Soaking dentures with disinfection solutions is an effective way of keeping dentures in a healthy status; however, immersions in these solutions have a negative effect on the bond strength of denture base and denture teeth. The aim of this study was to evaluate the bond strength between denture acrylic teeth and heat-cured Poly (methyl methacrylate) denture base material (with and without nano silica) after disinfection with different chemical disinfectants for a simulated period of six months. One hundred specimens of maxillary central incisors attached to PMMA were divided into two groups; 50 specimens of PMMA without nano silica and 50 specimens of PMMA reinforced with 5 wt% of nano silica. Specimens of each group were immersed in five immersion solutions (n=10): distal water (control), Fittydent® cleansing tablets, 4% chlorohexidine, 1% sodium hypochlorite and Dettol personal care solution. Bond strength were carried out in a universal testing machine with crosshead speed of 0.5 mm/min. Data analysis was done using independent sample t-test, one-way ANOVA and Tukey’s HSD post hoc test. Results showed that bond strength increased significantly in nano silica groups compared to groups without nano silica. Bond strength decreased in all immersion groups, for both groups of PMMA, but the Dettol group showed the least significant decrease (P>0.05). Reinforcing PMMA denture base with nano silica increased the bond strength with acrylic teeth. Denture tablets, chlorohexidine and sodium hypochlorite decreased the bond strength significantly, while Dettol personal care solution did not significantly reduce bond strength.
Abstract. Nano-continuous mappings have a wide range of applications in pure and applied sciences. This paper aims to study and investigate new types of mappings, namely nano-para-compact, completely nano-regular, nano-para-perfect, and countably nano-para-perfect mappings in nano-topological spaces using nano-open sets. We introduce several properties and basic characterizations related to these mappings, which are essential for proving our main results. Additionally, we discuss the relationships among these types of mappings in nano-topological spaces. We also introduce the concept of nano-Ti-mapping, where i = 0, 1, 2, nano-neighborhood separated, and nano-functionally separated, along with various other definitions. We explore the relat
... Show MoreAbstract. The purpose of this work is to introduce and investigate new concepts of mappings namely nano paracompactmappings, nano locally limited, nano h-locally limited and finally nano-perfect in nano topology by using nano-closed sets. As well as, the relation between these concepts of mappings have been study in nano topology. Additionally, the nano topology groups of the types and advances results which are introduces in this work are very vital. We also presented the type of nano Lindeloff mappings, and the relations of them was introduce and discussed with several characteristics related it. Nano morphism also introduce.
Haruki Murakami (1949-present) is a contemporary Japanese writer whose works have been translated into fifty languages and won him plenty of Japanese and international awards. His short stories are well constructed in a weird realistic manner and are mixed with elements of surrealism. His novels and short stories fall under the genre of magical realism. One of the major revolving themes that Murakami wrote about was the haunting feeling of emptiness and disconnectedness in a world which seems to care much for materialism and self-interests.
The paper explores two of Murakami’s short stories in his book After the Quake (2000) and the relevance of their themes and characters to Iraq after the q
... Show MoreA field experiment was carried out at the research station of the College of Agriculture - Wasit University / Kut, during the fall season 2021 in soil with texture (sandy mixture) using the RCBD design in the arrangement of splintered plates and with three replications, to study the effect of spraying different combinations of organic emulsion (Appetizer) and NPK nano fertilizer with urea fertilizer on the growth of synthetic cultivars of yellow corn. The main panels included three synthetic varieties of yellow corn (Fajr1, Sumer and Baghdad3), which symbolized by (V1,V2,V3) in sequence, while the secondary panels included five fertilization treatments in which mineral fertilizer (urea) was used 46% nitrogen with the full recomme
... Show MoreTwo-dimensional crystal has been achieved and controlled
with the aid of DC electric field applied between two electrodes at 5
millimeters separating distance between them. Sol-gel method has
been used to prepared nanosilica particle which used in this work as
well as TiO2 nanopaowder. The assembly of the silica particles is
due to the interaction between the electrical force, the particles
dipole, and the interaction between the particles themselves. When a
DC voltage is applied, the particles accumulated and crystallized on
the surface between the electrodes. The Light diffraction
demonstrates that the hexagonal crystal is always oriented with one
axis along the direction of the field. The particles disass
In this study, nano TiO2 was prepared with titanium isopropoxide (TTIP) as a resource to titanium oxide. The catalyst was synthesized using phosphotungstic acid (PTA) and, stearyl trimethyl ammonium bromide (STAB) was used as the structure-directing material. Characterization of the product was done by the X-ray diffraction (XRD), X-ray fluorescent spectroscopy (XRF), nitrogen adsorption/desorption measurements, Atomic Force Microscope (AFM) and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectra, were used to characterize the calcined TiO2 nanoparticles by STAB and PWA. The TiO2 nanomaterials were prepared in three crystalline forms (amorphous, anatase, anatase-rutile). The results showed that the nanoparticles of anatase TiO2 have good cata
... Show MoreIn this study, nano TiO2 was prepared with titanium isopropoxide (TTIP) as a resource to titanium oxide. The catalyst was synthesized using phosphotungstic acid (PTA) and, stearyl trimethyl ammonium bromide (STAB) was used as the structure-directing material. Characterization of the product was done by the X-ray diffraction (XRD), X-ray fluorescent spectroscopy (XRF), nitrogen adsorption/desorption measurements, Atomic Force Microscope (AFM) and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectra, were used to characterize the calcined TiO2 nanoparticles by STAB and PWA. The TiO2 nanomaterials were prepared in three crystalline forms (amorphous, anatase, anatase-rutile). The results showed that the
... Show More