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The Effect of Clare's Plan on Female Students' Achievement in the History Subject in the Institute of Teachers' Preparation
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Teaching through the system of personal learning, known as (Clare's plan) is amongst the most prominent plans which depend on self-education, as it received worldwide recognition. The plan lets the learner achieve learning by depending on himself after being familiar with the educational goals given to him, then he starts to solve the exercises and the drills accompanying the unit. After that, he checks his achievement by answering the self-evaluation tests. This method offers more opportunities for personal interaction than do the traditional systems, and individual leaning is a methodical expression aims at taking care of the learner and making him the locus of the processes of teaching and learning.

Aims of the study: the effect of Clare's plan on the achievement of female students in the history subject in the institute of teachers' preparation.

Hypothesis of the study: There is no significant statistical difference at 0.05 level of indication between the mean score of female students who study by using Clare's plan and those who study using the usual (traditional) method in achievement.

Limits of the study: the current study is limited to female students in daytime institutes of teachers' preparation in Baghdad Province/the center.

Terminology: Clare's Plan, achievement, history

Chapter two: previous studies that dealt with (Clare's plan with achievement).

Chapter three:

First: experimental design: the researcher adopted an experimental design of two groups: experimental and control, and an achievement post-test.

Second: female students of institute of teachers' preparation / daytime in Baghdad City, the center / the academic year 2011-2012

Third: class A represented the experimental group, while class B represented the control group.

The researcher equalized the variables (scores in the history subject and intelligence test).

The researcher formulated (30) behavioural goals depending on the general aims and the content of the history topics that were going to be taught during the experiment divided on the first three levels in the cognitive zone of Bloom's classification (knowledge, comprehension, application).

The researcher prepared a test to measure achievement, consisting of (30) multiple-choice items. The researcher used a number of statistical tools among which (single variance analysis, item difficulty and item discrimination formula, person correlation coefficient, Spearman-Brown formula).

Chapter four: the researcher presents in this chapter the results that she has reached in pursuant with the aim of the study (the hypothesis of the study was rejected and the results showed that there was statistically significant difference between the scores of the two groups).

Conclusions

In the light of the results that the current study has reached, the following can be concluded:

  • Female students of the institute of teachers' preparation are in need of using untraditional teaching techniques, including Clare's plan.
  • Using Clare's model leads to better learning achievement.

Recommendations 

  • History teachers should be familiar with Clare's plan and its steps in order to use it in teaching history.
  • Training elementary and secondary school teachers in the course of preparing them in the institutes of teachers' preparation.

Suggestions

In order to follow up the current study, the researcher suggests conducting the following studies:

  • Conducting a study to compare Clare's plan with other self-learning techniques (like programmed learning and educational case)

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Publication Date
Thu Feb 09 2023
Journal Name
Journal Of Educational And Psychological Researches
Measuring the Effect of Reinforcement (Regular-Irregular) in Gamification upon Developing the Computer Skills among Secondary Education Students in the Kingdom Of Saudi Arabia
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Abstract

This research aims to identify the effect of measuring reinforcement (regular - irregular) in gamification upon developing computer skills among secondary education students in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. The research experiment was applied on two samples of (68) secondary education students in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia in the Aurar region. The results revealed there is a significant difference between the experimental group that used (irregular) reinforcement and the control group used (regular) reinforcement in gamification through the post-application of the electronic programming test and through the programming, language skills observing card (Visual Basic Studio).

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Publication Date
Thu Mar 01 2012
Journal Name
Journal Of Economics And Administrative Sciences
Practices of managers and their impact on the contributions of personnel
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This research was based on two pillars. The first is a comparison between of research done and the result of a particular  variable of research  indebendently in the united state, and second, knowledge and determine the effect of managers  practices on the contributions of personnel. The manager and staff are considered to be the most important elements in the organization and all of them  have a duty towards the others which governed by the relationship rules of procedure of the ministry researched, on the one  hand  and the interests of the organization and hence employees , whether executives  or employees within management formations that the availability of an acceptable level of good pract

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Crossref
Publication Date
Sat Jan 20 2018
Journal Name
International Journal Of Medical Research & Health Sciences
The Influence of Thyroid Hormones on Leptin and Resistin Levels in Hyperthyroid Female Patients
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Hyperthyroidism or thyrotoxicosis occurs due to excess release of thyroid hormone. These hormones regulate the body’s energy balance and have effects on adipokine level. There are several reports suggesting interrelation between adipokines (resistin and leptin) with thyroid dysfunction. Objectives: This study was established to investigate the effect of thyroid hormones in hyperthyroidism state on the level of some adipokines, leptin and resistin; in comparison with control. Patients and Methods: The present study included 50 Iraqi female patients with hyperthyroidism with age ranged between 30-58 years and 30 healthy controls with age ranged between 30-53 years. Serum samples were collected from study groups. The levels of thyroid hormon

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Publication Date
Thu Jan 01 2026
Journal Name
Sciences Journal Of Physical Education
The effect of proposed changes for the rotation and throwing phases on some kinematic variables and the achievement of U20 throwers Shot put.
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Publication Date
Mon Aug 27 2018
Journal Name
Elibrary
ANALYSIS OF PSYCHOPHYSICAL COMPETENCY FOR INDIVIDUAL GAME DISCIPLINES IN FEMALE STUDENTS FROM IRAQ REPUBLIC
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The national educational systems both in the Russian Federation and Iraq Republic have to adjust the training programs to duly prepare the pedagogical university students for the modern challenges and situations on the market of educational services. For success of the service, the education specialists have to fully mobilize their physical, mental and emotional resources and persistently advance their skills and knowledge using the relevant online education courses; practical research conferences; persistent self-education to master theoretical fundamentals of the modern physical education and sport service; and be active in trainings and competitions in their vocational individual game sports including badminton, table tennis and tennis.

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Publication Date
Wed Dec 12 2018
Journal Name
International Journal Of Pharmaceutical Research
Effect of Carbamazepine Drug on Liver Ultrastructure in Female White Mice (Mus musculus)
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Epilepsy is the most common neurological disorder after Alzheimer and other cerebrovascular diseases. Antiepileptic drugs (AED's) are one of the most important methods to prevent epileptic seizers. Antiepileptic drugs can cause damage to the liver which is the largest and most important glandular organ in the body with many other drugs. Carbamazepine (CBZ) is a known anticonvulsant that is widely used and known for a decade, it was used to treat trigeminal neuralgia, bipolar disorder and epilepsy and it can cause hepatotoxicity. In this study female white mice received CBZ suspension at a dose of 20 mg/kg/mouse via gastric gavage for 30 days, tissue samples were collected for scanning electron microscopy. We observed the adverse effects of

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Scopus Crossref
Publication Date
Sat Jan 01 2022
Journal Name
International Journal Of Applied Science And Engineering
The effect of model scale, acceleration history, and soil condition on closed-ended pipe pile response under coupled static-dynamic loads
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This paper analyzes the effect of scaling-up model and acceleration history on seismic response of closed-ended pipe pile using a finite element modeling approach and the findings of 1 g shaking table tests of a pile embedded in dry and saturated soils. A number of scaling laws were used to create the numerical modeling according to the data obtained from 1 g shake table tests performed in the laboratory. The current study found that the behaviors of the scaled models, in general have similar trends. From numerical modeling on both the dry and saturated sands, the normalized lateral displacement, bending moment, and vertical displacement of piles with scale factors of 2 and 35 are less than those of the pile with a scale factor of 1 and the

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Crossref (11)
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Publication Date
Fri Apr 16 2021
Journal Name
Turkish Journal Of Computer And Mathematics Education (turcomat)
The Impact Of Reflexive Learning Strategy On Mathematics Achievement By First Intermediate Class Students And Their Attitudes Towards E-Learning
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Publication Date
Tue Aug 03 2021
Journal Name
Journal Of Accounting And Financial Studies ( Jafs )
Sources of income subject to tax in the Iraqi Income Tax Law No.113 of 1982
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The tax is a financial amount collected from the taxpayer for the account of the public treasury.. and is the cornerstone of the close bond between members of the community and the country in which they live , as income tax is imposed on the profits and revenues achieved by people and often the constitution of most contemporary countries stipulate that the legislator is obligated to determine the sources of revenues and profits subjected to tax. Because the tax has a serious impact on people’s money because it is exposed to that money through direct deduction . Therefore, we note that the applicable income Tax Law stipulated that in order income to be subject to tax , it must be derived from one or more of the income sources st

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Publication Date
Sat Feb 09 2019
Journal Name
Journal Of The College Of Education For Women
Emotional Reassurance and its relationship with family climate at the students of kindergarten Department
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The research aims to identify the level of emotional reassurance and level of family climate at
the students of kindergarten Department.
Search tool :
The two researchers built a measure of emotional reassurance and consisting of (26) items and
the scale of family climate consisting of (30 ) items .
The applied Statistical methods:
The two researchers used the statistical bag spss and they used t-test and Pearson correlation
coefficient and analysis of variance and Alpha -Cronbach .
The results showed : The students of kindergarten Department have a high level of
emotional reassurance and good family climate and there is a relationship between emotional
reassurance and family climate .
The two researchers

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