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Tax penalties and their effectiveness in reducing the creative accounting practices: An Empirical Study of the General Commission for Taxes
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The research aims to study and definition of the concept of creative accounting and motives adopted by the management of companies to achieve their own goals and their impact on the reliability of the financial statements and the tax settling accounts and whether that tax administration is able to detect and limit the creative accounting practices and impose legal sanctions deterrent against companies The research has come to a set of conclusions, including:

  1. The administration motives in the use of creative accounting methods, some internal motives related to the interests of the administration in maximizing profits to increase incentives and rewards, others are external, such as the impact on stock prices or reduce the amount of tax calculated on the company for the purpose of tax evasion.
  2. The use of punishments stipulated by the Income Tax Act No. 113 of 1982 amended  As stated in the articles (58-59) helps companies reduce the practice of creative accounting methods and repeated in the future.

Recommended Find the need to develop a tax examination system to include we cause enough of the taxpayers and the discovery of irregularities and accountability in order to pay the holders of the permit complete information and the right for access they earn and the need to activate the prison sentence prescribed in the Income Tax Act under the penalties in charge of the right, which has proved the resurrection of the practices of fraud and fraud, as the impact is greater than the impact of financial penalties to be imposed on the taxpayer, as well as to curb such practices in the future.

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Publication Date
Wed Mar 01 2017
Journal Name
Journal Of Craniofacial Surgery
Lateral Ridge Splitting (Expansion) With Immediate Placement of Endosseous Dental Implant Using Piezoelectric Device
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Publication Date
Tue May 04 2021
Journal Name
Journal Of Tribology
Hardened Edges Effects on Wear Characteristics of Cultivator Sweeps Using Circular Soil Bin Test
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Abstract<p>Tillage tools are subject to friction and low-stress abrasive wear processes with the potential deterioration of the desired soil quality, loss of mechanical weed efficacy, and downtime for replacing worn tools. Limited experimental methods exist to quantify investigate the effect of wear-resistant coatings on shape parameters of soil-engaging tools. ASTM standard sand/rubber wheel abrasion and pin-on-disk tests are not able to simulate wear characteristics of the complex shape of the tillage tools. Even though the tribology of tillage tools can be realistic from field tests, tillage wear tests under field conditions are expensive and often challenging to generate repeatable engineeri</p> ... Show More
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Publication Date
Sat Mar 26 2022
Journal Name
Neuroquantology
Efficiency Evaluation of Optical System Includes Different Stop Apertures When Using Relative Moving Factor
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In this work, optical system with different aperture shapes (circular, square, elliptical and triangle aperture) has been used for efficiency evaluation when the system involved moving factor in ideal case (aberration free). The optical system evaluate far moving object, therefore the image forming at image plane due to point spread function (image formula of incoherently illuminated point object). A mathematical treatment has been used to getting results by Gaussian numerical calculations method. The results show priority of circular aperture when optical system that submits of moving factor.

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Publication Date
Sun Mar 17 2019
Journal Name
Baghdad Science Journal
Enhancement of Hydrothermally Co3O4 Thin Films as H2S Gas Sensor by Loading Yttrium Element
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The gas sensing properties of Co3O4 and Co3O4:Y nano structures were investigated. The films were synthesized using the hydrothermal method on a seeded layer. The XRD, SEM analysis and gas sensing properties were investigated for Co3O4 and Co3O4:Y thin films. XRD analysis shows that all films are polycrystalline in nature, having a cubic structure, and the crystallite size is (11.7)nm for cobalt oxide and (9.3)nm for the Co3O4:10%Y. The SEM analysis of thin films obviously indicates that Co3O4 possesses a nanosphere-like structure and a flower-like structure for Co3O4:Y.

The sen

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Publication Date
Wed Dec 25 2019
Journal Name
Journal Of Engineering
Corrosion Rate Optimization of Mild-Steel under Different Cooling Tower Working Parameters Using Taguchi Design
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This study investigates the implementation of Taguchi design in the estimation of minimum corrosion rate of mild-steel in cooling tower that uses saline solution of different concentration. The experiments were set on the basis of Taguchi’s L16 orthogonal array. The runs were carried out under different condition such as inlet concentration of saline solution, temperature, and flowrate. The Signal-to- Noise ratio and ANOVA analysis were used to define the impact of cooling tower working conditions on the corrosion rate. A regression had been modelled and optimized to identify the optimum level for the working parameters that had been founded to be 13%NaCl, 35ᴼC, and 1 l/min. Also a confirmation run to establish the p

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Publication Date
Thu Aug 01 2019
Journal Name
مجلة العلوم الاقتصادية والإدارية
Improving" Jackknife Instrumental Variable Estimation method" using A class of immun algorithm with practical application
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Improving" Jackknife Instrumental Variable Estimation method" using A class of immun algorithm with practical application

Publication Date
Thu Dec 31 2015
Journal Name
Al-khwarizmi Engineering Journal
Corrosion Effective of Condensed Synthetic Automotive Solution Containing Selective Organic Component Mixtures on Al-alloys
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Abstract

 This work involves studying the effect of adding some selective organic component mixture on corrosion behavior of pure Al and its alloys in condensed synthetic automotive solution (CSAS) at room temperature. This mixture indicates the increasing of octane number in previous study and in this study show the increasing in corrosion resistance through the decreasing in corrosion rate values.

Electrochemical measurements were carried out by potentiostat at 3 mV/sec to estimate the corrosion parameters using  Tafel extrapolation method, in addition to cyclic polarization test to know the pitting susceptibility of materials in tested medium.

The cathodic Tafel slope

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Publication Date
Sun Nov 01 2020
Journal Name
Journal Of Engineering
Nonlinear Finite Element Analysis of RCMD Beams with Large Circular Opening Strengthened with CFRP Material
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This paper presents the non-linear finite element method to study the behavior of four reinforced rectangular concrete MD beams with web circular openings tested under two-point load. The numerical finite elements methods have been used in a much more practical way to achieve approximate solutions for more complex problems.  The ABAQUS /CAE is chosen to explore the behavior of MD beams. This paper also studies, the effect of both size and shape of the circular apertures of MD beams. The strengthening technique that used in this paper is externally strengthening using CFRP around the opening in the MD beams. The numerical results were compared to the experimental results in terms of ultimate load failure and displace

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Publication Date
Mon Oct 07 2024
Journal Name
Semiconductor Science And Technology
A facile method of deriving solar selective nickel-cobalt oxide thin films via spraying process
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Abstract<p>The present study focuses on synthesizing solar selective absorber thin films, combining nanostructured, binary transition metal spinel features and a composite oxide of Co and Ni. Single-layered designs of crystalline spinel-type oxides using a facile, easy and relatively cost-effective wet chemical spray pyrolysis method were prepared with a crystalline structure of M<sub>x</sub>Co<sub>3−x</sub>O<sub>4</sub>. The role of the annealing temperature on the solar selective performance of nickel-cobalt oxide thin films (∼725 ± 20 nm thick) was investigated. XRD analysis confirmed the formation of high crystalline quality thin films with a crystallite si</p> ... Show More
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Publication Date
Sun Jun 01 2014
Journal Name
Journal Of Engineering
Finite Element Analysis of Reinforced Concrete T-Beams with Multiple Web Openings under Impact Loading
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