Here is a professional and precise English translation of the text, formatted for clarity and academic/report standards: ## Translation Sustainable management of irrigation water is one of the most critical challenges facing the agricultural sector in Iraq, including the Al-Mahmoudiya district. As a vital rural and agricultural area, Al-Mahmoudiya relies on agriculture as a primary source of livelihood, particularly for cultivating grains, vegetables, and certain horticultural crops. Farmers in the district mainly depend on the Tigris and Euphrates rivers and their branching canals, as well as groundwater in certain areas. However, the prevailing irrigation methods remain traditional, leading to significant water waste and low water-use efficiency. Therefore, shifting toward a more sustainable management approach is essential, especially in light of climate change, water scarcity, and population growth. The research aims to study the current reality of irrigation water use in the district’s agricultural operations and to identify water sources and their sustainability amid climate change and declining water resources. Furthermore, it highlights the traditional and modern irrigation methods utilized and their significance in achieving optimal water use. The study also examines the natural and human factors influencing water management, such as soil quality and prevailing farming patterns. Sustainable water management in Al-Mahmoudiya’s agricultural sector presents a strategic opportunity to develop irrigation practices. By introducing modern irrigation technologies, water loss can be minimized, and the utilization of available water resources can be optimized, thereby enhancing and sustaining agricultural productivity.
تهتم الدراسة بالخصائص الكمية المتمثلة بالتركيب النوعي والعمري للسكان الاميين في محافظة بغداد على مستوى قضاء وحسب تعداد عام 1997، ومسح الامن الغذائي والهشاشة للأسرة في العراق لعام 2016، فضلا عن احصائيات الجهاز التنفيذي لمحو الامية لعام 2019، وقد اعتمدت الدراسة على السكان الاميين من عمر عشر سنوات فأكثر وعلى الفئات العمرية العشرية، اوضحت الدراسة بأن نسبة النوع للسكان الاميين للأعوام الثلاثة قد جاءت منخفضة على
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تعد الموضوعية القاسم المشترك بين صفات وعناصر الخبر الصحفي الذي يوصف بأم الفنون الصحفية , فعندما يكون هناك شكا في صحة المعلومات الواردة في الصحافة سواء كانت مقروءة او مسموعة او مرئية فأن ذلك يعني خللا في الموضوعية , وعندما يكون هناك استخدام غير صحيح ومقصود للكلمات بهدف التأثير على القراء فأن ذلك يعني الابتعاد عن الموضوعية فهي عنصر ضروري في نجاح المؤسسة الاعلامية ونجاح مادتها التحريرية . ولكن تفسير ت
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طخارستان من المدن الواقعة في أعلى مجرى نهر جيحون (أموداريا) وهي محافظة (طخار) الحالية في أفغانستان ، كان لموقعها الستراتيجي أهمية كبيرة أنعكس على جوانبها السياسية ، والأجتماعية ، والأقتصادية . ومن المفترض أن المدينة شهدت صراعات وأحداث سياسية عدة قبل الفتح الأسلامي وبعده أنعكست هذه الصراعات والأحداث على جوانبها الأجتماعية ، والتي ركزنا فيها على العناصر السكانية لمدينة طخارستان ، وعلى تنوعها الديني وا
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The ability of beans (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) to uptake three pharmaceuticals (diclofenac, mefenamic acid and metronidazole) from two types of soil (clay and sandy soil) was investigated in this study to explore the human exposure to these pharmaceuticals via the consumption of beans. A pot experiment was conducted with beans plants which were grown in two types of soil for six weeks under controlled conditions. During the experiment period, the soil pore water was collected weekly and the concentrations of the test compounds in soil pore water as well as in plant organs (roots, stems and leaves) were weekly determined.
The results showed that the studied pharmaceuticals were detected in all plant tissues; their concentration
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Sustainable development is longer that meet the needs of the present generation without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs as it seeks to harmonize economic, social, Why research aims to check the availability of a proposed program takes into account the evidence and scrutiny of financial commitment and performance audit in accordance with the dimensions of sustainable development (economic, environmental, social and institutional) to measure the extent of the province on the needs of current and future generations, The problem with research that there is no audit program ensures the audit of financial statements, commitment and performance of health services in order to achieve sustainable development
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The past decades have witnessed a development in the concept of corporate governance and the transformation of a concept that is limited to large companies listed in capital markets in major economies to an issue that concerns all business activities in the public and private sectors in both large and small countries. The aim of this research is to propose a guide to the mechanisms and rules of governance in the municipal institutions that contributes to the activation of the internal control system to reduce the fraud and manipulation of this activity. Institutions. The research was based on the hypothesis that the implementation of the principles and rules of governance in municipal institutions lead to the contribution of the activati
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Tax state institution regards as one of the largest state institutions implementing the tax rules issuing be legislative body and achieving the goals of tax (financial, economic, social and political). So, the tax management should pay attention to the procedures enabling it to achieve those rules starting from the procedures of tax restrict and ending by tax allocation where the process of assessment the taxation must relaxing on modern methods. The problem of the study raising from that in spite of there is a low obliging the taxable person (registered or not) to submit a declaration about his income and the achieved profit to be the base of taxation˒ where the other ways are secondary ways helping in rejection of t
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الخلاصة
ة ө تخدام عدس ө ي باس ө اذف الكترون ө میم ق ө وب لتص ө تخدام الحاس ө ة باس ө ة نظری ө تم في ھذا البحث اجراء دراس
مغمورة ثنائیة الاقطاب لحالة التكبیر المحدد مع الاخذ بنظر الاعتبار تاثیرات شحنة الفراغ على تصمیم القاذف.
ن ө وري م ө د المح ө تم التوصل لاختیار الشكل المناسب لاقطاب ھذه العدسة من خلال دراسة توزیع الجھ
ة ө ل معادل ө ن ح ө وم (Finite element methode) ةө ر المتناھی ө ة العناص ө تخدام طریق ө حل معادلة بوزان و
Este breve estudio expone algunas erratas gramaticales y semánticas en dos versiones árabes de la novela El amor en los tiempos de cólera del gran novelista colombiano Gabriel García Márquez, las dos versiones árabes son: la versión 1 (por el traductor Saleh Almani) y la versión 2 (por el traductor Ahmed Magdi). Identifica estas erratas explicando cada caso de ambas versiones. Además determinar la versión más aceptable y satisfactoria