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Predicting changes on budget expenditures using Markov chains with practical application
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The researchers have a special interest in studying  Markov  chains as one of the probability samples which has many applications in different fields. This study comes to deal with the changes issue that happen on budget expenditures by using statistical methods, and Markov chains is the best expression about that as they are regarded reliable  samples in the prediction process. A transitional matrix is built for three expenditure cases (increase ,decrease ,stability) for one of budget expenditure items (base salary) for three directorates (Baghdad ,Nineveh , Diyala) of one  of the ministries. Results are analyzed by applying  Maximum likelihood estimation  and Ordinary least squares  methods resulting a stable  transitional probability matrix and predicting each studied case  and any behavior may take  in the future.

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Publication Date
Sun Jun 26 2022
Journal Name
جامعة بغداد/ كلية التربية للعلوم الصرفة - ابن الهيثم
برنامج تدريبي قائم على دمج مهارات التفكير المستقبلي مع أنماط التفاعل الصفي وأثره على الكفاءة الذاتية الأكاديمية لمدرسي الرياضيات ومهارات الحل الإبداعي لطلبتهم
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Publication Date
Sat Jul 01 2023
Journal Name
Journal Of Engineering
Material Selection for Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) Wings Using Ashby Indices Integrated with Grey Relation Analysis Approach Based on Weighted Entropy for Ranking
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The designer must find the optimum match between the object's technical and economic needs and the performance and production requirements of the various material options when choosing material for an engineering application. This study proposes an integrated (hybrid) strategy for selecting the optimal material for an engineering design depending on design requirements. The primary objective is to determine the best candidate material for the drone wings based on Ashby's performance indices and then rank the result using a grey relational technique with the entropy weight method. Aluminum alloys, titanium alloys, composites, and wood have been suggested as suitable materials for manufacturing drone wings. The requirement

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Publication Date
Sun Dec 01 2019
Journal Name
Restaurant Business
The role of using fair value on relevance and representation faithfulness of accounting information in accordance with the common conceptual framework (FASB-IASB)
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The global trend towards the use of fair value accounting is increasing, so the current study aimed to maximize the impact of fair value application on achieving relevance and representation faithfulness of accounting information in accordance with the common conceptual framework. To achieve the objective of this study, the researcher has determined in the theoretical framework the relationship of fair value with the characteristics of relevance and representation faithfulness of accounting information and the extent of achieving these characteristics, as well as conducting a field study by preparing a questionnaire distributed to a sample of academics (50) and auditors (50) with a total number of selected participants (100) of acad

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Publication Date
Mon Aug 03 2020
Journal Name
Journal Of Accounting And Financial Studies ( Jafs )
أثر تطبيق الضريبة الانتقائية على السجائر في زيادة الحصيلة الضريبية: The effect of applying the selective tax on cigarettes on increasing the tax revenue
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The increasing rates of consumption of cigarettes harmful, to health in the world in general, and in Iraq in particular, and because of the costs borne by individuals, and the state as a result of addressing its damage, as well as Iraq's commitment, to international conventions against cigarettes, and demands of the World Health Organization, to raise prices to reduce consumption. Therefore, the tax Selectivity is one of the most important ways of regulating the consumption of this commodity on the one hand and increasing the tax revenue on the other. The research aims to shed light on the issue of selective tax on cigarettes and the impact of their application in increasing tax revenues and identify the effectiveness of the application

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Publication Date
Fri Jul 01 2016
Journal Name
Journal Of Economics And Administrative Sciences
Entrepreneurial performance in accordance with the competitive intelligence and strategic
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 The research aims to study the entrepreneurial performance of the banks, according to the intelligence of competitive and strategic as the entrepreneurial performance is the one who does not stand the benefits of excellence in accomplished when just achieving the bank's objectives planned, but exceed it down to creativity in accomplishing these goals in a manner leads to making a entrepreneurial bank in the markets and the focus the eyes of competitors and the banks and other Following his example.

Was chosen the subject of research and strategic intelligence and competitive because of its impact on the strategic success of the banking sector, the fact is the entrepreneurial in the Iraqi banking mar

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Publication Date
Tue Dec 01 2020
Journal Name
Baghdad Science Journal
A Competitive Study Using UV and Ozone with H2O2 in Treatment of Oily Wastewater
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          In this study, ultraviolet (UV), ozone techniques with hydrogen peroxide oxidant were used to treat the wastewater which is produced from South Baghdad Power Station using lab-scale system. From UV-H2O2 experiments, it was shown that the optimum exposure time was 80 min. At this time, the highest removal percentages of oil, COD, and TOC were 84.69 %, 56.33 % and 50 % respectively. Effect of pH on the contaminants removing was studied in the range of (2-12). The best oil, COD, and TOC removal percentages (69.38 %, 70 % and 52 %) using H2O2/UV were at pH=12. H2O2/ozone experiments exhibited better performance compared to

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Publication Date
Mon May 23 2016
Journal Name
Iraqi Journal Of Market Research And Consumer Protection
Iraqi Pharmaceutical Formula for Clonazepam Oral Drop 2.5 mg/ ml to Treat Seizure Epilepsy in Infants and Children with its Stability Study.: Iraqi Pharmaceutical Formula for Clonazepam Oral Drop 2.5 mg/ ml to Treat Seizure Epilepsy in Infants and Children with its Stability Study.
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This work has been carried out to develop national drug product contains 2.5mg/ml clonazepam as oral drop; it is used for the treatment of epilepsy in infants and children.
Several formulations were prepared using oral drop base, flavor, buffer, sweeteners and preservatives. Selection of best formula relied solely on physic-chemical testing of samples.
Stability study was conducted on the product for six months at different temperatures to determine the expiration date and the best storage conditions.
From the study we obtained an oral drop of good clear solution. The expiry date calculated to be not less than 2 years.

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Publication Date
Sun Mar 12 2017
Journal Name
Al-academy
Globalization impact on interior space identity of cafes Baghdadi
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Appeared in the light of globalization growing convergence of the distances between the countries in world, this convergence is causing mixing of cultures to become culture is a universal one culture, There are positives and negatives of this mixing and mingling of cultures, consider Loss of cultural identity is one of the biggest negatives the Arab cultural infrastructure in general and Iraq in special. In addition consider subject to not keep the cultural identity is the most important Arab issues and dangerous to our Arab identity in various fields, including design and architecture, highlights here the subject of research on the impact of globalization on the identity of the interior spaces, cafés of Baghdadi, one of the historical

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Publication Date
Mon May 16 2016
Journal Name
Far East Journal Of Mathematical Sciences (fjms)
MINIMIZING WAITING TIMES USING MULTIPLE FUZZY QUEUEING MODEL WITH SUPPLY PRIORITIES
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Publication Date
Tue Jun 01 2021
Journal Name
Periodicals Of Engineering And Natural Sciences
Steganography using dual tree complex wavelet transform with LSB indicator technique
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Image steganography is undoubtedly significant in the field of secure multimedia communication. The undetectability and high payload capacity are two of the important characteristics of any form of steganography. In this paper, the level of image security is improved by combining the steganography and cryptography techniques in order to produce the secured image. The proposed method depends on using LSBs as an indicator for hiding encrypted bits in dual tree complex wavelet coefficient DT-CWT. The cover image is divided into non overlapping blocks of size (3*3). After that, a Key is produced by extracting the center pixel (pc) from each block to encrypt each character in the secret text. The cover image is converted using DT-CWT, then the p

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