consumption of 152.380 kWh per kilogram of COD. The COD elimination model is significant based on the correlation coefficient (R2) and F-values, and the experimental data fitted well to a second-order polynomial model with R2 of 98.93%.
In order to promote sustainable steel-concrete composite structures, special shear connectors that can facilitate deconstruction are needed. A lockbolt demountable shear connector (LB-DSC), including a grout-filled steel tube embedded in the concrete slab and fastened to a geometrically compatible partial-thread bolt, which is bolted on the steel section's top flange of a composite beam, was proposed. The main drawback of previous similar demountable bolts is the sudden slip of the bolt inside its hole. This bolt has a locked conical seat lug that is secured inside a predrilled compatible counter-sunk hole in the steel section's flange to provide a non-slip bolt-flange connection. Deconstruction is achieved by demounting the tube from the t
... Show MoreGreen nanotechnology is a thrilling and rising place of technology and generation that bracesthe ideas of inexperienced chemistry with ability advantages for sustainability, protection, andthe general protection from the race human. The inexperienced chemistry method introduces aproper technique for the production, processing, and alertness of much less dangerous chemicalsubstances to lessen threats to human fitness and the environment. The technique calls for inintensity expertise of the uncooked materials, particularly in phrases in their creation intonanomaterials and the resultant bioactivities that pose very few dangerous outcomes for peopleand the environment. In the twenty-first century, nanotechnology has become a systematic
... Show MoreFormation of Au–Ag–Cu ternary alloy nanoparticles (NPs) is of particular interest because this trimetallic system have miscible (Au–Ag and Au–Cu) and immiscible (Ag– Cu) system. So there is a possibility of phase segregation in this ternary system. At this challenge it was present attempts synthetic technique to generate such trimetallic alloy nanoparticles by exploding wire technique. The importance of preparing nanoparticles alloys in distilled water and in this technique makes the possibility of obtaining nanoparticles free of any additional chemical substance and makes it possible to be used in the treatment of cancer or diseases resulting from bacterial or virus with least toxic. In this work, three metals alloys Au-Ag-Cu
... Show MoreInvestigation of the adsorption of acid fuchsin dye (AFD) on Zeolite 5A is carried out using batch scale experiments according to statistical design. Adsorption isotherms, kinetics and thermodynamics were demonstrated. Results showed that the maximum removal efficiency was using zeolite at a temperature of 93.68751 mg/g. Experimental data was found to fit the Langmuir isotherm and pseudo second order kinetics with maximum removal of about 95%. Thermodynamic analysis showed an endothermic adsorption. Optimization was made for the most affecting operating variables and a model equation for the predicted efficiency was suggested.
The present study investigated the total content of phenolic compounds, antioxidant and antimicrobial activities of water extracts oat (Avena sativa) and basil (Ocimum basilicum), medicinal plants. The Folin-ciocalteu reagent assay was used to estimate the total phenolic content of plants extract. The antioxidant capacity of the plants extract was tested by ferric reducing/antioxidant power Assay (FRAP) and ferric reducing scavenging activity using DPPH method, and the antimicrobial activity was measured against [Staphylococcus epidermidis; Staphylococcus aureus; Proteus spp.; Klebsiella spp.; Escherichia coli; Candida albicans] as tester strains. The total phenolic content of Avena sativa and Ocimum basilicum extracts revealed that the
... Show MoreThe removal of COD from wastewater generated by petroleum refinery has been investigated by adopting electrocoagulation (EC) combined with adsorption using activated carbon (AC) derived from avocado seeds. The process variables influencing COD removal were studied: current density (2–10 mA/cm2), pH (4–9), and AC dosage (0.2–1 g/L). Response surface methodology (RSM) based on Box–Behnken design (BBD) was used to construct a mathematical model of the EC/AC process. Results showed that current density has the major effect on the COD removal with a percent of contribution 32.78% followed by pH while AC dosage has not a remarkable effect due to the good characteristics of AC derived from avocado seeds. Increasing current density gives be
... Show MoreThe impact of a proposal for the curriculum dictated by some of the barriers to the development of motor skillsA. M. D. Huda Ibrahim RezoukiM. M. Susan Salim DawoodIs the childhood of the most important and most fertile stage of basic education because of their significant impact in building a base on which the stated origin of sound in the early stages older age because the baby at this stage be very vulnerability to environmental factors different surroundings in which to leave their mark on his life in the stages of life other.The Gymnastics of sports long-term training, which begins between the ages very early relative to the rest of other games to reach the stage of the tournament from the age of 13-17 years almost to the women, this a
... Show MoreAim: To evaluate the commercial pure titanium disks that structuring by laser in two design (dot and groove) each one with three different laser scan (5, 15 and 25) and comparing with titanium surface that not subjected to any surface structuring (control) through measuring the wettability test and surface roughness test. Materials and methods: Structuring on the surface of the commercial pure titanium (CP Ti) disks was performed via using fiber laser CNC machine in two design (dot and groove) in three different laser scans (5, 15 and 25), then the structuring disks analyzed with the control group by atomic force microscope and water contact angle test. Results: The results of this study showed that the surface roughness and the wettability
... Show More