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Enhancing neuro-ophthalmic surgical education: The role of neuroanatomy and 3D digital technologies – An overview
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Background:

Neuro-ophthalmology, bridging neurology and ophthalmology, highlights the nervous system’s crucial role in vision, encompassing afferent and efferent pathways. The evolution of this field has emphasized the importance of neuroanatomy for precise surgical interventions, presenting educational challenges in blending complex anatomical knowledge with surgical skills. This review examines the interplay between neuroanatomy and surgical practices in neuro-ophthalmology, aiming to identify educational gaps and suggest improvements.

Methods:

A literature search across databases such as PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science was conducted, focusing on the implications of neuroanatomy in neuro-ophthalmic surgery education and practice. The review synthesizes insights from both recent and foundational studies to highlight current understandings and future research directions, particularly in educational approaches.

Results:

Findings indicate that 3D digital modeling and virtual reality have significantly enhanced neuroophthalmic surgical education by providing immersive and engaging learning experiences. For instance, detailed 3D brain atlases offer comprehensive resources for understanding the central nervous system’s normal and pathological states. Although studies show that 3D and traditional 2D methods achieve similar post-test results, 3D methods notably improve engagement and motivation, suggesting a shift toward more interactive learning environments.

Conclusion:

Integrating both traditional and innovative educational tools is crucial for the progression of neuro-ophthalmic surgical training. This balance helps overcome educational hurdles and better prepare future surgeons. Continuous research and collaboration are essential to refine educational strategies, ultimately aiming to enhance patient care in neuro-ophthalmology.

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Publication Date
Sun Feb 03 2019
Journal Name
Journal Of Accounting And Financial Studies ( Jafs )
The Role of Developmental loans in Developing Wheat and Barley Crops In Iraq for the Period ( 2006 – 2012)
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The present paper attempts to find out the role of developmental loans in promoting strategic crops especially the basis stemming from the problem of non - defining economic feasibility study and the negative or positive revenues of developmental loans, directed to Iraqi Agricultural sector in general and Basic strategic crops in particular which resulted in the difficulty of planning and future prediction to grant loans agriculturally directed in terms of quality and quantity and the arbitrary of distributing these loans .the strategic crops have been selected as sample of population where the sample of Basic strategic crops include wheat and barley .The paper has come to several of conclusions mainly are as follows :- the increase in n

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Crossref
Publication Date
Thu Nov 01 2018
Journal Name
Journal Of Economics And Administrative Sciences
Transer towards economic substance over the legal form and its role in improving the quality of financial reporting.
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The follower of the needs of the users of accounting information notices the necessity of adopting faithful representation of information Hence, IASB adopted the economic substance approach as the basis for the Formulation and development of international accounting standards Therefore, this research discusses the reflection of the economic phenomenon in terms of its economic substance on the subject of measurement , And it should be consistent measurement method where the problem of research is concentrated in the fact that the economic units operating in the local environment to address events and economic phenomena according to the legal form , as appropriate With the requirements of the unified accounting sys

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Crossref
Publication Date
Sat Oct 11 2025
Journal Name
Journal Of Baghdad College Of Dentistry
An Evaluation of the Solubility of Four Endodontic Sealers in Different Solvents (An In Vitro Study)
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Background: Complete removal of filling material from the root canal is an essential requirement for endodontic retreatment. The purpose of the present study is to evaluate and compare the dissolving capabilities of various solvents (Xylene, Eugenate Desobturator, Eucalyptol, EDTA and Distilled water (as a control)) on four different types of sealer (Endofill, Apexit Plus, AH Plus and EndoSequence bioceramic sealer). Materials and method: Eighty samples of each sealer were prepared according to the manufacturers' instructions and then divided into ten groups (of 8 samples) for immersion in the respective solvents for 2 and 5 min immersion periods. Each sealer specimen was weighed to obtain its initial mass. The specimens were immersed in

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Publication Date
Tue Jan 01 2013
Journal Name
Asian Journal Of Management Research
The influence of human resources management practices, and government’s role in the organizational performance of small businesses in Malaysia
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This study tries to examine a model involving human resources management practices, employees’ outcomes, governmental support, and organizational performance of small businesses in Malaysia. It was hypothesized that HRM practices will be positively related to the organizational performance (financial and operational), and that employees’ outcomes would serve as a mediator in the relationship between HRM practices and performance. Also it was hypothesized that the governmental support will be positively related to organizational performance. The statistical results on data gathered from a sample of 265 small manufacturing businesses will demonstrate the nature of relationships among the study variables. Theoretical and practical

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Publication Date
Sun Jan 01 2023
Journal Name
International Journal Of Economics And Finance Studies
THE EFFECTS OF NEGATIVE AUDIT AND AUDIT ENVIRONMENT ON THE INTERNAL AUDITOR PERFORMANCE: MEDIATING ROLE OF AUDITING PROCESS INDEPENDENCE
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Scopus (22)
Scopus
Publication Date
Sun Jun 01 2008
Journal Name
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The role of annealing temperature on the optical energy gap and Urbach energy of Se:2%Sb thin films
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The optical energy gap(Eopt) and the width of the tails of localized states in the band gap (?E) for Se:2%Sb thin films prepared by thermal co-evaporation method as a function of annealing temperature are studied in the photon energy range ( 1 to 5.4)eV.Se2%Sb film was found to be indirect transition with energy gap of (1.973,2.077, 2.096, 2.17) eV at annealing temperature (295,370,445,520)K respectively. The Eopt and ?E of Se:2%Sb films as a function of annealing temperature showed an increase in Eopt and a decrease in ?E with increasing the annealing temperature. This behavior may be related to structural defects and dangling bonds.

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Crossref
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Mon Jan 29 2024
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Abstract The results of isolation, morphological and microscopic diagnosis, Chromic Agar, Vitik technology and Bact Alert showed that the diagnosis of fungi isolated from blood samples of end-stage renal patients who did not undergo dialysis and those who underwent dialysis was 60 samples for each type. The total number of fungal isolates isolated from people who did not undergo dialysis was 26 pathogenic fungal isolates, with a percentage frequency of 43.33%. In this study, 4 genera of pathogenic fungi were identified: Candida spp, Rhodotorula spp, Cryptococcus spp. and Aspergillus spp. The number of Candida isolates reached 13 isolates, with a frequency of 50%. The results also showed that the diagnosed species from the genus Rhodotorula

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Publication Date
Wed Apr 01 2015
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Public expenditures transferring and its role in the redistribution of income with particular reference to the experiences of elected
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Crossref
Publication Date
Mon Jul 31 2017
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The Role of Patnership Approuch in Facilitating Housing in Iraq
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