The investment budget represents a stage of the investment decision in service units, and the preparation and implementation needs to be a complement of the same planning part, because the planning does not end with the development of the plan, but includes a follow-up implementation, so it has to be effective and efficient oversight of the estimates and procedures for disbursement of funds approved for investment projects, The problem with research in that local governments suffer from the presence of Allkaat and problems facing the implementation of the investment budget projects due to the adoption budget items which can not be measured the efficiency of the performance of these units of government by, and shortcomings in the control procedures for investment projects from the other side, as well as the lack of treatment Local governments offenses installed in regulatory reports. The importance of this research of the importance of the role played by local governments and increasing the funds and projects managed by those governments in the implementation of the investment budget, which constitute a high proportion of the state budget allocations and the impact of such projects in the national economy the size of projects. The researcher sought to indicate the role and responsibility of external oversight bodies in monitoring the implementation of the investment budget for local governments projects so as to ensure the proper implementation of these projects, and to shed light on the state of confusion and lack of implementation of the investment budget for local governments and evaluate external oversight procedures on the process of implementation of those budget, and to study the possibility of the application of some mechanisms such as the application of auditing programs and submit periodic reports that lead to the lifting of the regulatory action to reduce the level of confusion and deficiencies in the work of local governments and reduce waste in public funds. Was based on research on assumptions integration of the work of foreign equipment and the use of effective monitoring and efficient in the implementation of the investment budget projects, and the commitment of local governments to address the observations and irregularities installed in regulatory reports help to improve the performance of those governments and reduce waste in public funds and contribute to the proper implementation of these projects and ensure usage Optimization of available resources and achieve economic and social development goals. The researcher reached a set of conclusions most important, the presence of investment financial plan based on scientific grounds will contribute well in achieving the goals and Todev funds for the purpose of the programs established, with the need for the availability of a number of necessary to measure the efficiency of the work of these programs are indicators, and the negative impact of the lack of attention to the reports prepared by regulators and weak accountability to the local government has led to complacency to provide answers and explanations necessary for those regulatory reporting procedures, and thus impacts on local government performance, and was the key recommendations, the need to adopt scientific bases studied in the development of the investment plan and determine the programs and objectives that a government unit seeks to achieve , with the need to develop the necessary performance measurement efficiency in the implementation of projects and programs of investment indicators, and the need for effective follow-up reports to regulators and take appropriate corrective action and to ensure non-recurrence of such violations in other projects.
phenomenon in the Arab women's contemporary literature, but it is rare in Iraqi women's
literature and falls short to the level of the phenomenon until now. Perhaps this is one of the
main reasons that caused the reluctance of researchers to study it, and this is probably the first
academic research in this field.
This research followed the discourse of Autobiography of women in Iraq, depending on the
two factors of charter and reference of the elements of Philippe Lejeune’s definition of the
genre of Autobiography, without focusing on narrative method, so it handled notes,
memories, diaries and biography of the other and counted all under the genre of the
Biography.
It came in three sections, the first follo
Abu Al-Ala Al-Ma’arri is a linguist and writer who showed his prowess in poetry, so he had poetry collections, including “The ulna fell,” which is one of the books that attracted the attention of scholars such as (Tabrizi, Al-Khwarizmi, Al-Bateliusi and Al-Zamakhshari) .
To explain his language in it, the investigators’ hands finally revealed an explanation of this book, which was the work of Abu Al-Ala Al-Ma’arri himself. Those who studied the Divan (The Zind) and its explanations or the character and language of Al-Ma’arri did not pay any attention to it. Therefore, I made this research a continuation of those efforts, using semantic research as a means of revealing Al-Maarri's ef
... Show MoreResearch and Development Programs Effectiveness in the Central Library of Baghdad University
The biological effects of pulsed N2-laser on the old world screw-worm fly, Chrysomya bezziana Villeneuve in the pupal stage were investigated. Different laser parameters were involved in this work. The old pupae of 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5 days were exposed to laser radiation during 10, 30 and 60 second with repetition rate 10, 20 and 30 pulse/second. The percent of normal adults emergence (female and male) was investigated. The results showed that the adults emergence was highly decreased as the repetition rate and exposure time increased when the pupae irradiated for 1, 2 and 3 days old as compared with 4 and 5 days. The results also indicated that the pupal period was significantly increased of irradiated pupae for 1, 2, 3 and 4 days old, whi
... Show MoreThe current research aims to identify the level of effective leadership practices dimensions (clear vision and specific goals, good planning and effective influence, and monitoring well as evaluation) among the senior leaders in the Office of the Iraqi Interior Ministry., The researchers adopted the descriptive analytical approach to collect data through the questionnaire as a main tool, developed by relying on international standards after making adjustments to its items consisting of (25) items that included the research variable, the questionnaire was distributed to all the research community (comprehensive inventory) by 120 forms from emplo
... Show MoreGrowth is a multifactorial process influenced by genetic, nutritional, hormonal, psychosocial and other factors including the general health of a child. Epilepsy defined as a chronic condition characterized by recurrent clinical events or epileptic seizures, which occur in the absence of a metabolic or toxic disease the drugs that use in the treatment of this condition can affect patients growth due to their mechanisms of action. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of some antiepileptic drugs on growth (height and weight) in children with epilepsy. This work involved 51 newly diagnosed children with a different form of epilepsy (Generalized, absent and partial). Patients divided into three groups according to the treatment (group one
... Show MoreRepresent the current study and tagged (the credibility of digital image and its reflection on the process of cognitive picture releases) scientific effort is designed to detect realizing press releases and the extent affected the credibility of the digital image by selecting the relationship between digital photo and the extent of their credibility on the one hand and between the process of cognition and Press Photo of the hand Other than the consequent establishment researcher collects materials to serve the scientific research topic in three chaptersCombine the first one methodological framework for the search of the research problem and its significance and the desired objective be achieved together with the definition of the most im
... Show MoreThe study aimed at the following:
Identify the differences in average scores core thinking skills kindergarten children by variable sex (male - female), and by variable age (5.6 - 5.11).
To achieve this researcher adopted a standardized test of core thinking skills for the kindergarten children, which was built and standardization by the researcher Meyada Asaad Mussa 2012 . applied test on a sample of (814) ) boys and girls who were randomly chosen form, from directorates of Baghdad Education Adoption of the proportional distribution.
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