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Early marriage for the minors: a phenomenon of family violence against children
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It is certain that marriage has the favor of the continuity of human kind since the Prophet Adam till now. But this important event is threatened by some justifications which lead to its delay or abandonment. In the West, sexual relations, illegal friendships, and disrespect of marriage sacredness lead to this delay. While the reasons behind the delay of marriage in the Arab world refer to high dowries, women go out to work, and the religious and scientific ignorance of the need and importance of marriage. The problem also differs according to the difference between the rural and urban regions. On one hand, we find that early marriage is a necessity in the rural regions; on the other hand, the delay of marriage is a clear and natural matter in cities.

       But recently a new problem starts to increase which is the marriage of the minors (under the age of 18 years) which is considered as family violence against children.  Hence forth, this research deals with this problem, and analyzes it's positive and negative sides since marriage is an institution that must be built on the right basis like equivalence, and the ability to hold the responsibility. Subsequently, age plays a great role in marriage as it may affect negatively especially if it becomes obligatory on individual.

             Accordingly, this research inquires the following three questions:

  1. Is marriage of the minors preferable?
  2. Is it a family violence or not?
  3. What are its advantages and disadvantages?

            After applying the tool of the research on 125 adult female students, the research has come to the following results: -

  1. It is not preferable for those under 18 years of age.
  2. It is considered a family violence against children.
  3. It has many disadvantages including an early divorce, the feeling of regret, as well as the inability to hold responsibility.

           But the advantage of early marriage is that it protects the young from deviation.

        In coordination with the Ministries of Education and Higher Education and Scientific Research, the researcher has recommended that there should be some studies that sensitize about the marriage of the minors, its social and economic influences, and its negative results in the future.

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Publication Date
Wed Jan 12 2022
Journal Name
Iraqi Journal Of Pharmaceutical Sciences ( P-issn 1683 - 3597 E-issn 2521 - 3512)
Evaluation of Community Pharmacists Knowledge, Attitude and Practice towards Modified Release Dosage Forms
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Purpose:To evaluate knowledge, practice and attitude of community pharmacists in Basra regarding modified release dosage forms which are widely used for many therapeutic purposes in pharmacy practice.

Methods:The current study was conducted among certified pharmacists in Basra governorate- south of Iraq. Data collection was carried out by a questionnaire.

Results:A total number of 175 community pharmacists responded to the questionnaire. The majority worked in OTC based dispensing pharmacies located in the center of the city. Most respondents missed K1 and were unable to state the difference between different types of modified products. There was a major positive agreemen

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Publication Date
Tue Mar 05 2019
Journal Name
Biomedical And Pharmacology Journal
Prevalence and Public Health Importance of Hydatidosis in Sheep Slaughtered by Unlicensed Ways
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Hydatidosis is a zoonotic, helminthes parasitic disease that cause veterinary and human problems due to economic burden. Amis of the current study was to estimate the prevalence rate of hydatidosis infecting different organs of sheep slaughtered in street. In addition, investigate the relationship between age, gender and the infected rates in some Baghdad areas during a period from may to end of July 2018.A total of 188 sheep was examined for detection of Hydatid cyst in different organs using macroscopic and microscopic examination The overall prevalence rate of 47.9% was recorded. The results indicate non significant differences according to age and gender, the highest rate 57% was observed in sheep more than one year old compare

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Publication Date
Wed Jul 01 2015
Journal Name
Journal Of The Faculty Of Medicine Baghdad
Determination of Serum Adiponectin Levels in Normal Weight Women with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome
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Background: Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a common endocrine disorder in women of reproductive age with primary manifestations of infertility, menstrual dysfunction and clinical or biochemical hyperandrogenism (hirsutism, acne and elevated androgen). Adiponectin is the most abundant adipokine. It has insulin-sensitizing, anti-atherogenic, and antiinflammatory actions.Objective: Low adiponectin levels in women with PCOS have been largely attributed to obesity which is common among these patients. Therefore, the aim of this study was to measure adiponectin levels in normal weight women with PCOS and its contribution to development of disease.Subjects and Methods: Fifty two (52) women were included in this study with age ra

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Publication Date
Wed Jun 18 2014
Journal Name
Desalination And Water Treatment
Removal of zinc from contaminated groundwater by zero-valent iron permeable reactive barrier
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Publication Date
Thu Mar 30 2017
Journal Name
Iraqi Journal Of Pharmaceutical Sciences ( P-issn 1683 - 3597 E-issn 2521 - 3512)
Anti-fungal Activity of Punica Granatum I.peels Powder and Extracts from Pathogenic Samples
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Thirty five samples were collected from patients (1-30) years old, suffered from, infected skin , rushes, boils , oral thrush, anal & vaginal itches.  Candida albicans 57.3% (20 isolates) and Candida tropicalis 22.5% (8 isolates) Aspergillus  fumegatus 11.5% (4 isolates)   Aspergillus nigar 8.7%(3 isolates) , were isolated & identified from these samples.  Alcoholic & water hot extracts of the punica granatum (Pomegranate) peels as well as the dried powder were prepared.  The anti-fungal activity of the extracts was evaluated by means of the agar-well diffusion assay. The extract exhibited potent activity against yeast. The Minimum inhibitory concentra

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Publication Date
Mon Aug 30 2021
Journal Name
Al-kindy College Medical Journal
Psychological and Physical Correlates of Body Image Dissatisfaction among High School Egyptian Students
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Background: Body image is one of the most important psychological factors that affects adolescents’ personality and behavior. Body image can be defined as the person’s perceptions, thoughts, and feelings about his or her body.

Objectives: to identify the prevalence of body image concerns among secondary school students and its relation to different factors.

Subjects and methods: A cross-sectional study conducted in which 796 secondary school students participated and body shape concerns was investigated using the body shape questionnaire (BSQ-34).

Results: The prevalence of moderate/marked concern was (21.6%). Moderate/ marked body shape concern was significantly associated

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Publication Date
Tue Jan 01 2019
Journal Name
Journal Of Southwest Jiaotong University
Recognizing Job Apathy Patterns of Iraqi Higher Education Employees Using Data Mining Techniques
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Psychological research centers help indirectly contact professionals from the fields of human life, job environment, family life, and psychological infrastructure for psychiatric patients. This research aims to detect job apathy patterns from the behavior of employee groups in the University of Baghdad and the Iraqi Ministry of Higher Education and Scientific Research. This investigation presents an approach using data mining techniques to acquire new knowledge and differs from statistical studies in terms of supporting the researchers’ evolving needs. These techniques manipulate redundant or irrelevant attributes to discover interesting patterns. The principal issue identifies several important and affective questions taken from

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Publication Date
Mon Jan 01 2024
Journal Name
Communications In Mathematical Biology And Neuroscience
Effects of fear and refuge strategy dependent on predator in food web dynamics
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Publication Date
Fri Aug 28 2020
Journal Name
2 Nd Al-noor International Conference For Science And Technology
Removal of Sulfur Compounds in Iraqi Kerosene Using 1-Ethyl -3- Methyllimidazolium Acetate
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In the present study, 1-ethyl -3-methyllimidazolium acetate ionic liquid is introduced for extractive desulfurization of Iraqi kerosene (1622ppm) and compared with 1-ethyl -3- methyllimidazolium tetrafloroborate. The effect of ionic liquid/ fuel ratio (1/9, 1/4, 1/2), temperature (25, 30,40oC), stirring speed (300,450rpm) and time (10, 30, 90, 180, 360 min) were studied. Sulfur compound analysis was performed using X-Ray fluorescence. The ionic liquid with acetate anion (OAc) showed better performance than tetrafloborate (BF4). The maximum extraction efficiency was 32% achieved at 1/2 IL/Fuel and 40oC after 90min. The oxidation step using hydrogen peroxide (8ml/200ml), catalyzed by acetic acid (2ml) and followed by ionic liquid extraction h

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Publication Date
Wed Jan 01 2014
Journal Name
Veterinary Medicine International
Compensatory Structural Adaptive Modifications of Vagina in Response to Functional Demand in Goat
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Vaginal biopsies and smears were collected from ten adult local healthy goats. Routine histological methods were carried out on vaginal biopsies and then stained with PAS stain. The smears were stained with Methylene blue. All samples were inspected under light microscope. The present study found that many constituents of the wall of the vagina, which have an important functional role, were absent; among these were the vaginal glands, goblet cells, muscularis mucosa, and lymphatic nodules. On the other hand, vagina showed special compensatory histological mechanisms, namely, the deep epithelial folds, the well-developed germinated stratum basale, the apparent basement membrane, and the profuse defensive cells, such as neutrophils, m

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