Sarcasm is conceders one patterns of undesirable communication, which causes social problems in humans relationships because of the contradictory verbal and nonverbal expressions is known sarcasm may defined , statements with intent to belittle others in different situations, dealing with the individual deliberately, to diminish the will or overwhelmed by the recipe stupid, which generate a reaction when a person listener, raising the intentions of ridicule and undermine it, and this may happen is different from the irony interest increased in sarcasm since the development of scientists "Watzlawick '" and Bevin "Jackson's" in 1967 theory interactive and considered the sarcasm one interaction patterns in the social relationship, which use

After the democratic transformation in 2003 in Iraq, young people waited a lot to take their real opportunity to participate in politics, but most of the laws regulating political and electoral work have been unfair to young people, despite developments in laws and legislation, but opportunities did not allow young people to participate in politics, which was reflected It negatively affected their participation in voting and nomination, and even their assumption of public office and positions, which is why they complained about the ruling class and the political system through protests, or when they refused to vote, and this is reflected in the recent parliamentary elections and low participation rates

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Has influenced technology contact on social values in the Arab community in general and
the Iraqi community in particular whether this positive change or a negative effect on the level
of the individual and society is reflected this influence through socialization and human
relations as well as the behavior of individuals and dealing with others, where the world was
to soon pass changes slow, and the amounts that can be measured and trends can be calculated
and the effect of points can be identified and controlled, but the technological changes and
openness cognitive features that seemed evident in the last decade of the twentieth century
brought about a change in all scales and distances traditional considerations.<

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The research aimed at identifying  the level of Acute stress disorder  and orientation towards supplication among the wives of the martyrs and knowledge of the two levels according to the age groups, academic achievement and profession. Sample of (72) wife of a martyr, and the results of the research indicated that the wives of the martyrs have symptoms of distress disorder and have adherence to the supplication to alleviate that disorder, as well as the results indicated that there are statistical differences in distress disturbance according to the variable of age groups, the profession variable and the variable of enrollment The academic year. As for the measure of the trend towards supplication, there are no statistical dif

يستهدف البحث التعرف على اهمية التعلم باللعب لاطفال رياض الاطفال وانعكاساتها على تعديل سلوكهم، حيث ان اللعب هو دنيا الطفل المليئة بالمتعة والاستطلاع والاستكشاف، كما ان اللعب بالنسبة للاطفال يمثل لهم الحياة بكل ما فيها من معنى.

وفي الوقت نفسه اللعب هو وسيلة من وسائل الضبط والتوجيه للتعامل مع سلوك الاطفال، فمن خلال اللعب نستكشف النبوغ والتفوق منذ وقت مبكر، حيث ان التعلم باللعب يمثل حاجة حيو

من الجدير بالذكر أن تدني المهارات الاجتماعية أو فقدها لدى الأطفال المعاقين عقلياً يؤدي إلى ظهور مشكلات سلوكية سلبية مما أدى بالباحثة التصدي إلى هذه المشكلة من خلال تحسين المهارات الاجتماعية للأطفال المعاقين عقلياً قد يسهم في زيادة تفاعلهم الاجتماعي سواء مع أقرانهم او مع العاديين وهو ما قد يعيقهم على اكتساب السلوك التكيفي لذا ارتأت الباحثة ان تعد برنامجاً تدريبياً لتنمية المهارات الاجتماعية لدى المعا

إستأثر مفهوم قوة التحمل النفسي (Psychological Hardiness)      رغم حداثته نسبياً بأهتمام العديد من الباحثين والدارسين . وحاولت الدراسات إبراز دوره المهم والفاعل في منع حدوث التأثيرات السلبية المتوقعة التي تحدثها ظروف الحياة الضاغطة على قابلية الفرد بصورة عامة ولا زال الاهتمام مستمراً في التحقق من هذا الدور . وتحاول الدراسة الحالية أن تلقي مزيداً من الضوء على هذا المفهوم وطبيعته مما يز

1- The degree of self-control of the educational counselors.

2- The level of work pressures that educational counselors are exposed to from their point of view.

3- The significance of the differences in the degree of self-control and work pressures according to the gender variable (male / female).

4- The relationship between self-control and work stress for the sample as a whole.

The current research was limited to educational counselors of both sexes in Anbar Governorate, Ramadi District, affiliated to the Anbar Education Directorate. The researcher adopted the steps of the relational descriptive approach to achieve the research objectives. The current research community consists of (100) m