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Evaluation of Gas and Downhole Water Sink-Assisted Gravity Drainage GDWS-AGD Process in Saturated Oil Reservoirs with Infinite-Acting Aquifer
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Abstract<p>A hybrid Gas-Enhanced and Downhole Water Sink-Assisted Gravity Drainage (GDWS-AGD) process has been suggested to enhance oil recovery by placing vertical injectors for CO2 at the top of the reservoir with a series of horizontal oil-producing and water-drainage wells located above and below the oil-water contact, respectively. The injected gas builds a gas cap that drives the oil to the (upper) oil-producing wells while the bottom water-drainage wells control water cresting. The hybrid process of GDWS-AGD process has been first developed and tested in vertical wells to minimize water cut in reservoirs with bottom water drive and strong water coning tendencies. The wells were dual-completed with 7-inch production casing and 2-3/8 inch tubings and perforated above the oil-water contact (OWC) for oil production and below OWC for water drainage. The two completions were hydraulically isolated inside the well by a packer. The bottom (water sink) completion drained water with a submersible pump.</p><p>The GDWS-AGD was efficiently adopted to improve oil recovery at the PUNQ saturated oil field. The PUNQ Field has an infinite active aquifer with very strong edge and bottom water drives. A black oil reservoir flow model was implemented for CO2 flooding simulation of the GDWS-AGD process in comparison with the Gas-Assisted Gravity Drainage (GAGD) process. The comparison was performed to obtain the clearest image about the performance of the combined GDWS-AGD process. Next, Design of Experiments (DoE) and proxy modeling were incorporated to find the most sensitive parameters that affect the GDWS-AGD process performance. The candidate parameters are porosity, horizontal and vertical permeability for each layer, radius of aquifer and rock compressibility.</p><p>In the GDWS-AGD, the produced water not only reduced water cut and coning, but also significantly reduced the reservoir pressure, resulting in improving gas injectivity. In addition, the GDWS-AGD process improved cumulative oil production. More specifically, the results showed that cumulative oil production increased from 3.8*105m3 to 4.7*105m3 and water cut decreased from 97% to 92% in all the horizontal oil producers. For the proxy model, it was cleared from Sobol analysis that the porosity for layer 5 was more influential parameter than others on cumulative oil through GDWS-AGD process with 31% main effects and 0.025% interaction effects, while the horizontal permeability for layer 4 was the most influential parameter with 24% main effects and 1.5% interaction effects. The novelty of GDWS-AGD process comes from its effectiveness to improve oil recovery with reducing the water coning, water cut, and improving gas injectivity. This leads to more economic implementation, especially with respect to the operational surface facilities.</p>
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Publication Date
Thu Sep 16 2010
Journal Name
J Bagh Coll Dent
Traumatic injuries to the incisors among patients attending pedodontic clinic of Baghdad dental teaching hospital
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Publication Date
Fri Nov 01 2019
Journal Name
International Journal On Interactive Design And Manufacturing (ijidem)
A real-time automated sorting of robotic vision system based on the interactive design approach
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Publication Date
Sun Jul 12 2020
Journal Name
Medico-legal Update
New Record of the Genus Hydrotaea Robineau-Desvoidy, 1830 (Diptera, Muscidae) from Kerbala City, Iraq
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Publication Date
Thu Jan 24 2019
Journal Name
Journal Of Accounting And Financial Studies ( Jafs )
The Impact of service quality on University services Demand: Applied research at private Dijlah University
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One of the most important problems that would continuously face the Higher  education  organizations is how to  improve the service level  presented by them, and how this can lead to increase demand for services of this organizations.As this issue has exhausted many organizations pushed some of them to withdraw from the market Because of weaknesses in their services. Here lies the importance of this matter to be given more attention in order to maintain the organization competitive position. According to that, The selection of the research title (The Impact of Quality on the Level of the University Service Request) which seeks to measure the impact of service quality on the level of demand, At a time when  world&

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Publication Date
Mon Aug 01 2011
Journal Name
International Journal Of Research And Reviews In Computer Science
Detection of the photon number splitting attack by using decoy states quantum key distribution system
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The goal of this work is to check the presence of PNS (photon number splitting) attack in quantum cryptography system based on BB84 protocol, and to get a maximum secure key length as possible. This was achieved by randomly interleaving decoy states with mean photon numbers of 5.38, 1.588 and 0.48 between the signal states with mean photon numbers of 2.69, 0.794 and 0.24. The average length for a secure key obtained from our system discarding the cases with Eavesdropping was equal to 125 with 20 % decoy states and 82 with 50% decoy states for mean photon number of 0.794 for signal states and 1.588 for decoy states.

Publication Date
Sat Sep 30 2023
Journal Name
Iraqi Journal Of Chemical And Petroleum Engineering
Removal of Lead Ions from Wastewater by using a Local Adsorbent from Charring Tea Wastes
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   Adsorption of lead ions from wastewater by native agricultural waste, precisely tea waste. After the activation and carbonization of tea waste, there was a substantial improvement in surface area and other physical characteristics which include density, bulk density, and porosity. FTIR analysis indicates that the functional groups in tea waste adsorbent are aromatic and carboxylic. It can be concluded that the tea waste could be a good sorbent for the removal of Lead ions from wastewater. Different dosages of the adsorbents were used in the batch studies. A random series of experiments indicated a removal degree efficiency of lead reaching (95 %) at 5 ppm optimum concentration, with adsorbents R2 =97.75% for tea. Three mo

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Publication Date
Tue Mar 17 2020
Journal Name
Optical And Quantum Electronics
Photocatalytic activity of Ag-doped TiO2 nanostructures synthesized by DC reactive magnetron co-sputtering technique
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Publication Date
Sat Jul 28 2018
Journal Name
Journal Of Engineering
Experimental Investigation for the Removal of Toxic Gases from Vehicle Exhaust using Non-Thermal Plasma
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In this study, the use of non-thermal plasma theory to remove toxic gases emitted from a vehicle was experimentally investigated. A non-thermal plasma reactor was constructed in the form of a cylindrical tube made of Pyrex glass. Two stainless steel rods were placed inside the tube to generate electric discharge and plasma condition, by connecting with a high voltage power supply (up to 40 kV). The reactor was used to remove the contaminants of a 1.25-liter 4-cylinder engine at ambient conditions. Several tests have been carried out for a ranging speed from 750 to 4,500 rpm of the engine and varying voltages from 0 to 32 kV. The gases entering the reactor were examined by a gas analyzer and the gases concentration ratio

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Publication Date
Wed Nov 05 2014
Journal Name
International Journal Of Applied Mathematical Research
Approximate solution of a model describing biological species living together using a new iterative method
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Publication Date
Fri Mar 01 2024
Journal Name
Water, Air, &amp; Soil Pollution
Decontamination of Cobalt-Polluted Soils Using an Enhanced Electro-kinetic Method, Employing Eco-friendly Conditions
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