The proposed design of neural network in this article is based on new accurate approach for training by unconstrained optimization, especially update quasi-Newton methods are perhaps the most popular general-purpose algorithms. A limited memory BFGS algorithm is presented for solving large-scale symmetric nonlinear equations, where a line search technique without derivative information is used. On each iteration, the updated approximations of Hessian matrix satisfy the quasi-Newton form, which traditionally served as the basis for quasi-Newton methods. On the basis of the quadratic model used in this article, we add a new update of quasi-Newton form. One innovative features of this form's is its ability to estimate the energy functio

Association rules mining (ARM) is a fundamental and widely used data mining technique to achieve useful information about data. The traditional ARM algorithms are degrading computation efficiency by mining too many association rules which are not appropriate for a given user. Recent research in (ARM) is investigating the use of metaheuristic algorithms which are looking for only a subset of high-quality rules. In this paper, a modified discrete cuckoo search algorithm for association rules mining DCS-ARM is proposed for this purpose. The effectiveness of our algorithm is tested against a set of well-known transactional databases. Results indicate that the proposed algorithm outperforms the existing metaheuristic methods.

The Internet is providing vital communications between millions of individuals. It is also more and more utilized as one of the commerce tools; thus, security is of high importance for securing communications and protecting vital information. Cryptography algorithms are essential in the field of security. Brute force attacks are the major Data Encryption Standard attacks. This is the main reason that warranted the need to use the improved structure of the Data Encryption Standard algorithm. This paper proposes a new, improved structure for Data Encryption Standard to make it secure and immune to attacks. The improved structure of Data Encryption Standard was accomplished using standard Data Encryption Standard with a new way of two key gene

Most heuristic search method's performances are dependent on parameter choices. These parameter settings govern how new candidate solutions are generated and then applied by the algorithm. They essentially play a key role in determining the quality of the solution obtained and the efficiency of the search. Their fine-tuning techniques are still an on-going research area. Differential Evolution (DE) algorithm is a very powerful optimization method and has become popular in many fields. Based on the prolonged research work on DE, it is now arguably one of the most outstanding stochastic optimization algorithms for real-parameter optimization. One reason for its popularity is its widely appreciated property of having only a small number of par

The exchange rate is the backbone of  any economy in the world, whether  developed or developing, where most countries adopted  many policies, in order to ensure the stability of the exchange rate of the currency, because of its importance as a link between the local economy and the others ,And it contribute in the achievement of internal and external balance and despite the many different factors that affect it, but there is wide consensus on the effectiveness of the role of spending and the currency window in the exchange rate of the Iraqi dinar, especially in the Iraqi economy, effectiveness As the increase in government spending lead to an increase in the supply of money and increase domestic demand and high pr

تعد مجالات الصورة وعلاماتها الحركية حضوراً دلالياً للاتصال العلامي واتساعاً في الرابطة الجدلية ما بين الدوال ومداليها، التي تقوم بها الرؤية الاخراجية لإنتاج دلالات اخفائية تمتلك جوهرها الانتقالي عبر الافكار بوصفها معطيات العرض، ويسعى التشفير الصوري الى بث ثنائية المعنى داخل الحقول المتعددة للعرض المسرحي، ولفهم المعنى المنبثق من هذه التشفيرات البصرية، تولدت الحاجة لبحث تشكيل هذه التشفيرات وكيفية تح

Many image processing and machine learning applications require sufficient image feature selection and representation. This can be achieved by imitating human ability to process visual information. One such ability is that human eyes are much more sensitive to changes in the intensity (luminance) than the color information. In this paper, we present how to exploit luminance information, organized in a pyramid structure, to transfer properties between two images. Two applications are presented to demonstrate the results of using luminance channel in the similarity metric of two images. These are image generation; where a target image is to be generated from a source one, and image colorization; where color information is to be browsed from o

The study discusses the marketing profile of electoral candidates and politicians especially the image that takes root in the minds of voters has become more important than the ideologies in the technological era or their party affiliations and voters are no longer paying attention to the concepts of a liberal, conservative, right-wing or secular, etc. while their interests have increased towards candidates. The consultants and image experts are able to make a dramatic shift in their electoral roles. They, as specialists in the electoral arena, dominate the roles of political parties.
The importance of the study comes from the fact that the image exceeds its normal framework in our contemporary world to become political and cultural

In this paper, membrane-based computing image segmentation, both region-based and edge-based, is proposed for medical images that involve two types of neighborhood relations between pixels. These neighborhood relations—namely, 4-adjacency and 8-adjacency of a membrane computing approach—construct a family of tissue-like P systems for segmenting actual 2D medical images in a constant number of steps; the two types of adjacency were compared using different hardware platforms. The process involves the generation of membrane-based segmentation rules for 2D medical images. The rules are written in the P-Lingua format and appended to the input image for visualization. The findings show that the neighborhood relations between pixels o