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The market value between the two dilemmas of profit distribution and retention: an analytical study in the Iraqi stock market
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Abstract:

             The distribution or retention of profits is the third decision among financial management decisions in terms of priority, whether at the level of theory or practice, as the issue of distribution or retention is multi-party in terms of influence and impact, as determining the optimal percentage for each component is still the subject of intellectual debate because these decisions are linked to the future of the organization and several considerations, The research focus on the nature of the policies followed by the Iraqi banking sector As the sample chosen by the intentional sampling method was represented by the Commercial Bank of Iraq, Baghdad, Babylon and National of Iraq for period (2014-2021). as the data related to the research sample was tested in the light of the hypotheses using panel data, which indicated that there is no relationship between the distribution and retention policies on the market value. The weights related to the elements of distribution and retention were modified by assuming the stability of the organization's desire to maximize the owners wealth by using the genetic algorithm to provide a set of weights that maximize the value of the objective function (market value). The scientific contribution in the light of the knowledge gap, and accordingly, the idea of re-weighing the elements of distribution and retention was presented to maximize the market value, and on the other hand, it was proven that the Iraqi banking sector belongs to the irrelevance school.

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Publication Date
Sun Sep 28 2025
Journal Name
Al–bahith Al–a'alami
Employment of Body Language in Television Advertising An Analytical Study of Al-Hayat TV Commercials (The Egyptian Series as a Model)
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Whatever the designers of the advertisement in choosing the text and spoken phrases, those phrases cannot give or convey the full meaning to the recipient only if this spoken and written language is reinforced with another language based on the signals, movements, and symbols that are displayed using the body or other artistic elements of the advertisement such as pictures, colors, music, effects, and other elements used in the artistic construction of television advertising. All these artistic elements contribute to the completion of the advertising idea and make it ready to be displayed to the public.

Scientists and researchers, in the field of psychology, have relied a lot on this language (body language). And some of them put

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Publication Date
Wed Dec 29 2021
Journal Name
Journal Of The College Of Education For Women
Employment and Labor Union Laws in Japan between the 1889 and 1946 Constitutions: A Comparative Study: أفراح محمد علي
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This research is based on the descriptive and analytical methodology. The importance of studying labor laws and labor unions in Japan between 1889 and 1946 constitutions is because Japan was out of a feudal phase, and had no idea about the factory system and industrialization in their modern sense before the Meiji era. Generally, its labor system used to be mostly familial, and the economic system was based on agriculture. This called for the enactment of legislations and laws appropriate for the coming phase in Meiji era. Thus, this paper examines the role of Meiji government in enacting labor legislations and laws when he came to power in 1896, and his new constitution in 1889 and the civil code of 1896. It further examines the way Mei

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Publication Date
Thu Sep 30 2021
Journal Name
Journal Of Economics And Administrative Sciences
The Importance of Liquidity and Profitability in Enhancing the Banking Value in Private Banks for the Period 2016 - 2019
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The article aims to study the liquidity that is required to be provided optimally and the profitability that is required to be achieved by the bank, and the impact of both of them on the value of the bank, and their effect of both liquidity and profitability on the value of the bank. Hence, the research problem emerged, which indicates the extent of the effect of liquidity and profitability on the value of the bank. The importance of the research stems from the main role that commercial banks play in the economy of a country. This requires the need to identify liquidity in a broad way and its most important components, and how to

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Publication Date
Mon Aug 01 2016
Journal Name
Journal Of Economics And Administrative Sciences
The causal relationship between debt size and Economic value added With contrast of the Frim Size
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Abstract

       The research aims to identify  the  nature of  the relationship between the level of debt used  and economic  value  added  of companies listed on the Iraq Stock Exchange under the Contrast sizes of these companies , The research addressed the theoretical concepts associated with each of the debt financing , economic added value and Organization size With the use of financial techniques in the practical side to measure these variables, The research community Represent of  the shareholding companies listed on the Iraq Stock Exchange with a choice of intentionally sample of 24 joint stock companies representing&nbsp

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Publication Date
Tue Oct 01 2013
Journal Name
Journal Of Economics And Administrative Sciences
The Relationship Between The Internal Marketing and Quality Services : a Filed Study on Samples of Customers and Employees In Iraqi Commercial Banks
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Abstract

The Paper highlights on one of the main activities in marketing management. That is the internal marketing in the commercial banks and its relationship with the quality services offered to satisfy customers needs and wishes in order to reach he ultimate objectives of those banks. Two state and five private banks in Basrah city (Iraq) were taken in a field study. The survey covered the opinions of (184) state bank employees and (158) clients . The analysis of the survey shows that there is a strong relationship between the internal marketing ( in the banks covered by the survey) and the quality of banking objective services and the private banks show greater interest and concern to the internal ma

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Publication Date
Tue Jan 29 2019
Journal Name
Journal Of Accounting And Financial Studies ( Jafs )
Implementing of Social Responsibility Standard ISO 26000 in Consumer Issues Market: Research and Consumer Protection Center -Study Case
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Abstract The aim of this research is to show the grade of implementation of ISO 26000 (Social Responsibility Standard), specifically which related in clause sex (consumer issues), this study was achieved in Market Research and Consumer Protection Center (MRCPC) / University of Baghdad. The seven consumer issues of ISO 26000 was analyzed to show the extent of its implementation in MRCPC depending of using a check list as a principle instrument to collect research data and information. Results analysis was achieved by percentages and mean average. The research was leaded some of results and the most importance one was that the grade of implementation of the center in related to consumer issues given in the standard was medium

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Publication Date
Fri Jul 01 2016
Journal Name
Journal Of Economics And Administrative Sciences
Causality Analysis of the Nexus between Higher Education and Income Distribution in Iraq
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Abstract:

The achievement of economic and social welfare for individual is the main target to all policies that adopted by all countries worldwide either were economic, social, political or others. The obtaining of education by individuals and especially the higher education is one of the most important determinates in achieving the wellbeing and lasted economic development. This is because via the higher education new fields can be opened in front of individuals in order to get adequate jobs associated with their scientific specialization. This is allowing educated individuals gain higher income that can reduce the gap of income inequality.

Thus, this paper aims to analysis the n

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Publication Date
Wed Feb 01 2017
Journal Name
Journal Of Economics And Administrative Sciences
Strategic Command and its role in activating the Organisational performance analytical study of the views of the heads of academic departments at General Authority of groundwater.
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Abstract

The research aims to identify the strategic leadership and its role in activating the Organisational Performance, which is an analytical study of the views of the heads of scientific departments at General Authority of groundwater researcher's quest focused towards building a theoretical framework suitable for strategic leadership and performance Organisational and itُs dimensions.To achieve the aims of the research is designed to identify the researcher included (35) items to collect the raw data from the research sample consisting of 33 of the heads of departments. Data was collected by questionnaire, field visits, interviews and some official documents to complete the search data. It has also been used a numb

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Publication Date
Tue Dec 30 2014
Journal Name
College Of Islamic Sciences
Investigations in the sanctity of divine texts and their composition: (Comparative study between the Quran and the Torah)
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The research deals with an important issue that many people are working on, namely the sanctification of the texts on which the timings of the time and the different conditions of the place took place. Do not live up to the ranks of perfection and perfection, and every effort has explanations according to the mind machine, which is not protected by infallibility from error. The great downfall is to put these intellectual efforts in the Bible without separating them from the Word of God. The situation and the place on the adherents of a religion and mixed with the trick of the average individual only to be subject to the words of the teachers of Sharia and docility.

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Publication Date
Sun Dec 01 2019
Journal Name
Journal Of Economics And Administrative Sciences
The Determinants of Total Factor Productivity Growth: an Analytical Study of a Cross Section of Countries for the Period (2003-2016)
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            This study tests the effect of a large number of independent variables that control the growth of the total productivity, which amounted to 112 variables, gathered from what is mentioned in the specialized theoretical and applied literature. The data for these variables were taken from global reports of sound international organizations and reliable databases covering the period 1991-2016. The data of the dependent variable, the growth of the total factor productivity, were taken from the database of the world development indicators. The study covered 61 countries for which data were available. The study included three regression models to explain

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