Hedging is a linguistic phenomenon used to convey interpersonal messages in spoken interaction. It is a communicative strategy which enables speakers to soften the force of utterances or moderate the assertive force of  utterances. It is resulted from different features such as uncertainty, doubt, tentativeness, ambiguity, neutrality, mitigation, and subjectivity. Hedging is used widely in  TV debates to make utterances more acceptable to the interlocutors. Hedges are expressions used to communicate the speaker's  weak commitment to information conveyed. The utterances in debates are often hedged because in an unhedged form  might sound threatening to the addressees, and, therefore, be likely to be rejected.

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s The study aims to identify the fairness in the distribution of municipal services between  municipal districts and areas, from point of view  of municipal chamber staff and from the point of view of the citizen. It also aims to identify factors affecting the fairness of the distribution of municipal services. Municipal services were being studied : hygiene and waste, water supply, sewer, creating gardens,  and street paving .Factors which  examined its impact on municipal services are: resources available to municipal chamber, the managerial  process at municipal chamber,  and factors in the external environment surrounding  municipal chamber.The results of the study showed that level of the e

        Job stress is considered one of the most important obstacles that may appear in the work field. In order to deal with the obstacles and challenges , the idea to deal with job stress has come to address job stress as one of the most important trends that enable organizations to face those challenges through focusing on the role of job stress and the organizational climate of the organization.

       The research deals with two variables: the job stress as an independent variable, and the organizational climate as a dependent one. Each variable includes five sub-dimensions. These dimensions have been involved in an interaction to form

      The present study deals with the strategies used in the Arabic translations of the most popular genres of children’s literature; namely fairy tales and fables as an attempt to identify the best methods and strategies to be adopted in translating these genres to fulfill the ultimate purpose of enriching the children’s knowledge in addition to attracting their interest and arousing the joy sought for in every piece of literature.

The study sets off from three dominating trends: the first calls for the adoption of domestication strategy of translation as the most appropriate and effective strategy in translation for children. In the same line, the second opposes using the foreignization strategy, w

       In the current work, aromatic amines and alkyl halides have been converted to the corresponding azides 2a‒d and 4a-d by the reaction with sodium nitrite and sodium azide respectively for amines and sodium azide for halides. Then, dipropargyl ether derivative of D-mannose 8 has been synthesized from diacetone mannose that has been obtained by the treatment of D-mannose (5) with dry acetone in the presence of sulfuric acid. Then, aldol condensation has been used to prepare diol 7 from the mannose diacetonide 6. The reaction of compound 7 with propargyl bromide in alkaline media has been afforded dipropargyl

This research sheds light on an important topic related to the understanding of the Qur’anic expressions and how to deal with them in relation to their meanings and connotations intended by God Almighty and the concept of the term strange among the ancients. Its glossaries, such as earth, sun, air, etc., and the other have vague meanings that require careful consideration and scrutiny in order to reach the exact meanings that God Almighty wanted.

Research targeted availability of moral anxiety among secondary school students. The research sample consisted of 500 students from the (fifth grade secondary school) scientific and literary branches.
The researcher prepared a measure of moral anxiety which is in its final form of (36) items. The researcher analyzed the data statistically, significant results showed that the sample of the research they have a moral anxiety .
From these results the researcher came up with a number of recommendations and proposals.

Abstract:

      Talk about bad social life in all aspects and symbols performed poetry, is a modern conductor when the poet Al Basti, the potential depth vision of life, and his psychological balance, especially in the field of relationship, or dealing with others and related relations of manifestations of lattice, which broadcast the poet his emotions direct expression method of formulating a painting and landscape the tale, revealed with its experience in tackling the Al Basti and confront the cons community through display, and here you can glimpse the human journey Life, the discovery of life on a journey replete with events

The six names are names developed by grammarians, so some of them counted them as six, which are (your father, your brother, your father-in-law, Hanuk, Fuk, and Dhu). The Arabs, as explained by Sibawayh and the linguists after him, when this name was contrary to the conditions of grammar, and what we follow in the rules of these words is that they are expressed in letters that linguists call (vowels), while phonologists call them (long vowels), which are (alif, waw, Walia).

اهمية البحث والحاجة اليه

      لم تعد التربية في الوقت الحاضر اعتباطا وتخبطا ، أنها علم وفن ، نظر وعمل ، اجتهاد وتطبيق ، اختصاص وابتكار والمربي ، أبا ، إما أو معلما أو زعيما أو مصلحا اجتماعيا ، أصبح بحاجة ماسة للاطلاع على التربية وفكرها التربوي والتعمق في أساليبها ووسائلها ( عاقل ، 1978 ،ص 3 ) .

    إن بناء المجتمع أو التربية ،لايمكن إن يكون لهوا ولعبا ، والحق إن بن