Many isolated rural communities are located in regions where there is an abundant and reliable supply of solar energy, but where the distance to the nearest power station is many tens or even hundreds of kilometre. It is therefore mainly in these areas that rural electrification is now being provided by PV generators. since Stand-Alone PV generator can offer the most cost-effective and reliable option for providing power needed in remote places. Accordingly these isolated rural canters are fitted with PV for lighting, a refrigerator, a television and socket to supply kitchen appliances

The Psychologists have noticed, not long ago, that the man’s success and happiness in life do not only depend on his degree and education, which express on his mental intelligence but also they need another kind of intelligence called emotional intelligence. The research aims at identifying the emotional intelligence level of the top and administrative leaderships in the Federal Board of Supreme Audit by evaluating their emotional intelligence when the administrative and audit leaderships face emotional interactions by dealing with administrative and audit stuffs in the Board. The research problem is focused on the following question “Is the emotional intelligence of the top and administrative leaderships in the Fede

The resort to the eloquence of the poetic image as a style reveals the poet's creativity and creativity in dealing with external influences, and reflect them with emotional images express a sense of intense emotional imagination, and this imagination stems from the experience of a poetic sense of truth, tasted by the recipient before the creator of the poetic text.

This article explores the process of VGI collection by assessing the relative usability and accuracy of a range of different methods (Smartphone GPS, Tablet, and analogue maps) for data collection amongst different demographic and educational groups, and in different geographical contexts. Assessments are made of positional accuracy, completeness, and data collectors’ experiences with reference to the official cadastral data and the administration system in a case-study region of Iraq. Ownership data was validated by crowd agreement. The result shows that successful VGI projects have access to varying data collection methods.

Wireless channels are typically much more noisy than wired links and subjected to fading due to multipath  propagation which result in ISI and hence high error rate. Adaptive modulation is a powerful technique to improve the tradeoff between spectral efficiency and Bit Error Rate (BER). In order to adjust the transmission rate, channel state information (CSI) is required at the transmitter side.

In this paper the performance enhancement of using linear prediction along with channel estimation to track the channel variations and adaptive modulation were examined. The simulation results shows that the channel estimation is sufficient for low Doppler frequency shifts (<30 Hz), while channel prediction is much more suited at

In wireless broadband communications using single-carrier interleave division multiple access (SC-IDMA) systems, efficient multiuser detection (MUD) classes that make use of joint hybrid decision feedback equalization (HDFE)/ frequency decision-feedback equalization (FDFE) and interference cancellation (IC) techniques, are proposed in conjunction with channel coding to deal with several users accessing the multipath fading channels. In FDFE-IDMA, the feedforward (FF) and feedback (FB) filtering operations of FDFE, which use to remove intersymbol interference (ISI), are implemented by Fast Fourier Transforms (FFTs), while in HDFE-IDMA the only FF filter is implemented by FFTs. Further, the parameters involved in the FDFE/

There are many studies dealt with handoff management in mobile communication systems and some of these studies presented handoff schemes to manage this important process in cellular network. All previous schemes used relative signal strength (RSS) measurements. In this work, a new proposed handoff scheme had been presented depending not only on the RSS measurements but also used the threshold distance and neighboring BSS power margins in order to improve the handoff management process. We submitted here a threshold RSS as a condition to make a handoff when a mobile station moves from one cell to another this at first, then we submitted also a specified margin between the current received signal and the ongoing BS's received signal must be s

The research tagged (functional enhancement and its reflection on industrial product systems) focused on the possibility of enhancing industrial products in terms of form and functionality in a way that they are able to meet the needs of the user through the impact of technology and modern technologies on the functional enhancement of industrial products and their effectiveness in achieving formal and functional design variables, and producing products Industrial products are highly efficient and durable in order to improve them in order to meet the needs of the user, the transfer of technology between life forms and industrial products is desirable because the functional enhancement processes that occurred in general on industrial produ

The increasing complexity of assaults necessitates the use of innovative intrusion detection systems (IDS) to safeguard critical assets and data. There is a higher risk of cyberattacks like data breaches and unauthorised access since cloud services have been used more frequently. The project's goal is to find out how Artificial Intelligence (AI) could enhance the IDS's ability to identify and classify network traffic and identify anomalous activities. Online dangers could be identified with IDS. An intrusion detection system, or IDS, is required to keep networks secure. We must create efficient IDS for the cloud platform as well, since it is constantly growing and permeating more aspects of our daily life. However, using standard intrusion