The blade pitch angle (BPA) in wind turbine (WT) is controlled to maximize output power generation above the rated wind speed (WS). In this paper, four types of controllers are suggested and compared for BPA controller in WT: PID controller (PIDC), type-1 fuzzy logic controller (T1-FLC), type-2 fuzzy logic controller (T2-FLC), and hybrid fuzzy-PID controller (FPIDC). The Mamdani and Sugeno fuzzy inference systems (FIS) have been compared to find the best inference system used in FLC. Genetic algorithm (GA) and Particle swarm optimization algorithm (PSO) are used to find the optimal tuning of the PID parameter. The results of500-kw horizontal-axis wind turbine show that PIDC based on PSO can reduced 2.81% in summation error of power signal (EPS) than GA. T1-FLC based on Sugeno FIS performs 23.98% lower summation of EPS than T1-FLC based on Mamdani FIS and 27.63% lower than optimal PIDC when using PSO. Sugeno FIS in T2-FLC provides 21.81% lower summation of EPS than Mamdani FIS in T2-FLC and lower summation of EPS than T1-FLC based on Sugeno FIS. On the other hand, the hybrid type-2 fuzzy-PID controller (T2-FPIDC) based on PSO with the Sugeno FIS provides 21.93% lower summation of EPS than the Sugeno FIS in hybrid T2-FPIDC based on GA as well as 90% lower summation of EPS thanSugenoT2-FLC. Finally, the proposed optimal hybrid T2-FPIDC based on PSO and Sugeno FIS provides the best results in terms of consistent output power at fluctuating wind speeds and lowest in summation of EPS.
Pseudomonas aerogenosa lipopolysaccharidewas extracted by hot phenol method and purified by gel filtration method using the Sephadex G-200 gel and detected by the limulus amebocyt lysate (EU/ml 0.03)(Wako Chemicals USA, Inc.). The inhibitory effect of partially purified LPS on Candida glabrata yeast was studied in a microdilution method. This study found that LPS has an inhibitory effect on Candida glabrata with the lower concentrations. The inhibitory effect of LPS which treated with heating was studied under boiling and wet heat effect. The toxicity of LPS on Candida glabrata was not affected when treated with heating LPS and the results were similar to those found in untreated LPS
Mefenamic acid (MA) is one of the non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, it is widely used probably due to having both anti-inflammatory and analgesic activity, the main side effects of mefenamic acid include gastrointestinal tract (GIT) disturbance mainly diarrhea, peptic ulceration, and gastric bleeding. The analgesic effects of NSAIDs are probably linked to COX-2 inhibition, while COX-1 inhibition is the major cause of this classic adverse effects. Introduction of thiazolidinone may lead to the increase in the bulkiness leads to the preferential inhibition of COX-2 rather than COX-1 enzyme. The study aimed to synthesize derivatives of mefenamic acid with more potency and to decrease the drug's potential side effects, new series of 4-t
... Show MoreAn innovative desalination method called electrosorption or capacitive deionization (CDI) has significant benefits for wastewater treatment. This process is performed by using a carbon fiber electrode as a working electrode to remove hexavalent chromium ions from an aqueous solution. The pH, NaCl concentration, and cell voltage were optimized using the Box-Behnken experimental design (BDD) in response surface methodology (RSM) to study the effects and interactions of selected variables. To attain the relationship between the process variables and chromium removal, the experimental data were subjected to an analysis of variance and fitted with a quadratic model. The optimum conditions to remove Cr(VI) ions were: pH of 2, a cell voltage of 4.
... Show MoreThis work has been done to prepare a series of new alkene compounds derived from 4-thiozolidinones by substituting different aldehydes, P-acetamido-phenol, and 2-mercapto-benzoimidazole, which were used as starting materials to form ester [I]a,b and then make hydrazides [II]a,b, which were used to prepare 1, 3, and 4-oxadiazoles [III]a,b, which were then used for prepared Schiff bases [IV]a-f, The next step was the synthesis of 4-thiazoldinone derivatives [V]a-f from Schiff bases. The final step was the synthesis of alkenes [VII]a-f, the prepared derivatives were identified with spectral methods (FT-IR, 1H-NMR, mass, and CHNS). The antibacterial activity of the prepared derivatives was evaluated against four types of bacteria, pos
... Show MoreThis paper depends on sheding some litgt on the characteristics of political
relations between the arab and the Persian during the reign of sassane kings.
"Ardashir the first, shahbour the first, shahbour the second, Bahram the fifth; kisra
Anushrwan and kisrah abruis"
And who rulled the Persian before the Islamic conquest and were adopted in this studym
as a model. It was possible to get some information from invaluable refereces in order to
arrive at a clear image as regards the nature of these relations. These relations were
differently political according to the circumstances of ruling, interests and the personality
of those kings.
Image compression plays an important role in reducing the size and storage of data while increasing the speed of its transmission through the Internet significantly. Image compression is an important research topic for several decades and recently, with the great successes achieved by deep learning in many areas of image processing, especially image compression, and its use is increasing Gradually in the field of image compression. The deep learning neural network has also achieved great success in the field of processing and compressing various images of different sizes. In this paper, we present a structure for image compression based on the use of a Convolutional AutoEncoder (CAE) for deep learning, inspired by the diversity of human eye
... Show MoreThe compound Fe0.5CoxMg0.95-xO where (x= 0.025, 0.05, 0.075, 0.1) was prepared via the sol-gel technique. The crystalline nature of magnesium oxide was studied by X-ray powder diffraction (XRD) analysis, and the size of the sample crystals, ranging between (16.91-19.62nm), increased, while the lattice constant within the band (0.5337-0.4738 nm) decreased with increasing the cobalt concentration. The morphology of the specimens was studied by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) which shows images forming spherical granules in addition to the presence of interconnected chips. The presence of the elements involved in the super
The current study aims to compare between the assessments of the Rush model’s parameters to the missing and completed data in various ways of processing the missing data. To achieve the aim of the present study, the researcher followed the following steps: preparing Philip Carter test for the spatial capacity which consists of (20) items on a group of (250) sixth scientific stage students in the directorates of Baghdad Education at Al–Rusafa (1st, 2nd and 3rd) for the academic year (2018-2019). Then, the researcher relied on a single-parameter model to analyze the data. The researcher used Bilog-mg3 model to check the hypotheses, data and match them with the model. In addition
... Show MoreTeachers' self-efficacy plays a very important role in the process of teaching English language, and teachers have primary role in determining what is needed or what would work best with their students. The sample consists of eighty-seven English language teachers in secondary schools in Baghdad/Kaarkh2. Self-efficacy questionnaire of fifteen items was constructed. Face, content validity and reliability were verified. Then, pupils' marks for the first semester were taken as their achievement.The main finding of the study indicates that:
English language teachers' self-efficacy has effect on their pupils' achievement.
In the light of the findings of the present study, several conclusions, recommendations and suggestions for further