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أثر أنموذج لاندا في تحصيل طالبات الصف الخامس العلمي في مادة الاحياء
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اظهرت نتائج ابحاث تربوية اجريت في الولايات المتحدة الامريكية ان تدريس مادة الاحياء يعتمد على حفظ المصطلحات والمفاهيم العلمية دون فهم واستيعاب لها، كما ان الاساليب والطرائق التدريسية المتبعة تقليدية وتؤكد على الجوانب الشكلية والنظرية والحفظ والتلقين. (عايش،1999،ص8).

        واشارت دراسة في وزارة التربية العراقية ان مادة الاحياء تشارك بعض المواد الاخرى في صعوبتها في المرحلة الثانوية لان المفاهيم الاحيائية لها خصوصية من حيث صعوبتها وتشابكها وتفرعها مما يزيد من صعوبة تعلمها.(العراق،1984،ص4-12). وتكمن مشكلة البحث من انخفاض مستوى تحصيل طالبات الصف الخامس العلمي في مادة الاحياء عند مقارنته بتحصيلهن في الصف الرابع العام، وقد يعود ذلك الى طبيعة مادة الاحياء المعقدة نوعا ما في هذا الصف لتضمينها مفاهيم ومبادئ،وقوانين ومسائل رياضية فسلجية تصعب على الطالبات ادراكها على وفق الاساليب التدريسية التقليدية الشائعة في مدارسنا(المحاضرة)، كما ان التركيز على التلقين وعدم ربط الخبرات السابقة للطالبات والتقييد الحرفي بالكتاب وعدم توظيف المفاهيم الاحيائية بصورة جيدة.        إضافة الى عدم جدية التدريس من قبل اغلب المدرسات وعدم استعمال التقنيات الحديثة انعكست هي الاخرى على تحصيل الطالبات وهذا ما لاحظه الباحث من خلال خبرته المتواضعة وعند زيارته للمدارس الثانوية عند التطبيق الجمعي.

        كما وجه الباحث سؤالاً الى (50) مدرس ومدرسة احياء حول معرفتهم لانموذج لاندا وكيفية استعماله في التدريس، فكانت أجابتهم جميعا بعدم معرفتهم بهذا النموذج وانهم اعدو لاعطاء المحاضرات حسب الطرائق المتبعة (التقليدية).

لذا جاء البحث في اثارة السؤال الاتي:-

هل لانموذج لاندا اثر في تحصيل طالبات الصف الخامس العلمي في مادة الاحياء؟

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Abstract
Praise be to Allah, The Lord of the worlds, and peace be upon
Muhammad the master of former and latter people, and peace be upon His
relatives, companions and those who followed Him to Judgment day.
After recognizing the prescription which is called (Al- Fadhaly's Thesis in
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investigation of this issue attracted me, as being related with the idea of the
only one God that is mentioned in the prophetic speech, which is said by
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be upon him " Goes out of the Hell who said: there is no god but God, and in
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