The issue of the Circular Economy is not a new issue to several countries, especially the developed ones. Here in Iraq it is considered newly introduced, despite the few attempts to establish projects that concern recycling most of them were doomed to fail, due to two main reasons: the first one is the financial and administrative corruption widespread in all departments of the country, the second one is the priorities of public spending. It is well known that Iraq was subjected to two major attacks, the ISIS entry attack in 2014 to Iraq. ISIS occupied about a third of Iraqi lands which resulted in a collapse in oil prices, as Iraq depends almost entirely on oil revenues in its budget which is the second attack. This made the Iraqi governme

Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) is acknowledged worldwide as one of the major vegetable crops, as is the case in Iraq. This research in 2024 was designed to recognize the species of Root-Knot Nematode (RKN) in central Iraq, assess its distribution, and study the level of susceptibility of 5 tomato varieties (SPEEDY, GS-12, SUPER LUX, TALA, and JUDIVIS). Since there is a threat of chemical nematicides, a greenhouse study was performed to evaluate other control methods, such as the use of organic fertilizers and the extract of nettles (Urtica dioica). Root-knot nematode (RKN) species consisting of Meloidogyne incognita, M. arenaria, and M. javanica were found in Baghdad, while only M. incognita was found in Babil. Molecular identificati

الخلاصة
یعد والت وتمن شاعرا استثنائیا سواء أكان ذلك في المكانة التي یحتلھا في الأدب الأمریكي او في نمط
اع t ذا الإیق t لة ھ t ة وص t وافقي خاص t اع الت t تخدامھ الإیق t ي اس t دي ف t ر تقلی t عرا غی t الشعر الذي یكتبھ. لقد كتب وتمن ش
ل t ة للتوص t ف الطبیع t وافقي لوص t اع ا لت t ن الإیق t تخدم وتم t ر ، اس t بوحدة الكون الذي عبر عنھ في شعره.وبمعنى آخ
نص t ل ال t جام داخ t رابط وانس t یج مت t ھ نس t ق انظم t دف لخل t ھ تھ t اھره أدبی t واف

The purpose of this interview study was to explore teachers’ perceptions of Response to Intervention (RtI) implementation in their school. Particularly, the study explored teachers’ knowledge of RtI, teachers’ perceptions of RtI their intervention/instruction in school, and teachers’ suggestions of RtI implementation in their school. The study design was a qualitative interview in nature and data were collected from face-to-face interviews with four teachers in one school. The findings revealed that RtI means to identify students’ problems; the positive teachers’ perceptions of their implementation included: (a) students who demonstrate progress through RtI are those who receive private education services, (b) progress monito

This deals with estimation of Reliability function and one shape parameter (?) of two- parameters Burr – XII , when ?(shape parameter is known) (?=0.5,1,1.5) and also the initial values of (?=1), while different sample shze n= 10, 20, 30, 50) bare used. The results depend on empirical study through simulation experiments are applied to compare the four methods of estimation, as well as computing the reliability function . The results of Mean square error indicates that Jacknif estimator is better than other three estimators , for all sample size and parameter values