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اثر برنامج تدريبي في تعديل سلوك الانسحاب الاجتماعي لدى المتخلفين عقليا تخلفا بسيطاً
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الانسحاب الاجتماعي بغض النظر عن العوامل المسببة له قابل للعلاج حيث وضحت البحوث العلمية إمكانية الحد منه باستخدام أساليب تعديل السلوك .

وهو  نمط سلوكي شائع لدى معظم الفئات ان لم يكن كل فئات الاعاقة ،وينتج هذا النمط السلوكي الانسحاب الاجتماعي عن عوامل عدة فاذا الطفل يعاني من تلف في الجهاز العصبي المركزي فان هذا التلف قد يحول دون قيام الطفل بالنشاطات المطلوبة للعلاج. توضح البحوث العلمية امكانية الحد منه باستخدام اساليب تعديل السلوك.

ويهدف البحث الحالي إلى التعرف على اثر البرنامج التدريبي في تعديل سلوك الانسحاب الاجتماعي لدى المتخلفين عقليا تخلفا بسيطا من خلال الفرضيات الصفرية آلاتية :

  1ـ  لا يوجد فرق دال إحصائيا بين المجموعة التجريبية على مقياس الانسحاب الاجتماعي قبل تطبيق البرنامج التدريبي وبعده.

2 ـ لا يوجد فرق دال إحصائيا بين المجموعة الضابطة على مقياس الانسحاب الاجتماعي قبل تطبيق البرنامج وبعده .

3 ــ لا يوجد فرق دال إحصائيا بين المجموعة التجريبية والمجموعة الضابطة على مقياس الانسحاب الاجتماعي بعد تطبيق البرنامج.

ولتحقيق هذا الهدف تم بناء برنامج تدريبي طبق على مجموعة تجريبية مكونة من(4) تلاميذ لمدة ست أسابيع بواقع (1 )جلسة واحدة في اليوم على مستوى ست أيام متتالية في الأسبوع كما يود الباحثان أن يشيرا إلى انهما اعتمدا نظرية التعلم الاجتماعي (باندورا) في بناء البرنامج التدريبي . فيما تركت المجموعة الضابطة دون التعرض لهذا البرنامج .وباستخدام اختبار ولكوكسن  ومان ــ وتني لاختبار فرضيات البحث والتعرف على فاعلية البرنامج .أظهرت النتائج أن هناك فروقا ذات دلالة إحصائية بين المجموعتين عند مستوى دلالة( 0.05) وهذا يدل على أن البرنامج التدريبي حقق هدفه في زيادة التفاعل الاجتماعي لدى التلاميذ.

ومن هذه النتائج التي تم التوصل إليها في هذا البحث فان الباحثين خرجا ببعض التوصيات والمقترحات تخدم المتخلفين عقلياً.

 

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