This research seeks to study the role of military bases in activating defense diplomacy, with a focus on studying the case of France in the African continent, which relied on its military bases as a tool to implement its foreign policy. The research explains the concept of defense diplomacy and its relationship to military bases as an effective tool to strengthening bilateral relations between the state's parties. The research focuses on studying the effectiveness of military bases as a tool for activating French defense diplomacy, and studying the goals that French foreign policy seeks to achieve through its intervention or presence in the African continent. In addition to the geopolitical reasons that prompted France to move to

The principal concern of this study is Disjunct and Conjunct adverbials in the
English language. The study sets out to explore and clarify the types, nature and
structure of disjuncts and conjuncts. It also aims at testing student's performance to
evaluate the use and usage of the disjuncts and conjuncts in their written performance.
Two tests, accordingly, were given to some fifty students of at the Dept. of English, at
the college of languages (third and fourth stages) in the University of Sulaimani. The
hypothesis that the study was based on are those students use disjuncts and conjuncts
hardly enough in their writings and when doing so, they generally tend to stick only to
the most commonly used and familiar o

The technique of plant tissue culture has been used to In vitro micropropagation of Spilanthes acmella (L.) Murr. It is an ornamental and medicinal plant not cultivated in Iraq. Seeds were sterilized and cultuared on full strength Murashige and Skoog medium(1962)(MS). Naphthalene acetic acid (NAA), 6- furfuryl aminopurine (Kin.) growth regulators were used at the Initiation stage.The combination between IAA and Kin. was used in multiplication stage. IAA was used for rooting the shoots. Results showed that 1.5% sodium hypochlorite for 15 min was very effective for disinfecting and survival. Nodes exhibited relatively highest response as compared with apical meristems and leaflets culture. Supplying the culture medium with 1 mg/L.

Background: Recurrent aphthous ulceration (RAU) is an inflammatory condition of unknown etiology characterized by painful recurrent (single or multiple) ulcerations of the oral mucosa. It is one of the most common and poorly understood mucosal disorders. It occurs more frequently in times of stress. Local and systemic conditions, genetic, immunologic, microbial factors, and oxidative stress may play a role in the pathogenesis of RAU. The objective of this study was to evaluate the free radical metabolism and antioxidant activity of RAU patients treated by lavender or flax oil paint.

Materials and Methods: Sixty-six RAU patients were enroll

  A.R. Ammons's  Garbage is a unique poem in all measures, starting from the title to the subject matter of the poem.  Though it discusses the ecological repercussion of waste management, the long poem is written to shed light on the correlation between language\poetry and garbage. The paper argues that in his examination of language\poetry and garbage as both reflectors of human life and experience, Ammons claims that redemption is possible through both language and garbage by scrutinizing human experience whether low or high, mundane or sacred. This paper tries to examine Ammons's  efforts to use the farfetched metaphor of garbage to discuss language and poetry-writing.  

        Which was entitled : Aesthetic and dramatic dimensions of silence in the feature film , and the researcher clearly define after removing the confusion existing in some authorized sources , as for the concept of silence , adopted in this research is : the death of the audio stream , Hence the researcher shed a light on the aesthetic and the dramatic role of silence in the feature film , through the handing of the silent scenes ( absolute silence ) in the film research divided this research into four chapters . This first Chapter includes : methodological framework , which represents the research problem , which came with the following question : what is the mechanism of productive silence to the

Taliban has returned to the forefront since regaining control of Afghanistan in mid-August 2021, prompting the international community and researchers to speculate whether it has adopted a different political vision and ideology from its previous rule (1996-2001). The previous rule presented a distorted version of governance that lacked clear political and ideological foundations, characterized by impulsive and chaotic decisions, and the absence of a comprehensive theoretical and intellectual framework for governance.

Once again, Taliban returned to power on August 15, 2021, and took control of the country. This raised many questions about Taliban's return, the extent of its flexibility and adaptability that allowed the movement t

Housing finance is considered to be an important and basic element in housing market, so it’s very important to aid individuals and particular institutions to built or buy new housing units.Inadequate finance system for housing is capable of supporting families to fulfill their needs and helping them to buy and built houses represented a big gap between the need to housing units and available stock. The most important finance institutions in Iraq nowa days are the Real Estate Bank and Housing Fund.Althoughthe role played byeach ofthese institutions, but thattheir roleis stilllimited in thehousing financeat the level ofindividuals orinstitutions. the adoption of the real estate Bank and housing fund to the amount allocated by th