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Electron density spectroscopic measurement in Al laser induced plasma
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Plasma generated by a 1064 nm pulsed Nd: YAG laser with pulse duration of 10 ns concentrated onto an Al solid target under vacuum pressure was examined spectroscopically. The temperature and electron density specifying the plasma were measured by time-resolved spectroscopy of neutral atom and ion line emissions in the time period range of 300–2000 ns. An echelle spectrograph is utilized to appear the plasma emission lines. The temperature was obtained using the spectral line comparison method and the electron density was calculated using the Stark Broadening (SB) method. The electron density was characterized as a function of laser pulse energy. The time range where the plasma is optically thin and is also in local thermodynamic equilibrium (LTE), significant for the laser-produced plasma (LPP) which was evaluated from the temporal profile of the intensity ratio of two Al I lines (λ1=380.581nm, 398.014nm, and 393.1996nm), (λ2= 586.781nm). It is found to be 700–1000 ns.

Publication Date
Tue Dec 30 2025
Journal Name
Acta Scientiarum Polonorum Administratio Locorum
The function of Feng Shui’s five elements in encouraging urban public space for social interaction. Case study: Al-Arabi and Al-Washash neighborhoods in the Al-Mansour district, Baghdad
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Motives: This study examines the integration of Feng Shui principles into urban public spaces to enhance social interaction, livability, and environmental harmony. The case study focuses on the Al-Arabi and Al-Washash neighbourhoods in Baghdad, exploring how spatial characteristics influence engagement and energy circulation (Qi) within the urban network. The motivation arises from deficiencies in connectivity, shading, greenery, and water features, which limit social and aesthetic vibrancy. Aim: The objectives are to evaluate spatial and social dynamics through the Feng Shui Public-Space Index (FS-PSI), Space Syntax analysis, and resident surveys, and to propose strategies using Feng Shui design proxies to improve energy flow, acce

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Publication Date
Sat Feb 02 2019
Journal Name
Journal Of The College Of Education For Women
Defining the Feature of Cold Wave (Al-Marba'aniyah) in Iraq: Defining the Feature of Cold Wave (Al-Marba'aniyah) in Iraq
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Abstract:
Al-Marba'aniyah, which is a long cold wave, was defined by ancient
Iraqis. It represents the coldest days in Iraq. In this research paper, a new
scale was put to define it. It shows that the period between the minimum
temperature degree recoded in December and the minimum temperature
degree recorded in January is considered to be the period of Al-Marba'aniyah.
The research concluded that Al-Marba'aniyah is unsteady and it changes in
the days of its occurrence. It was also concluded that the dates of the
beginning and the end of Al-Marba'aniyah are unsteady, too. Moreover, it was
found out that each of the Siberian high, European high, and finally the
subtropical high are the responsible systems for

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Publication Date
Mon Jun 30 2025
Journal Name
International Journal Of Sustainable Development And Planning
The Role of Sustainable Environmental Indicators in Urban Happiness: A Study of Al-Amir Neighborhood in Al-Najaf City, Iraq
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Publication Date
Sun Feb 03 2019
Journal Name
Journal Of The College Of Education For Women
Visions in the poetry of Yahiya Ibn Hakam AL- Chazali: Visions in the poetry of Yahiya Ibn Hakam AL- Chazali
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Conclusion and results
1. The research concluded through considering the rhetorical visions,
appropriate relationships between utterances with a language derived
from the reality of the social, religious, and, cultural life.
2. The poet compound between realism and the documentation of the
poetic structure, its depth, and the conjugation of its symbolic
metaphors, and also between its phonetic music and the right artistic
nature and the inanimate rules to take in consideration what Dr. Ahmad
Haikal concluded that the tried to com up with something better than
that of the previous generation, but he is still following their orbit, and
their trend method of poem building.
3. The realistic images visionary r

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Publication Date
Wed Jun 30 2021
Journal Name
College Of Islamic Sciences
Contradiction oppositon al ruwia and al fatwa and his impact in different jurists in personal status and transactions and adomment
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المقدمة

 الحمد لله رب العالمين، وأفضل السلام وأتم التسليم على سيدنا محمد، وعلى آله وصحبه، أجمعين، وعلى من تبعهم بإحسان إلى يوم الدين، أما بعد.

 فإن مسألة التعارض بين الرواية، والفتوى، من المسائل المشهورة عند الأصوليين والفقهاء،وهي من مباحث السنة عند الأصوليين، والتي تبنى عليها مسائل متعددة، وهي من أسباب اختلاف الفقهاء، فإذا ما روى أحد الرواة حديثاً معيناً، ثم عمل بخلاف ما روى، فللعل

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Publication Date
Wed Dec 01 2021
Journal Name
Iraqi Journal Of Physics
Evaluate the Distribution of Heavy Elements that Dissolved in Ground Water Using IDW in AL-Wafa City, Al-Ramadi,Iraq
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Groundwater can be assessed by studying water wells. This study was conducted in Al-Wafa District, Anbar Governorate, Iraq. The water samples were collected from 24 different wells in the study area, in January 2021. A laboratory examination of the samples was conducted. Geographical information systems technique was relied on to determine the values of polluting elements in the wells. The chemical elements that were measured were [cadmium, lead, cobalt and chromium]. The output of this research were planned to be spatial maps that show the distribution of the elements with respect to their concentrations. The results show a variation in the heavy elements concentrations at the studied area groundwater. The samples show different values

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Publication Date
Thu Jun 29 2017
Journal Name
College Of Islamic Sciences
Opinions of Abu Bakr Muhammad bin Al-Fadl Al-Bukhari Al-Hanafi (d. 381 AH): In acts of worship: the books of fasting and Hajj
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In The Name of Allah Most Gracious Most Merciful

Scholars, past and present, have paid attention to the books of Fasting and Hajj, and they have compiled literature on that, and they have written treatises and researches. The best days, and as for the pilgrimage, it is one of the great pillars of Islam, which God Almighty has distinguished by making its rituals in the best of places, which is the Sacred House of God.

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Publication Date
Sun Sep 27 2020
Journal Name
Iraqi National Journal Of Nursing Specialties
Effectiveness of an Instructional Program Concerning Non-Pharmacological Guideline on Controlling Essential Hypertension among Patients at AL-Sader Hospital in AL-Najaf AL-Ashraf City
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Objective: The aims of present study to detect the effectiveness of instruction program of non-pharmacological guideline on blood pressure and laboratory test.

 

Methodology: A pre-experimental study was conducted in Al-Sader Teaching Hospital   from 8th of September 2019 to 25th of May 2020, in order to find out the effectiveness of instruction program concerning non-pharmacological guideline on controlling essential hypertension among patients. A non- probability (purposive sample) of 50 patients with essential hypertension is selected. Those patients are already diagnosed with Essential Hypertension

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Publication Date
Thu Dec 01 2011
Journal Name
Journal Of Engineering
DESIGN, CONSTRUCTION AND TESTING OF LOW SPEED WIND TUNNEL WITH ITS MEASUREMENT AND INSPECTION DEVICES
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A low speed open circuit wind tunnel has been designed, manufactured and constructed at the
Mechanical Engineering Department at Baghdad University - College of Engineering. The work is one of
the pioneer projects adapted by the R & D Office at the Iraqi MOHESR. The present paper describes the
first part of the work; that is the design calculations, simulation and construction. It will be followed by a
second part that describes testing and calibration of the tunnel. The proposed wind tunnel has a test
section with cross sectional area of (0.7 x 0.7 m2) and length of (1.5 m). The maximum speed is about (70
m/s) with empty test section. The contraction ratio is (8.16). Three screens are used to minimize flow
distu

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Publication Date
Sun Jan 13 2019
Journal Name
Iraqi Journal Of Physics
Measurement of background radiation, cosmic ray flux and their hazard parameter of Baghdad city districts
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The aim of this work was directed to measure the cosmic ray (CR)
flux and the background (BG) absorbed dose rate for districts of
Baghdad city. The maximum values of CR flux was 2.01
(particle/cm2.s) registered for several Baghdad districts and the
minimum was 0.403 (particle/cm2.s) belonging to Al-kadhimiya
district, whereas the overall average value was 1.24 (particle/cm2.s).
The BG measurements showed that the maximum absorbed dose was
25 nSv/h belonging to Noab AL-Dhbat district and the minimum
absorbed was 19.01 nSv/h observed in Al-Ghadeer district, while
the overall average was 22.56 nSv/h, and this value is small than the
Iraqi permissible limit, which is restricted by Iraqi Center of
Radiation Pr

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