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الإذعان وعلاقته ببعض سمات الشخصية لدى موظفي الدولة
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ان الجزء الاكبر من السلوك الاجتماعي تنظمه المعايير الاجتماعية التي من المتوقع ان يسلك الافراد وفقا لها ، وهكذا فأن الجماعات التي يوجد انسجام بين افرادها سرعان ما تكون اتجاهات وولاءات مشتركة لعدد اكبر من المواقف فعندما ينظم فرد الى جماعة فأن ادراكاته تتغير لتتوافق مع معايير تلك الجماعة .( توق وعدس ، د.ت، ص336).وتؤدي الاسرة دورا اساسيا في اكساب الفرد اتجاهات ومعايير خلقية معينة ثم تقوم الجماعات الثانوية المختلفة التي ينتمي اليها الفرد في مسار حياته الاجتماعية بالدور الممكن . ( سعيد ، 2000 ،ص  123 ) .

ان للتنشئة الاجتماعية دورا كبيرا في اذعان الفرد بنتيجته السلبية او الايجابية , وفي بعض الاحيان يدرب الوالدان اطفالهما على الخضوع مما يتعارض مع التربية الاستقلالية للطفل وذلك بصورة سلبية من قبل الوالدين اذ يبقيان طفلهما معتمدا عليهما اعتمادا كليا في شؤونه كافة فيؤيدان طفلهما اذا ما تطابق سلوكه مع رغبتهما ويعارضان  تصرفاته التي يظهر فيها نوعا من الاستقلال في الرأي والتفكير . ( ابو الحب ، 1964 ، ص 119 ) وقد تؤدي الضغوط الاجتماعية بالفرد الى ضرورة التصرف بطريقة تخالف ما يحمل من معتقد ، لذا قد يكون هنالك اختلاف بين اتجاهات الفرد الخاصة وبين التزاماته العامة ( جلال ، 1984 ،  ص 181 ).

وفي مجال العمل الوظيفي يدخل الفرد في طور جديد في حياته والتي تستحدث بدورها انماط معينة من السلوك  تجعله يسلك على وفق رغبات رؤسائه أو رغبة في تحقيقه مكاسب مهنيه مما يجعله يعيش حالة من التناقض او الصراع بين طموحه في التطلع نحو مكانة اجتماعية  او اقتصادية من خلال ممارسته لبعض الانماط السلوكية والتي لا تتناسب مع افكاره او بناءه النفسي ومع منظومته القيمية او الاخلاقية .

وقد اتضح للباحث من خلال مراجعة الادبيات ذات الصلة بموضوع البحث ان من اهم اسباب اذعان الفرد لمعايير الجماعة هو تجنب العقوبات الخاصة التي تفرضها الجماعة على افرادها من قبيل الفصل او الاستهجان . ويبدو ان لسمات الشخصية دور في ازدياد قدرة الفرد على الاذعان او انخفاضها ، لذا تتحدد مشكلة البحث الحالي بالسؤال الاتي : ( ما العلاقة الارتباطية بين الاذعان

وبعض سمات الشخصية لدى موظفي الدولة ؟) .

 

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